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Association of response rate and prevalence estimates of common mental disorders across 129 areas in a nationally representative survey of adults in Japan

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Abstract

Objective

To investigate the association of area response rate with prevalence estimates of mental disorders in the 2nd World Mental Health Survey (WMHJ2).

Methods

The sample of the WMHJ2 was selected from community residents in 129 areas from three regions of Japan. The surveys were conducted between 2013 and 2015, and 2450 (43.4%) responded. Mental disorders as well as three disorder classes (mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders) were identified using the WHO CIDI/DSM-IV. Response rates and 12-month and lifetime prevalences were calculated for each area. A generalized linear mixed model analysis was conducted to associate area response rate with the prevalence of mental disorders, controlling for sex, age, urbanity, and geographical region.

Results

Area response rates ranged from 0.05 to 0.80 across the 129 areas. Area response rate was not significantly associated with 12-month or lifetime prevalence of mental disorder. Lifetime prevalences of substance use disorder were significantly lower in a survey with a higher response rate than a survey of the same area with a lower response rate.

Conclusion

Response rate may not strongly affect the prevalence estimates of mental disorders in a community-based survey of the prevalence of common mental disorders during a particular time frame. However, a lower response rate could be associated with overestimation of lifetime prevalence of substance use disorder. This needs further elucidation.

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Funding

The World Mental Health Japan Second Survey was supported by a Grant for Research on Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases and Mental Health from the Japan Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare (H25-SEISHIN-IPPAN006) and by Research and Development Grants for Comprehensive Research for Persons with Disabilities from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (15dk0310020h0003). The overall WMHS was supported by the US National Institute of Mental Health (R01 MH070884), the MacArthur Foundation, the Pfizer Foundation, the US Public Health Service (R13-MH066849, R01-MH069864 and R01 DA016558), the Fogarty International Center (R03-TW006481), the Pan American Health Organization, Eli Lilly and Company, Ortho-McNeil Pharmaceutical Inc., GlaxoSmithKline, Bristol-Myers Squibb, and Shire. The funders had no role in analyzing or interpreting the data.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 1130033, Japan

    Norito Kawakami, Naonori Yasuma, Kazuhiro Watanabe, Hanako Ishikawa & Daisuke Nishi

  2. National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan

    Naonori Yasuma, Hisateru Tachimori & Tadashi Takeshima

  3. Research Institute of Nursing Care for People and Community, University of Hyogo, Akashi, Japan

    Maki Umeda

  4. Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan

    Haruki Shimoda

Authors
  1. Norito Kawakami
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  2. Naonori Yasuma
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  3. Kazuhiro Watanabe
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  4. Hanako Ishikawa
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  5. Hisateru Tachimori
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  6. Tadashi Takeshima
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  7. Maki Umeda
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  8. Haruki Shimoda
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  9. Daisuke Nishi
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Correspondence to Norito Kawakami.

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Kawakami, N., Yasuma, N., Watanabe, K. et al. Association of response rate and prevalence estimates of common mental disorders across 129 areas in a nationally representative survey of adults in Japan. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 55, 1373–1382 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-020-01847-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-020-01847-3

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