ISHS Acta Horticulturae 1080: I International Symposium on Cashew Nut
TOXICITY OF CASHEW NUT SHELL LIQUID (CNSL) ON BRUCHIDS IN GREENGRAM AND REDGRAM SEEDS |
| Authors: | K. Raja, K. Sivasubramaniam, R. Geetha , K. Sujatha |
| Keywords: | pulse beetle, seed treatment, seed storage, seed infestation, viability, vigour |
| DOI: | 10.17660/ActaHortic.2015.1080.57 |
| Abstract:
Greengram and redgram seeds are severely infected by the notorious field carryover pest pulse beetle (Callosobruchus chinensis L.) which is also known as bruchid. Being an internal feeder it causes losses up to 40-50% due its short life cycle and high reproductive capacity. An attempt was made to use the cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL), a byproduct of cashew industry for the control of pulse beetle. Freshly harvested greengram and redgram seeds were treated with different doses of CNSL viz., 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 15 and 20 ml kg-1 of seeds, packed in the polythene bags and stored in ambient condition for the evaluation of seed viability. Adult pulse beetles were introduced among the seeds treated with different doses at the rate of 5 pairs per kilogram for the assessment of the oviposition effect. The results revealed that the differences were observed at species level, concentration and duration of storage. Seeds treated with cashew nut shell liquid reduced the insect infestation in the seeds. Number of eggs seed-1, number of insects kg-1 and percent damage were low in 4 ml kg-1 CNSL treated seeds at two months after storage compared with other doses and untreated control. Most number of eggs (3.18, 3.27), insects (23.0, 28.0) and percent damage (41.0, 47.3) were observed in untreated seeds of greengram and redgram seeds respectively at two months. Germination (92, 87%) and seedling vigour of the seeds were not affected by this concentration in both greengram and redgram seeds respectively during the initial period of evaluation. However, if the doses were increased to 20 ml kg-1 it affected the germination and recorded 71% in greengram and 81% in redgram seeds. Also 4 ml kg-1 CNSL treated greengram seeds stored better with the germination of 82% during 12 months of storage compared with redgram seed which recorded 27% at 10 months period. | |
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