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Tropical Rainforest Dynamics and Palaeoclimate Implications since the late Pleistocene, Nilgiris, India

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 November 2018

Priyanka Raja ,
Hema Achyuthan ,
Anjum Farooqui ,
Rengaswamy Ramesh ,
Pankaj Kumar  and
Sundeep Chopra
Priyanka Raja
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, Anna University, Chennai, India
Hema Achyuthan*
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, Anna University, Chennai, India
Anjum Farooqui
Affiliation:
Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences, Lucknow, India
Rengaswamy Ramesh
Affiliation:
School of Earth and Planetary Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, Odisha, India
Pankaj Kumar
Affiliation:
Inter-University Accelerator Centre, New Delhi, India
Sundeep Chopra
Affiliation:
Inter-University Accelerator Centre, New Delhi, India
*
*Corresponding author at: Department of Geology, Anna University, Sardar Patel Road, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600025, India. E-mail address: hachyuthan@yahoo.com;hachyuthan0@gmail.com (H. Achyuthan).
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Abstract

A multiproxy study involving sedimentology, palynology, radiocarbon dating, stable isotopes, and geochemistry was carried out on the Parsons Valley Lake deposit, Nilgiris, India, to determine palaeoclimatic fluctuations and their possible impact on vegetation since the late Pleistocene. The 72-cm-deep sediment core that was retrieved reveals five distinct palaeoclimatic phases: (1) Warm and humid conditions with a high lake stand before the last glacial maximum (LGM; ~29,800 cal yr BP), subsequently changing to a relatively cool and dry phase during the LGM. (2) Considerable dry conditions and lower precipitation occurred between ~16,300 and 9500 cal yr BP. During this period, the vegetation shrank and perhaps was confined to moister pockets or was a riparian forest cover. (3) An outbreak in the shift of monsoonal precipitation was witnessed in the beginning of the mid-Holocene, around 8400 cal yr BP, implying alteration in the shift toward warm and humid conditions, resulting in relatively high pollen abundance for evergreen taxa. (4) This phase exhibits a shift to heavier δ13C values around ~1850 cal yr BP, with an emergence of moist deciduous plants pointing to drier conditions. (5) Human activities contributed to the exceedingly high percentage of Acacia and Pinus pollen during the Little Ice Age.

Keywords

LGMHoloceneAMS radiocarbon datingδ13CPalynologyNilgirisCHNSPalaeoclimate
Type
Research Article
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 91 , Issue 1 , January 2019 , pp. 367 - 382
Copyright
Copyright © University of Washington. Published by Cambridge University Press, 2018 

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