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Afterpulse measurement of JUNO 20-inch PMTs

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Abstract

In this study, we present the large photomultiplier tube (PMT) afterpulse measurement results obtained from the Jiangmen underground neutrino observatory (JUNO) experiment. A total of 11 dynode-PMTs (R12860) from the Hamamatsu company (Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. (HPK)) and 150 micro-channel plate PMTs (MCP-PMTs, GDB-6201) from the NNVT company (North Night Vision Technology Co., Ltd. (NNVT)) were tested. Subsequently, an afterpulse model was built according to the afterpulse time distribution and the probability of occurrence for these two types of PMTs. The average ratio of the total afterpulse charge with a delay between 0.5 \(\upmu\)s and 20 \(\upmu\)s to the primary pulse charge is \(\sim\) 5.7% (13.2%) for the tested MCP-PMTs (dynode-PMTs). The JUNO experiment will deploy 20,012 20-inch PMTs; this study will benefit detector simulation, event reconstruction, and data analysis regarding the JUNO experiment.

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Notes

  1. MCP-PMT’s typical working HV is approximately 1750 V and dynode-PMT’s HV is approximately 1820 V.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China

    Rong Zhao, Yu Chen, Hang Hu, Jun Wang & Wei Wang

  2. Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141980, Russia

    Nikolay Anfimov, Denis Korablev, Alexander Olshevskiy & Arseny Rybnikov

  3. Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Jun Hu, Xiao-Lu Ji, Min Li, Zhao-Yuan Peng, Zhong-Hua Qin & Zhi-Min Wang

  4. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Min Li & Zhi-Min Wang

  5. State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing, 100049, China

    Zhong-Hua Qin

  6. Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, China

    Jun Wang & Wei Wang

  7. State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronic, Beijing, 100049, China

    Zhi-Min Wang

  8. Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, 20148, Germany

    Björn Wonsak

Authors
  1. Rong Zhao
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Wei Wang.

Additional information

This work was supported by Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. XDA10011100), Joint Institute of Nuclear Research (JINR), Russia and Lomonosov Moscow State University in Russia, joint Russian Science Foundation (RSF), DFG (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft), and National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 12090062 and 12075087). The authors acknowledge all their colleagues from the JUNO collaboration who operated the 20-inch PMT testing system.

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Zhao, R., Anfimov, N., Chen, Y. et al. Afterpulse measurement of JUNO 20-inch PMTs. NUCL SCI TECH 34, 12 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41365-022-01162-3

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