Abstract
Major evolutionary questions remain elusive due to persistent difficulties in directly studying the genetics of variable phenotypes in natural populations. Many phenotypic variants may be of adaptive relevance, and thus important to consider in the context of conservation genetics. However, since the dynamics of these traits is usually poorly understood in the wild, their incorporation in conservation strategies is difficult to accomplish. For animals which exhibit intriguing phenotypic variation but are difficult to track in the wild, innovative approaches are required to investigate such issues. Here we demonstrate that non-invasive DNA sampling can be used to study the genetics and ecology of melanism in the jaguar, by directly genotyping the molecular polymorphism underlying this coloration trait. These results open new prospects for the in-depth investigation of this polymorphism, and highlight the broader potential of non-invasive DNA-based phenotype tracking for wildlife in general.
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Acknowledgments
We thank all institutions and people who helped with collection of biological samples, including those mentioned in Supplementary Table 1 (online), as well as S. J. O’Brien, W. E. Johnson, A. Nava, A. Paviolo, M. Di Bitteti, C. Corio, E. Hasson, F. C. C. Azevedo, V. A. Conforti, M. X. Silva, and A. N. S. Rodrigues. This project was supported by Companhia Energética de São Paulo (CESP), Instituto Pró-Carnívoros, Instituto de Pesquisas Ecológicas (IPÊ), Jaguar Conservation Fund/Instituto Onça-Pintada (IOP) and Centro Nacional de Pesquisas para Conservação de Predadores Naturais (CENAP/ICMBio). T. Haag, A. S. Santos and F. P. Valdez were supported by fellowships from Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), Programa de Educação Tutorial da Secretaria de Educação Superior do Ministério da Educação (PET/SESu/MEC) and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), respectively.
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Haag, T., Santos, A.S., Valdez, F.P. et al. Molecular tracking of jaguar melanism using faecal DNA. Conserv Genet 11, 1239–1242 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-009-9933-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-009-9933-x