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Nationwide Japanese Prostate Cancer Outcome Study of Permanent Iodine-125 Seed Implantation (J-POPS): first analysis on survival

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International Journal of Clinical Oncology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Background

Investigating oncological outcomes in patients registered in the Japanese Prostate Cancer Outcome Study of Permanent Iodine-125 Seed Implantation (J-POPS) in terms of biochemical relapse-free survival (bRFS) by the Phoenix and the newly developed J-POPS definitions, exploration of predictive factors for bRFS, and preliminary verification of pitfalls of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) failure definitions.

Methods

Between July 2005 and June 2007, 2316 clinically localized patients underwent permanent seed implantation. The primary endpoint was bRFS. One of the secondary endpoints was overall survival (OS).

Results

The median age was 69 and performance status was 0 in 99.1% of participants. The median biologically effective dose (BED) was about 180 Gy2. During a median follow-up of 60.0 months, 8.4 and 5.9% had PSA failure by the Phoenix and the J-POPS definitions, respectively. The 5-year bRFSs based on the Phoenix and the J-POPS definitions were 89.1 and 91.6%, respectively. The 5-year OS was 97.3%. According to multivariate analyses, only age affected bRFS based on the Phoenix definition, whereas the risk group and BED independently affected bRFS based on the J-POPS definition. A spontaneous PSA decrease was seen in 91.1% of participants after PSA failure based on the Phoenix definition alone, but in only 22.2% after PSA failure based on the J-POPS definition alone.

Conclusion

The world’s largest registration study, J-POPS, consisted of patients with longevity, and a highly quality-controlled BED resulted in excellent bRFS and OS. The high likelihood of PSA bounce by the Phoenix definition should be taken into account, especially in younger patients.

Clinical trial information

NCT00534196.

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Acknowledgements

Thanks to all of the investigators who contributed to the cohort 1 in the J-POPS (see list of the J-POPS Investigators). This research was supported by the Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (Kobe, Japan; http://www.ibri-kobe.org/english/foundation.html). This work was supported in part by a Health Labor Sciences Research Grant from the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare (H29-ICT-Ippan-002).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology, Gunma University, Gunma, Japan

    Kazuto Ito

  2. Institute for Preventive Medicine, Kurosawa Hospital, 187, Yanaka-cho, Takasaki, Gunma, 370-1203, Japan

    Kazuto Ito

  3. Department of Urology, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan

    Shiro Saito

  4. Department of Radiation Oncology, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan

    Atsunori Yorozu

  5. Translational Research Informatics Center, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation, Hyogo, Japan

    Shinsuke Kojima, Takashi Kikuchi, Satoshi Higashide & Masanori Fukushima

  6. Department of Radiation Oncology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

    Manabu Aoki

  7. Seisyukai Clinic, Fukuoka, Japan

    Hirofumi Koga

  8. Department of Urology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan

    Takefumi Satoh

  9. Takefumi Satoh Prostate Clinic, Tokyo, Japan

    Takefumi Satoh

  10. Department of Radiation Oncology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

    Toshio Ohashi & Naoyuki Shigematsu

  11. Department of Radiation Oncology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan

    Katsumasa Nakamura

  12. Department of Radiation Oncology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan

    Norihisa Katayama

  13. Department of Urology, Nara Medical University Hospital, Nara, Japan

    Nobumichi Tanaka

  14. Department of Urology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan

    Masahiro Nakano

  15. Department of Radiation Oncology, Saitama Medical College, Saitama, Japan

    Takushi Dokiya

Authors
  1. Kazuto Ito
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  2. Shiro Saito
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  3. Atsunori Yorozu
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  4. Shinsuke Kojima
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  5. Takashi Kikuchi
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  6. Satoshi Higashide
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  7. Manabu Aoki
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  8. Hirofumi Koga
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  9. Takefumi Satoh
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  10. Toshio Ohashi
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  11. Katsumasa Nakamura
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  12. Norihisa Katayama
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  13. Nobumichi Tanaka
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  14. Masahiro Nakano
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  15. Naoyuki Shigematsu
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  16. Takushi Dokiya
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  17. Masanori Fukushima
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Consortia

For the J-POPS Investigators

  • Yutaka Takahashi
  • , Iwao Tsukiyama
  • , Yasutomo Nasu
  • , Masaoki Harada
  • , Takashi Fukagai
  • , Takashi Yamashita
  • , Akio Matsubara
  • , Mikio Igawa
  • , Shin Egawa
  • , Yoshiyuki Kakehi
  • , Youji Katsuoka
  • , Hiroshi Kanetake
  • , Yoshinobu Kubota
  • , Hiromi Kumon
  • , Ichiro Yamasaki
  • , Kazuhiro Suzuki
  • , Takashi Deguchi
  • , Munehisa Ueno
  • , Seiji Naito
  • , Mikio Namiki
  • , Shiro Baba
  • , Kazushige Hayakawa
  • , Yoshihiko Hirao
  • , Tomoaki Fujioka
  • , Shigeo Horie
  • , Tsuneharu Miki
  • , Masaru Murai
  • , Hideki Yoshida
  • , Jun Itami
  • , Toshihiko Inoue
  • , Yutaka Imai
  • , Masaaki Kataoka
  • , Atsushi Kubo
  • , Hitoshi Shibuya
  • , Masamichi Nishio
  • , Hiroyoshi Tanaka
  • , Yoshiaki Tanaka
  • , Satoshi Teramukai
  • , Chikako Harada
  • , Kouichi Yamashiro
  • , Takayoshi Kiba
  • , Shin-ichi Kitagawa
  • , Emiko Uno
  • , Tsutomu Nishimura
  • , Fumie Kinoshita
  • , Shinya Iida
  • , Shinichiro Maruo
  • , Keiko Miyakoda
  • , Takashi Daimon
  • , Atsuhiko Kawamoto
  • , Hideaki Kaneda
  • , Mikio Yoshidomi
  • , Toru Nishiyama
  • , Yasuto Yagi
  • , Ryo Namitome
  • , Kazuhito Toya
  • , Naoyoshi Koike
  • , Kayo Yoshida
  • , Kenichi Tabata
  • , Hideyasu Tsumura
  • , Masaki Kimura
  • , Hiromichi Ishiyama
  • , Shouko Kotani
  • , Nobumichi Tanaka
  • , Hideaki Kondo
  • , Kiyohide Fujimoto
  • , Masatoshi Hasegawa
  • , Tetsuro Tamamoto
  • , Isao Asakawa
  • , Shuji Nishizawa
  • , Iwao Hashida
  • , Yutaka Takezawa
  • , Kousaku Harada
  • , Susumu Tanji
  • , Kensuke Sato
  • , Tomohiko Matsuura
  • , Hisanori Ariga
  • , Shigeru Ehara
  • , Ryuji Nakamura
  • , Masahiro Nakano
  • , Shinya Hayashi
  • , Kazuhiro Ohtakara
  • , Kazunori Kihara
  • , Keiji Hayashi
  • , Keisei Okamoto
  • , Keizen Sho
  • , Naoaki Kono
  • , Koji Okihara
  • , Kana Kobayashi
  • , Kensuke Betsuku
  • , Norihisa Katayama
  • , Mitsuhiro Takemoto
  • , Susumu Kanazawa
  • , Mai Miyakubo
  • , Hiroyuki Kato
  • , Haruhisa Noda
  • , Junichi Nagashima
  • , Toru Harabayashi
  • , Satoshi Nagamori
  • , Noriaki Nishiyama
  • , Mikiro Kanemura
  • , Takashi Aruga
  • , Tomoharu Fukumori
  • , Shunsuke Furutani
  • , Shuji Kotoh
  • , Hiroshi Masumoto
  • , Takenari Yamasaki
  • , Kiyotaka Kawashima
  • , Koichi Inoue
  • , Akio Matsubara
  • , Jun Teishima
  • , Masahiro Kenjo
  • , Katsuyoshi Hashine
  • , Katsunori Tatsugami
  • , Kentaro Kuroiwa
  • , Junichi Inokuchi
  • , Saiji Ohga
  • , Katsumasa Nakamura
  • , Tomonari Sasaki
  • , Taro Shuin
  • , Shinji Kariya
  • , Kenta Miki
  • , Hiroshi Sasaki
  • , Masahito Kido
  • , Junji Yonese
  • , Takuyo Kozuka
  • , Masahiro Sumura
  • , Nobue Uchida
  • , Masashi Morita
  • , Yoshio Ogawa
  • , Kenji Hamada
  • , Yasutomo Nakai
  • , Yasuo Yoshioka
  • , Hideki Sakai
  • , Nobuyuki Hayashi
  • , Naoya Masumori
  • , Masakazu Hori
  • , Masaru Hasumi
  • , Shigehiro Kudo
  • , Hiroji Uemura
  • , Narihiko Hayashi
  • , Futoshi Sano
  • , Ichiro Ogino
  • , Akira Ishikawa
  • , Kenshiro Shiraishi
  • , Osamu Muraishi
  • , Naoki Nakamura
  • , Ryoichi Shiroki
  • , Fumitaka Ito
  • , Susumu Tomioka
  • , Sayako Ohta
  • , Osamu Yokoyama
  • , Hiroki Shioura
  • , Takaya Hioka
  • , Keishiro Suzuki
  • , Yukio Kageyama
  • , Yoshihiro Saito
  • , Tadahiko Kikugawa
  • , Atsushi Nishikawa
  • , Hirohiko Nagata
  • , Akitomo Sugawara
  • , Shigenari Kawakita
  • , Yoshiko Shiga
  • , Tetsuo Momma
  •  & Shoji Yamashita

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kazuto Ito.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

Kazuto Ito received honoraria from Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, AstraZeneca and Astellas. Shiro Saito received honoraria from Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, AstraZeneca, and Astellas and received grant support from Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, AstraZeneca, and Astellas. None of the remaining authors has conflicts of interest that could be perceived as prejudicing the impartiality of the research reported and none has any financial support from industrial companies that are related with this research.

Additional information

Investigators in the Japanese Prostate Cancer Outcome Study of Permanent Iodine-125 Seed Implantation (J-POPS) are listed in the Supplementary Appendix.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary material 1 (DOC 49 KB)

Supplementary material 2 (PDF 190 KB)

Figure S1

. Study flow diagram in the J-POPS (cohort 1) (PDF 311 KB)

Figure S2

. Biochemical relapse-free rate (bRFR) based on the Phoenix and the J-POPS definitions (PDF 338 KB)

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Ito, K., Saito, S., Yorozu, A. et al. Nationwide Japanese Prostate Cancer Outcome Study of Permanent Iodine-125 Seed Implantation (J-POPS): first analysis on survival. Int J Clin Oncol 23, 1148–1159 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10147-018-1309-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10147-018-1309-0

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