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  • Articles  (52)
  • 1
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    Elsevier
    Publication Date: 2018-05-25
    Description: Publication date: June 2018 Source: Water Resources and Industry, Volume 19
    Electronic ISSN: 2212-3717
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2018-03-30
    Description: Publication date: June 2018 Source: Water Resources and Industry, Volume 19 Author(s): Shahjalal Khandaker, Yusaku Toyohara, Seiya Kamida, Takahiro Kuba In this study, the air oxidized bamboo charcoal (BC) was investigated for cesium (Cs) adsorption from aqueous solution. The physicochemical properties of the adsorbent were evaluated systematically using the different techniques including BET, FESEM, FTIR, XPS and also the pHpzc value. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to determine the effect of contact time, solution pH, initial Cs concentrations, temperature and also the presence of competitive ions on adsorption. The adsorption kinetic parameters confirmed the better fitting of pseudo-second order kinetic model. The isotherm data could be well described by the Langmuir isotherm model and the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity was 55.25 mg g −1 . The high specific surface area and the porous structure with some acidic functional groups on the surface were obviously responsible for high Cs adsorption onto oxidized-BC. Thermodynamic parameters such as standard enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy were evaluated and it had been found that the adsorption process was favorable, spontaneous and endothermic in nature. In the competitive ions study, the presence of Na and K with their concentrations up to 12 mM did not strongly affect the removal of Cs by oxidized-BC. Therefore, the experimental results suggested that the oxidized-BC could be used as an effective adsorbent for significant Cs removal from aqueous solution considering the high adsorption capacity, short adsorption time and selective removal of Cs ions.
    Electronic ISSN: 2212-3717
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2018-03-30
    Description: Publication date: June 2018 Source: Water Resources and Industry, Volume 19 Author(s): Richard P. Taylor, Clifford L.W. Jones, Mark Laing, Joanna Dames Brewery effluent (BE) needs to be treated before it can be released into the environment, reused or used in down-stream activities. This study demonstrated that anaerobic digestion (AD) followed by treatment in an integrated tertiary effluent treatment system transformed BE into a suitable solution for crop irrigation. Brewery effluent can be used to improve crop yields: Cabbage ( Brassica oleracea cv. Star 3301), grew significantly larger when irrigated with post-AD, post-primary-facultative-pond (PFP) effluent, compared with those irrigated with post-constructed-wetland (CW) effluent or tap water only (p 〈 0.0001). However, cabbage yield when grown using BE was 13% lower than that irrigated with a nutrient-solution and fresh water; the electrical conductivity of BE (3019.05 ± 48.72 µs/cm 2 ) may have been responsible for this. Post-CW and post-high-rate-algal-pond (HRAP) BE was least suitable due to their higher conductivity and lower nutrient concentration. After three months, soils irrigated with post-AD and post-PFP BE had a significantly higher sodium concentration and sodium adsorption ratio (3919 ± 94.77 & 8.18 ± 0.17 mg/kg) than soil irrigated with a commercial nutrient-solution (920.58 ± 27.46 & 2.20 ± 0.05 mg/kg). However, this was not accompanied by a deterioration in the soil's hydro-physical properties, nor a change in the metabolic community structure of the soil. The benefits of developing this nutrient and water resource could contribute to cost-reductions at the brewery, more efficient water, nutrient and energy management, and job creation. Future studies should investigate methods to reduce the build-up of salt in the soil when treated BE is used to irrigate crops.
    Electronic ISSN: 2212-3717
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2017-12-16
    Description: Publication date: Available online 14 December 2017 Source: Water Resources and Industry Author(s): TA Ayandiran, OO Fawole, SO Dahunsi This study was aimed at establishing a water quality database in the study area where none existed previously. Samples were taken from two different sites of River Oluwa, South-Western Nigeria. Physicochemical and biological factors and the metals for one year (April, 2011 to March, 2012) were evaluated using standard methods. All the physical parameters of the water samples from the two sampling Sites did not show deviations from Nigeria Industrial Standard (NIS) for permissible levels of these parameters in drinking water. Virtually all heavy metals investigated deviated from the permissible levels allowed by NIS, and WHO standards in drinking water. In the same vein, all chemical parameters investigated during the dry season was significantly different from rainy season except for BOD at P〈0.05. Isolated microorganisms include members of the genera Bacillus, Micrococcus, Pseudomonas, Streptococcus, Proteus and Staphylococcus . The public health implications of consuming water from this river are fully discussed.
    Electronic ISSN: 2212-3717
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2017-12-12
    Description: Publication date: Available online 10 December 2017 Source: Water Resources and Industry Author(s): Cecilia Polizzi, Felipe Alatriste-Mondragón, Giulio Munz In this study, batch tests on anaerobic digestion of tannery fleshing (skin-residue waste from hides’ tanning process), as sole substrate, have been performed with the purpose of assessing the effects of high substrate concentration and consequent ammonia inhibition on the process. Co-digestion with tannery primary sludge was also evaluated. According to the results, no inhibition occurred at initial organic load up to 5 gVS/l; an inhibited steady state was observed at 10 gVS/l, and system failure and instability was showed at the highest load of 20gVS/l. Co-digestion with tannery primary sludge proved feasible, probably due to dilution effect. The observed ammonia and VFA accumulation over the experimental time-lapse is also discussed. Results are intended to increase knowledge on the technological application of anaerobic digestion of sole tannery fleshing, in the perspective of its application as on-site treatment solution for decentralised tanneries.
    Electronic ISSN: 2212-3717
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2017-11-12
    Description: Publication date: Available online 11 November 2017 Source: Water Resources and Industry Author(s): P.W. Gerbens-Leenes, A.Y. Hoekstra, R. Bosman Numerous studies have been published on water footprints (WFs) of agricultural products, but much less on WFs of industrial products. The latter are often composed of various basic materials. Already the basic materials follow from a chain of processes, each with its specific water consumption (blue WF) and pollution (grey WF). We assess blue and grey WFs of five construction materials: chromium-nickel unalloyed steel, unalloyed steel, Portland cement (CEM I), Portland composite cement (CEM II/B) and soda-lime glass. Blue and grey WFs are added up along production chains, following life cycle inventory and WF accounting procedures. Steel, cement and glass have WFs dominated by grey WFs, that are 20 to 220 times larger than the blue WFs. For steel, critical pollutants are cadmium, copper and mercury; for cement, these are mercury or cadmium; for glass, suspended solids. Blue WFs of steel, cement and glass are mostly related to electricity use.
    Electronic ISSN: 2212-3717
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 7
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Elsevier
    Publication Date: 2017-11-10
    Description: Publication date: December 2017 Source: Water Resources and Industry, Volume 18
    Electronic ISSN: 2212-3717
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2017-11-09
    Description: Publication date: Available online 7 November 2017 Source: Water Resources and Industry Author(s): Erica Pensini, Roy van Lier, Fabrice Cuoq, Wolfgang Hater, Tobias Halthur The use of recycled process water in steam crackers leads to the accumulation of corrosive impurities, hence the need for adequate treatment. Two corrosion inhibitor formulations containing N-[(9Z)−9-octadecen-1-yl]−1,3-propanediamine ( N -oleyl-1,3-propanediamine) with either cyclohexanamine (CHA) or 2-(diethylamino)ethanol (DEAE) were compared for their performance. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and visual observations showed that the two formulations offered comparable protection against corrosion. Bengal Rose testing and experiments conducted using a quartz-crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) indicated that the two formulations yielded similar coverage of the metal surfaces, and that the kinetics of mass adsorption were also similar. QCM-D data further suggested that the films formed with the two formulations had similar rigidity, and contact angle measurements indicated that they formed films with comparable hydrophobicity, which were equally effective in isolating the metal surfaces from water. Graphical abstract
    Electronic ISSN: 2212-3717
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2017-10-17
    Description: Publication date: Available online 16 October 2017 Source: Water Resources and Industry Author(s): Yan Lu, Hongwen Xu, Yuexiang Wang, Yang Yang There is abundant rainfall in Huaihe River Basin as a land flowing with milk and honey, however it is also one of the high incidence areas with flood disaster. As a core city in Huaihe River Basin, Huai'an was selected for the study on carrying capacity of water environment from 2005 to 2014 using a method of analytic hierarchy process (AHP). And the paper combined water environment condition with the characteristics of regional socio-economy and environment in Huaihe River Basin. The results showed that water environment carrying capacity appeared an upward tendency. In three index layers, social factors had significant impact on the carrying capacity of water environment, and their changes were relatively consistent, total population, urbanization rate and residents living water were major constraints to water environment carrying capacity in Huai'an City.
    Electronic ISSN: 2212-3717
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2017-09-15
    Description: Publication date: Available online 14 September 2017 Source: Water Resources and Industry Author(s): Riccardo Boero, Donatella Pasqualini Designing policies for water systems management requires the capability to assess the economic impacts of water availability and to effectively couple water withdrawals by human activities with natural hydrologic dynamics. At the core of any scientific approach to these issues there is the estimation of water withdrawals by industrial sectors in the form of water coefficients, which are measurements of the quantity of water withdrawn per dollar of GDP or output. In this work we focus on the contiguous United States and on the estimation of water coefficients for regional scale analyses. We first compare an established methodology for the estimation of national water coefficients with a parametric one we propose. Second, we introduce a method to estimate water coefficients at the level of ecological regions and we discuss how they reduce possible biases in regional analyses of water systems. We conclude discussing advantages and limits of regional water coefficients.
    Electronic ISSN: 2212-3717
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Published by Elsevier
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