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1
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Active tectonics of the southeastern Upper Rhine Graben, Freiburg area (Germany) (2008)
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In: Quaternary science reviews, Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier, 1982, 27(2008), 5/6, Seite 541-555, 0277-3791
In: volume:27
In: year:2008
In: number:5/6
In: pages:541-555
Type of Medium: Online Resource
ISSN: 0277-3791
DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2007.11.018
Language: English
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  • 2
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    "PALEOVAN", International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP) : site survey results and perspectives (2009)
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    In: Quaternary science reviews, Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier, 1982, 28(2009), 15/16, Seite 1555-1567, 0277-3791
    In: volume:28
    In: year:2009
    In: number:15/16
    In: pages:1555-1567
    Description / Table of Contents: Lake Van is the fourth largest terminal lake in the world (volume 607 km3, area 3570 km2, maximum depth 460 m), extending for 130 km WSWENE on the Eastern Anatolian High Plateau, Turkey. The sedimentary record of Lake Van, partly laminated, has the potential to obtain a long and continuous continental sequence that covers several glacialinterglacial cycles (ca 500 kyr). Therefore, Lake Van is a key site within the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP) for the investigation of the Quaternary climate evolution in the Near East (‘PALEOVAN’). As preparation for an ICDP drilling campaign, a site survey was carried out during the past years. We collected 50 seismic profiles with a total length of ~850 km to identify continuous undisturbed sedimentary sequences for potential ICDP locations. Based on the seismic results, we cored 10 different locations to water depths of up to 420 m. Multidisciplinary scientific work at positions of a proposed ICDP drill site included measurements of magnetic susceptibility, physical properties, stable isotopes, XRF scans, and pollen and spores. This core extends back to the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), a more extended record than all the other Lake Van cores obtained to date. Both coring and seismic data do not show any indication that the deepest part of the lake (Tatvan Basin, Ahlat Ridge) was dry or almost dry during past times. These results show potential for obtaining a continuous undisturbed, long continental palaeoclimate record. In addition, this paper discusses the potential of "PALEOVAN" to establish new results on the dynamics of lake level fluctuations, noble gas concentration in pore water of the lake sediment, history of volcanism and volcanic activities based on tephrostratigraphy, and paleoseismic and earthquake activities.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: Ill., graph. Darst
    ISSN: 0277-3791
    DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.03.002
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    An 85-ka record of climate change in lowland Central America (2008)
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    In: Quaternary science reviews, Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier, 1982, 27(2008), 11/12, Seite 1152-1165, 0277-3791
    In: volume:27
    In: year:2008
    In: number:11/12
    In: pages:1152-1165
    Description / Table of Contents: Drill cores obtained from Lake Petén Itzá, Petén, Guatemala, contain a ̃85-kyr record of terrestrial climate from lowland Central America that was used to reconstruct hydrologic changes in the northern Neotropics during the last glaciation. Sediments are composed of alternating clay and gypsum reflecting relatively wet and dry climate conditions, respectively. From ̃85 to 48 ka, sediments were dominated by carbonate clay indicating moist conditions during Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 5a, 4, and early 3. The first gypsum layer was deposited at ̃48 ka, signifying a shift toward drier hydrologic conditions and the onset of wet-dry oscillations. During the latter part of MIS 3, Petén climate varied between wetter conditions during interstadials and drier states during stadials. The pattern of clay-gypsum (wet-dry) oscillations during the latter part of MIS 3 ( ̃48-23 ka) closely resembles the temperature records from Greenland ice cores and North Atlantic marine sediment cores and precipitation proxies from the Cariaco Basin. The most arid periods coincided with Heinrich Events when cold sea surface temperatures prevailed in the North Atlantic, meridional overturning circulation was reduced, and the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) was displaced southward. A thick clay unit was deposited from 23 to 18 ka suggesting deposition in a deep lake, and pollen accumulated during the same period indicates vegetation consisted of a temperate pine-oak forest. This finding contradicts previous inferences that climate was arid during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) chronozone (21±2 ka). At ̃18 ka, Petén climate switched from moist to arid conditions and remained dry from 18 to 14.7 ka during the early deglaciation. Moister conditions prevailed during the warmer BollingAllerod (14.7-12.8 ka) with the exception of a brief return to dry conditions at ̃13.8 ka that coincides with the Older Dryas and meltwater pulse 1A. The onset of the Younger Dryas at 12.8 ka marked the return of gypsum and hence dry conditions. The lake continued to precipitate gypsum until ̃10.3 ka when rainfall increased markedly in the early Holocene.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0277-3791
    DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2008.02.008
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    Submarine end moraines on the continental shelf off NE Greenland implications for Lateglacial dynamics (2010)
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    In: Quaternary science reviews, Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier, 1982, 29(2010), 9/10, Seite 1069-1077, 0277-3791
    In: volume:29
    In: year:2010
    In: number:9/10
    In: pages:1069-1077
    Description / Table of Contents: Favourable sea-ice conditions gave way to an acoustic survey offshore NE Greenland during RV Polarstern ARK-XXIV/3 leg in 2009. The acquired data set clearly depicts sediment ridges in an area of app. 18 × 9 km. The ridges are found in water depths between 270 and 350 m. The sediment ridges are 2.5-9 km long, 50-250 m wide and 5-25 m high. In profile, most of these ridges are characterized by steep slopes towards Northwest and gentle slopes towards Southeast. Their internal structure, imaged by parametric echo-sounding data, shows that they are positive sedimentation features rather than erosive remnant structures. Arcuate shape, joint orientation and position on a basal till are indicative for end moraines. Because they are positioned within the Westwind Trough on a basal till that extends further east, we consider these ridges end moraines of the Westwind ice stream reported by Evans et al. (2009), Marine geophysical evidence for former expansion and flow of the Greenland Ice Sheet across the north-east Greenland continental shelf. Journal of Quaternary Science (2008), doi: 10.1002/jqs.1231.). Based on our hydro-acoustic data, we interpret these end moraines to be formed by short-lived re-advances during an overall recession of the ice margin. However, they could also be deposited during halts of the grounding line (comparable to De Geer moraines) though their morphological characteristics are slightly different from most published De Geer moraines. The ages for the moraine deposition can be inferred from a thin sedimentary drape indicating timing between Lateglacial and early Holocene. This set of end moraines is direct evidence for a dynamic behaviour of the marine-based ice stream during the last deglaciation on the NE Greenland shelf.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: graph. Darst
    ISSN: 0277-3791
    DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.02.002
    Language: English
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