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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microwave detected, microwave-optical double resonance of NH3, NH2D, NHD2, and ND3. I. Structure and force field of the A˜ state (1995)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 102 (1995), S. 4772-4782 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Microwave detected, microwave-optical double resonance was used to record the A˜ state electronic spectrum of NH3, NH2D, and NHD2 with both vibrational and rotational resolution. To investigate ND3 with the same resolution as we had with our hydrogen containing isotopomers, a strip-line cell was constructed allowing the simultaneous passage of radio-frequency and ultraviolet radiation. Rotational constants were obtained as a function of ν2 excitation and an A˜ state equilibrium bond length was estimated at 1.055(8) A(ring). In addition, the harmonic force field for the A˜ state has been experimentally determined. fhh, fαα−fαα', and frr were found to be 1.06(4) aJ/A(ring)2, 0.25(2) aJ, and 4.9 aJ/A(ring)2, respectively. This calculated harmonic force field predicts that the asymmetry observed in the NH3 24 band is due to a strong anharmonic interaction with the 43 level and the broad feature observed in the dispersed fluorescence spectrum previously assigned to the 11 band is more likely attributable to the 42 level. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.469525
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microwave detected, microwave-optical double resonance of NH3, NH2D, NHD2, and ND3. II. Predissociation dynamics of the A˜ state (1995)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 102 (1995), S. 4783-4792 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Using microwave detected, microwave-optical double resonance, we have measured the homogeneous linewidths of individual rovibrational transitions in the A˜ state of NH3, NH2D, NHD2, and ND3. We have used this excited state spectroscopic data to characterize the height of the dissociation barrier and the mechanisms by which the molecule uses its excess vibrational and rotational energies to help overcome this barrier. To interpret the observed vibronic widths, a one dimensional, local mode potential has been developed along a N–H(D) bond. These calculations suggest the barrier height is roughly 2100 cm−1, approximately 1000 cm−1 below the ab initio prediction. The observed vibronic dependence of levels containing two or more quanta in ν2 is explained by a Fermi resonance between 2ν2 and the N–H(D) stretch. This interaction also explains the observed trends due to isotopic substitution. The rotational enhancement of the predissociation rates in the NH3 21 level is dominated by Coriolis coupling while for the same level in ND3, centrifugal effects dominate. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.469526
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The case of the troubling doubling. Isoatisine and 19-epiisoatisine from the Chinese herb guan-bai-fu (Aconitum koreanum) (1987)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of organic chemistry 52 (1987), S. 5051-5053 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6904
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo00231a047
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rescue of embryonic lethality in Mdm4 -null mice by loss of Trp53 suggests a nonoverlapping pathway with MDM2 to regulate p53 (2001)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature genetics 29 (2001), S. 92-95 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] The p53 protein can inhibit cell cycling or induce apoptosis, and is thus a critical regulator of tumorigenesis. This protein is negatively regulated by a physical interaction with MDM2, an E3 ubiquitin ligase. This interaction is critical for cell viability; loss of Mdm2 causes cell death in vitro ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng714
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental observation of the quantum Hall effect and Berry's phase in graphene (2005)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 438 (2005), S. 201-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] When electrons are confined in two-dimensional materials, quantum-mechanically enhanced transport phenomena such as the quantum Hall effect can be observed. Graphene, consisting of an isolated single atomic layer of graphite, is an ideal realization of such a two-dimensional system. However, ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature04235
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cellular immunosuppression in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Effect of consolidation chemotherapy (1992)
    Springer
    Cancer immunology immunotherapy 35 (1992), S. 271-276 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Keywords: Immunosuppression ; Chemotherapy ; Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The present study was designed to evaluate the chemotherapy-induced cellular immunosuppression in 20 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in remission and receiving maintenance chemotherapy. Peripheral blood was serially obtained from leukemic children during vincristine/cyclophosphamide/6-mercaptopurine/prednisone combined consolidation chemotherapy. The mean absolute number of peripheral blood lymphocytes as well as the mean absolute numbers of lymphocyte subsets (T cells, T cell subsets, B cells, and natural killer cells) from leukemic children before consolidation chemotherapy were all significantly lower than in control subjects; however, the percentages of lymphocyte subsets were similar in both groups. After consolidation chemotherapy, the percentages of CD4+ T lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells were significantly decreased and the percentages of monocytes and CD8+ T lymphocytes were significantly increased. Phytohemagglutinin- and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced production of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and NK-cell-mediated cytotoxic activity by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were also substantially decreased in the post-therapy groups. NK activity correlated with the percentage of NK cells in PBMC. In contrast, OK432-induced production of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and killer activity against NK-resistant target cells were significantly increased after therapy as compared with the pre-therapy and control groups. TNFα production correlated with the percentage of monocytes in PBMC. These results demonstrate that substantial quantitative and qualitative chemotherapy-induced abnormalities of the cellular immune system are present in the majority of patients treated with ALL. It is also suggested that the increased TNFα production by monocytes and the appearance of potent killing activity against NK-resistant targets might compensate for the defects of IL-2 production and NK activity during intensive consolidation chemotherapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01789334
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition of interleukin-2 receptor (CD25) expression induced on T cells from children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (1997)
    Springer
    Cancer immunology immunotherapy 44 (1997), S. 41-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Keywords: Key words Interleukin-2 receptor ; Protein kinase C ; Acute lymphoblastic leukemia ; Immunosuppression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Peripheral blood lymphocytes obtained from children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) at onset were studied for the expression of interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor α-chain (CD25) by two-color flow-cytometric analysis. Stimulated with anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (mAb) alone, CD25 expression was significantly suppressed in CD4+ T cells from 27 of 48 (56.3%) cases and in CD8+ T cells from 29 of 48 (60.4%) cases. When stimulated with anti-CD3 mAb plus phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), CD25 expression was clearly restored in certain cases of ALL. When PMA plus ionomycin were used for stimulation of T cells, CD25 was inducible in a majority of cases. Interestingly CD25 expression upon anti-CD3 mAb stimulation was recovered after complete remission had been achieved. These observations suggest the presence in ALL children at onset of an in vitro defect in the signal transduction pathway of the T-cell-receptor/CD3 complex, resulting in inefficient CD25 expression. However, immune-staining analysis indicated that protein kinase C was normally translocated from the cytosol fraction to the cell membrane fraction. The mobilization of cytoplasmic free calcium is also normal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002620050353
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metal-hydroxycarboxylate interactions: syntheses and structures of K2[VO2(C6H6O7)]2·4H2O and (NH4)2[VO2(C6H6O7)]2·2H2O (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 807-811 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Citric acid ; citrate complex ; oxovanadium(V) complex ; vanadate ; molecular structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Potassium and ammonium dimeric (citrato)dioxovanadium(V) hydrate K2[VO2(H2cit)]2·4H2O1 and (NH4)2[VO2(H2cit)]2·2H2O2 (H4cit=citric acid) have been prepared and characterized by X-ray structure analyses. Vanadate1 crystallizes in the monoclinic space groupP21/n (No. 14) with unit cell parameters:a=9.304(2),b=11.756(2),c=11.911(2)Å, β=111.72(3)°, andD c=1.911 g/cm3,Z=2; Vanadate2 also crystallizes in the monoclinic space groupP21/n with unit cell parameters:a=9.719(2),b=11.111(3),c=11.294(2)Å, β=109.03(2)°, andD c=1.781 g/cm3,Z=2. Each dimer contains a centro-symmetric planar four-member V2O2 ring with two exocyclic citrate entities coordinated by the oxygen atoms of the hydroxy-and α-carboxylate ligands, while the other two β-carboxylate groups remain uncomplexed. Principal dimensions of the V−O bonds are 1.986(4)av (hydroxy) and 1.980(3)Å(α-carboxyl) for vanadate1, 1.988(2)av (hydroxy) and 1.974(3)Å(α-carboxyl) for vanadate2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01671075
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Taxus sp. cell, tissue and organ cultures as alternative sources for taxoids production: a literature survey (1996)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 46 (1996), S. 59-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: paclitaxel ; review ; taxoid ; Taxus sp. ; tissue culture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The literature concerning the tissue culture of Taxus sp. as an alternative source for taxoid production is reviewed. The aim of this review is to summarize and discuss the progress achieved with the approaches and methods used for the establishment of various Taxus culture systems, the methods used for the evaluation of taxoid production, the multiple factors which control taxoid production and the feasibility of the in vitro production of taxoids on a commercial scale.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00039697
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enhanced leaf chlorophyll levels in plants treated with seaweed extract (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of applied phycology 8 (1996), S. 535-543 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5176
    Keywords: Ascophyllum nodosum ; betaines ; commercial seaweed extract ; leaf chlorophyll ; soil application
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Application to the soil of an aqueous alkaline extract ofAscophyllum nodosum resulted in higher concentrations of chlorophyll in the leaves of treated plants in comparison to control plants treated with an equivalent volume of water. Positive results were obtained with all species tested (tomato, dwarf French bean, wheat, barley, maize). When the seaweed extract was applied as a foliar spray, similar effects on leaf chlorophyll contents were obtained, except in the case of dwarf French bean plants, for which no significant difference was recorded between test and control plants. When the betaines present in the seaweed extract were applied as a mixture in the same concentrations as those in the diluted seaweed extract (γ-aminobutyric acid betaine 0.96 mg L−1, δ-aminovaleric acid betaine 0.43 mg L−1, glycinebetaine 0.34 mg L−1), very similar leaf chlorophyll levels were recorded for the seaweed extract and betaine treated plants. This suggests strongly that the enhanced leaf chlorophyll content of plants treated with seaweed extract is dependent on the betaines present.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02186333
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