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  • 1
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    Reaction Mechanism and Kinetics for Hydrolytic Dehydrogenation of Ammonia Borane on a Pt/CNT Catalyst (2016)
    Wiley-Blackwell
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    Publikationsdatum: 2016-06-26
    Beschreibung: A reaction mechanism is proposed for hydrolytic dehydrogenation of ammonia borane on a Pt/CNT catalyst. A combination of thermodynamic analysis and FTIR measurement reveals that B-containing byproducts are mainly in the form of an NH 4 B(OH) 4 -B(OH) 3 mixture rather than NH 4 BO 2 reported previously. The revised main reaction is NH 3 BH 3 +4H 2 O NH 4 + +B(OH) 4 - +3H 2 , involving the B-H, B-N and O-H bond cleavages. Isotopic experiments using D 2 O instead of H 2 O as reactant or introducing D 2 into the reaction atmosphere suggest the O-H bond cleavage being in the rate-determining step, and an unfavorable occurrence of the chemisorbed H 2 O dissociation (i.e., the direct O-H bond cleavage), respectively. Different reaction pathways with indirect O-H bond cleavages are analyzed, and then NH 3 BH 2 *+H 2 O* NH 3 BH 2 (OH)*+H* is suggested as the rate-determining step. Subsequently, a Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetic model is developed, which fits well with the experimental data. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 0001-1541
    Digitale ISSN: 1547-5905
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Publiziert von Wiley-Blackwell im Namen von The American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE).
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  • 2
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    Upregulation of Klotho Potentially Inhibits Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling by Blocking the Activation of the Wnt Signaling Pathway in Rats with PM2.5-Induced Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (2018)
    Wiley-Blackwell
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    Publikationsdatum: 2018-01-31
    Beschreibung: ABSTRACT We evaluated the effects of Klotho on pulmonary vascular remodeling and cell proliferation and apoptosis in rat models with PM2.5-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) via the Wnt signaling pathway. After establishing rat models of PM2.5-induced PAH, these Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomized into control and model groups. Cells extracted from the model rats were sub-categorized into different groups. Activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling transcription factor was detected by a TOPFlash/FOPFlash assay. A serial of experiment was conducted to identify the mechanism of Klotho on PHA via the Wnt signaling pathway. VEGF levels and PaCO 2 content were higher in the model group, while PaO 2, NO 2 - /NO 3 - content and Klotho level was lower compared to the control group. In comparison to the control group, the model group had decreased Klotho and Bax levels, and elevated Wnt-1, β-catenin, bcl-2, survivin and PCNA expression, VEGF, IL-6, TNF-α, TNF-β1 and bFGF levels, as well as the percentage of pulmonary artery ring contraction. The Klotho vector, DKK-1 and DKK-1 + Klotho vector groups exhibited reduced cell proliferation, luciferase activity, and the expression of Wnt-1, β-catenin, bcl-2, survivin and PCNA, as well as shortened S phase compared with the blank and NC groups. Compared with the Klotho vector and DKK-1 groups, the DKK-1 + Klotho vector groups had reduced cell proliferation, luciferase activity, and the expression of Wnt-1, β-catenin, bcl-2, survivin and PCNA, as well as a shortened S phase. Conclusively, Klotho inhibits pulmonary vascular remodeling by inactivation of Wnt signaling pathway. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
    Digitale ISSN: 0091-7419
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Publiziert von Wiley-Blackwell
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  • 3
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    External morphology of trichogramma dendrolimi matsumura (hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) organ and ultrastructure of the sensilla (2012)
    Wiley-Blackwell
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    Publikationsdatum: 2012-07-07
    Beschreibung: In this article, we described the ultrastructure of the sensilla on the antenna, eyes, mouthparts, wings, legs, and external genitalia of female and male Trichogramma dendrolimi using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The antenna possessed the most sensilla types. We found 13 types of sensilla on female antenna, which were trichoid sensilla (TS) type 1-4, chaetica sensilla (ChS) type 1-2, campaniform sensilla (CaS), falcate sensilla, placoid sensilla (PS) type 1-2, basiconic capitate peg sensilla (BCPS) type 1, coeloconic sensilla (CoS), and styloconic sensilla. Ten types of sensilla were found on the male antenna, some were the same as that on female T. dendrolimi antenna, such as TS types 1 and 3, CaS, PS type 1, BCPS type 1, and CoS, but TS types 5 and 6, ChS type 3, and BCPS 2 were specific to male T. dendrolimi antenna. The leg possesses eight types of sensilla and a kind of tympana structure. Four types of TSs were found on the wings. On the mouthparts, sensilla on the maxillary and labial palps were unique, including two TSs and one ChS. The ovipositor possesses three types of sensilla, and the copulatory organ possesses two types. The eyes had only one kind of TS. Furthermore, external morphology of antenna and external genitalia revealed distinct sexual dimorphisms. According to their morphology, the possible functions of these sensilla were discussed. These results may further our understanding of the sensory mechanisms of T. dendrolimi in response to infochemicals within the environment. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
    Print ISSN: 1059-910X
    Digitale ISSN: 1097-0029
    Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft
    Publiziert von Wiley-Blackwell
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  • 4
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    18F-FDG-PET evaluation of treatment response to neo-adjuvant therapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer: A meta-analysis (2012)
    Wiley-Blackwell
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    Publikationsdatum: 2012-04-16
    Beschreibung: The purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the utility of positron emission tomography (PET) using fluor-18-deoxyglucose (FDG) to predict the response of rectal cancer to neo-adjuvant therapy. All previously published studies on the role of FDG-PET in predicting the response of rectal cancer to neo-adjuvant therapy were collected. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated using statistical software. A total of 28 studies, comprising 1204 patients with rectal cancer, were included in the meta-analysis. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV for FDG-PET predicting the response to therapy was 78% (95%CI, 75%-82%), 66% (95%CI, 62%-69%), 70% (95%CI, 66%-73%) and 75% (95%CI, 71%-0.79%), respectively. The included studies were of a relatively high methodological quality according to the QUADAS (Quality Assessment of Studies of Diagnostic Accuracy Included in Systematic Reviews) criteria. Based on the subgroup analyses, there was no significant difference between the response index (RI), the standardised uptake value (SUV) and the visual response score (VRS) in predicting the therapy response. However, the accuracy of the group that underwent PET scanning during therapy showed significantly higher values (sensitivity 86% and specificity 80%) than the group that was scanned after completion of the therapy. Therefore, FDG- PET is valuable for predicting the response of rectal carcinoma to neo-adjuvant therapy, and early evaluation of response during the therapy may be more promising. However, additional studies using prospective clinical trials will be required to assess the clinical benefit of this strategy. © 2012 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Print ISSN: 0020-7136
    Digitale ISSN: 1097-0215
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Publiziert von Wiley-Blackwell
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  • 5
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    Syntheses, Crystal Structures, and Properties of a Salamo-type Tetradentate Chelating Ligand and Its Pentacoordinated Copper(II) Complex (2013)
    Wiley-Blackwell
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    Publikationsdatum: 2013-08-16
    Beschreibung: A Salamo-type ligand 6,6′-diethoxy-2,2′-[1,1′-(ethylenedioxydinitrilo)dimethylidyne]diphenol (H 2 L) and its pentacoordinate copper(II) complex [CuL(H 2 O)] were synthesized and structurally characterized. The molecule of H 2 L is located in a crystallographic inversion center and adopts E configuration with respect to the C=N bond. In the complex [CuL(H 2 O)], the Cu II atom has a tetragonally elongated square-pyramidal configuration with donor atoms N 2 O 2 forming a perfect basal plane. And an infinite 2D layer supramolecular structure is formed through intermolecular C1–H1A ··· O5 and C2–H2A ··· O3 hydrogen bonding interactions.
    Print ISSN: 0044-2313
    Digitale ISSN: 1521-3749
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Publiziert von Wiley-Blackwell
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  • 6
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    Randomized clinical control study of locoregional therapy combined with arsenic trioxide for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (2015)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    In: Cancer
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    Publikationsdatum: 2015-05-30
    Beschreibung: BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy and safety of locoregional therapy (LRT) combined with arsenic trioxide (As 2 O 3 ) treatment in primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. METHODS One hundred twenty-five primary HCC patients were recruited for a randomized controlled study. Patients were randomly divided into group A (n = 61) and group B (n = 64). All patients received transarterial chemoembolization. Group A patients were given As 2 O 3 at 10 mg/d for 4 courses (21 days per course) with a 2-week interval between courses. Survival times, therapeutic responses, extrahepatic metastases, and adverse events were recorded. RESULTS A better therapeutic response was found in group A patients, as shown by higher objective response rate (ORR) and clinical benefit rate (CBR) values in group A versus group B (ORR, 81.96% [95% confidence interval (CI), 72.32%-91.62%] vs 59.37% [95% CI, 47.34%-71.41%], χ 2  = 7.650, P  〈 .05; CBR, 95.08% [95% CI, 89.66%-100.00%] vs 81.25% [95% CI, 71.69%-90.81%], χ 2  = 5.659, P  〈 .05). There were fewer patients with extrahepatic metastases in group A versus group B (group A, 6 cases or 9.84% [95% CI, 2.36%-17.31%]; group B, 12 cases or 18.75% [95% CI, 9.19%-28.31%]). The survival rate for group A patients was significantly higher than that for group B patients ( P  〈 .05). No significant differences were found between the 2 groups in terms of hematology or digestive system, liver, or kidney dysfunction except for facial and limb edema. CONCLUSIONS LRT combined with As 2 O 3 treatment prevents extrahepatic metastasis and prolongs the survival time for primary HCC patients. Cancer 2015. © 2015 American Cancer Society .
    Print ISSN: 0008-543X
    Digitale ISSN: 1097-0142
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Publiziert von Wiley-Blackwell im Namen von The American Cancer Society.
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  • 7
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    Construction and Properties of Two MOFs Based on 2-p-Bromophenyl Imidazole Dicarboxylate (2015)
    Wiley-Blackwell
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    Publikationsdatum: 2015-02-24
    Beschreibung: To further explore the coordination ability of an multi-functional ligand 2-( p -bromophenyl)-1 H -imidazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid ( p -BrPhH 3 IDC), two metal-organic frameworks [Mn(μ 2 - p -BrPhH 2 IDC) 2 ] n ( I ) and {[Pb(μ 2 - p -BrPhH 2 IDC) 2 ] · H 2 O} n ( II ) were synthesized under hydro(solvo)thermal conditions and structurally characterized by elemental analyses, IR spectroscsopy, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Polymer I shows a 2D sheet structure. In polymer II , 1D octagonal channels are connected by the organic ligands to form a 3D architecture. Furthermore, the thermal characteristics of the two polymers and the coordination features of p -BrPhH 3 IDC were investigated.
    Print ISSN: 0044-2313
    Digitale ISSN: 1521-3749
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Publiziert von Wiley-Blackwell
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  • 8
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    TRAF6 participates in early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats through inhibiting autophagy and promoting oxidative stress (2017)
    Wiley-Blackwell
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    Publikationsdatum: 2017-05-26
    Beschreibung: Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) is a member of the TRAF family and an important multifunctional intracellular adaptin of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily and toll/IL-1 receptor (TIR) superfamily. TRAF6 has been studied in several central nervous system (CNS) diseases, including ischemic stroke, traumatic brain injury and neurodegenerative diseases, but its role in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) has not been fully illustrated. This study was designed to explore changes of expression level and potential roles and mechanisms of TRAF6 in early brain injury (EBI) after SAH by using a Sprague–Dawley rat model of SAH induced in 0.3 ml non-heparinized autologous arterial blood injected into the prechiasmatic cistern. First, compared with the sham group, we found that the expression levels of TRAF6 increased gradually and peaked at 24 h after SAH. Second, the results showed that application of TRAF6 overexpression plasmid and genetic silencing siRNA could increase or decrease expression of TRAF6, respectively, and severely exacerbate or relieve EBI after SAH, including neuronal death, brain edema, and blood brain barrier (BBB) injury. Meanwhile, the levels of autophagy and oxidative stress were reduced and increased separately. Finally, GFP-TRAF6-C70A, which is a TRAF6 mutant that lacks E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, was used to explore the mechanism of TRAF6 in SAH, and the results showed that EBI and oxidative stress were reduced, but the levels of autophagy were increased under this condition. Collectively, these results indicated that TRAF6 affected the degree of EBI after SAH by inhibiting autophagy and promoting oxidative stress. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 0022-3042
    Digitale ISSN: 1471-4159
    Thema: Medizin
    Publiziert von Wiley-Blackwell im Namen von The International Society for Neurochemistry.
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  • 9
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    Promotion of Cell Growth and Adhesion of a Peptide Hydrogel Scaffold via mTOR/Cadherin Signaling (2017)
    Wiley-Blackwell
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    Publikationsdatum: 2017-02-19
    Beschreibung: Understanding neurite outgrowth, orientation, and migration is important for the design of biomaterials that interface with the neural tissue. However, the molecular signaling alternations have not been well elucidated to explain the impact of hydrogels on cell morphology. In our previous studies, a silk fibroin peptide (SF16) hydrogel was found to be an effective matrix for the viability, morphology and proliferation of PC12 rat pheocrhomocytoma cells. We found that PC12 cells in the peptide hydrogel exhibited adhesive morphology compared to those cultured in agarose or collagen. Moreover, we identified that cell adhesion molecules (E- and N-cadherin) controlled by mTOR signaling were highly induced in PC12 cells cultured in the SF16 peptide hydrogel. Our findings suggest that the SF16 peptide might be suitable to be a cell-adhesion material in cell culture or tissue engineering, and mTOR/cadherin signaling is required for the cell adhesion in the SF16-peptide hydrogel. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
    Digitale ISSN: 1097-4652
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Publiziert von Wiley-Blackwell
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  • 10
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    RIG-I antiviral signaling drives interleukin-23 production and psoriasis-like skin disease (2017)
    Wiley-Blackwell
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    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-05
    Beschreibung: Retinoic acid inducible-gene I (RIG-I) functions as one of the major sensors of RNA viruses. DDX58 , which encodes the RIG-I protein, has been newly identified as a susceptibility gene in psoriasis. Here, we show that the activation of RIG-I by 5′ppp-dsRNA, its synthetic ligand, directly causes the production of IL-23 and triggers psoriasis-like skin disease in mice. Repeated injections of IL-23 to the ears failed to induce IL-23 production and a full psoriasis-like skin phenotype, in either germ-free or RIG-I-deficient mice. RIG-I is also critical for a full development of skin inflammation in imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis-like mouse model. Furthermore, RIG-I-mediated endogenous IL-23 production was mainly confined to the CD11c + dendritic cells (DCs) via nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling, and stimulated RIG-I expression in an auto-regulatory feedback loop. Thus, our data suggest that the dysregulation in the antiviral immune responses of hosts through the innate pattern recognition receptors may trigger the skin inflammatory conditions in the pathophysiology of psoriasis. In predisposed individuals, virus infection triggers TLR-7/8 and/or RIG-I signaling, subsequently induces IL-23 in CD11c + DCs and mutations in certain genes resulting in impaired regulation of NF-κB proinflammatory activity, thereby leading to psoriasis.
    Print ISSN: 1757-4676
    Digitale ISSN: 1757-4684
    Thema: Medizin
    Publiziert von Wiley-Blackwell im Namen von The European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO).
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