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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Disappearance of Pacific Water in the northwestern Fram Strait : DISAPPEARANCE OF PACIFIC WATER
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2005
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters Vol. 32, No. 14 ( 2005-07-28), p. n/a-n/a
    Details
    In: Geophysical Research Letters, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 32, No. 14 ( 2005-07-28), p. n/a-n/a
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0094-8276
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2005GL023400
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2005
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 7403-2
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Variability in the Greenland Sea as revealed by a repeated high spatial resolution conductivity‐temperature‐depth survey
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1993
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans Vol. 98, No. C6 ( 1993-06-15), p. 9985-10000
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 98, No. C6 ( 1993-06-15), p. 9985-10000
    Abstract: This paper deals with the mesoscale variability of water masses in the Greenland Sea and its implications for bottom water formation. The results are based on two conductivity‐temperature‐depth surveys performed in successive years. The same section in the central Greenland Basin was sampled in 1989 and 1990; an additional transect across Fram Strait was carried out in 1990. The transects extended from shelf to shelf with a station spacing of 18 km throughout. The data set reveals a surprisingly strong horizontal variability of space scales between 20 and 60 km in the entire Greenland Sea, not only in the frontal zones. The area investigated is subdivided into four hydrographical regimes for which mesoscale variability is discussed in detail. A noteworthy result is the major change of the deep‐sea thermal structure within 1 year. The classical pattern with upward doming cold waters in the central basin was found in 1989 but was replaced by a “capped” structure with a warm intermediate layer in 1990. The implications of the observed changes are discussed with respect to deep water formation. A mechanism, based on differential compressibility, is proposed which is able to introduce negative heat input selectively into the bottom layer. It is shown that the fine structure of temperature profiles observed in summer can be used as a tracer for the occurrence of deep convection during the preceding winter. Convective depths are concluded of about 2200 m for 1989 and of only about 250 m for 1990.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/93JC00142
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1993
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016813-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016810-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403298-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016800-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161666-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161667-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2969341-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161665-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094268-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 710256-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016804-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094181-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094219-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094167-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2220777-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094197-0
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Winter convective events and bottom water warming in the Greenland Sea
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1998
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans Vol. 103, No. C9 ( 1998-08-15), p. 18513-18527
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 103, No. C9 ( 1998-08-15), p. 18513-18527
    Abstract: From observations on yearly cruises to the central Greenland Sea between 1993 and 1996, conclusions are drawn with respect to winter convection and bottom water renewal. The data indicate that winter convection was extremely weak after 1993, not even ventilating the intermediate waters. This is remarkable, since the salinities in the upper layers increased considerably between 1993 and 1995, thus providing presumably favorable conditions for winter convection. With the absence of deep reaching winter convective events, the temperatures in the deeper waters of the Greenland Gyre increased steadily by about 0.03 K between 1993 and 1996. We conclude from the development of mainly the thermal structure on a zonal transect that an explanation for the temperature increase can be given by a large‐scale downward water movement of about 150 m/yr in the central Greenland Sea. The data indicate that this process is independent of changes in the dynamically induced density distribution. It is therefore possible that a downward movement, perhaps masked by other processes, may continue for many years. If this is the case, resulting flushing times would be of the order of 20–30 years only. The presence of a large‐scale circulation cell with downward movement in the central Greenland Gyre would explain the observed warming of the bottom waters without the demand for an actually active heat source. It is also in accordance with the observed increase of chemical tracer concentrations in the deep waters.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/98JC01563
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1998
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161667-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2969341-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161665-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094268-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 710256-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016804-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094181-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094219-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094167-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2220777-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094197-0
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Enhanced Modern Heat Transfer to the Arctic by Warm Atlantic Water
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) ; 2011
    In:  Science Vol. 331, No. 6016 ( 2011-01-28), p. 450-453
    Details
    In: Science, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), Vol. 331, No. 6016 ( 2011-01-28), p. 450-453
    Abstract: The Arctic is responding more rapidly to global warming than most other areas on our planet. Northward-flowing Atlantic Water is the major means of heat advection toward the Arctic and strongly affects the sea ice distribution. Records of its natural variability are critical for the understanding of feedback mechanisms and the future of the Arctic climate system, but continuous historical records reach back only ~150 years. Here, we present a multidecadal-scale record of ocean temperature variations during the past 2000 years, derived from marine sediments off Western Svalbard (79°N). We find that early–21st-century temperatures of Atlantic Water entering the Arctic Ocean are unprecedented over the past 2000 years and are presumably linked to the Arctic amplification of global warming.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0036-8075 , 1095-9203
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1126/science.1197397
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2011
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2060783-0
    SSG: 11
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Pathways of methane in seawater: Plume spreading in an Arctic shelf environment (SW-Spitsbergen)
    Elsevier BV ; 2005
    In:  Continental Shelf Research Vol. 25, No. 12-13 ( 2005-8), p. 1453-1472
    Details
    In: Continental Shelf Research, Elsevier BV, Vol. 25, No. 12-13 ( 2005-8), p. 1453-1472
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0278-4343
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.csr.2005.03.003
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2005
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2025704-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 780256-0
    SSG: 13
    SSG: 14
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Distribution and exchange of water masses in the Northeast Water polynya (Greenland Sea)
    Elsevier BV ; 1997
    In:  Journal of Marine Systems Vol. 10, No. 1-4 ( 1997-1), p. 123-138
    Details
    In: Journal of Marine Systems, Elsevier BV, Vol. 10, No. 1-4 ( 1997-1), p. 123-138
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0924-7963
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/S0924-7963(96)00074-7
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 1997
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1483106-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1041191-4
    SSG: 14
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Structure and effects of a long lived vortex in the Greenland Sea : LONG LIVED VORTEX IN THE GREENLAND SEA
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2004
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters Vol. 31, No. 5 ( 2004-03-16), p. n/a-n/a
    Details
    In: Geophysical Research Letters, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 31, No. 5 ( 2004-03-16), p. n/a-n/a
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0094-8276
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2003GL017983
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2004
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021599-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 7403-2
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    From pole to pole: 33 years of physical oceanography onboard R/V 〈i〉Polarstern〈/i〉
    Copernicus GmbH ; 2017
    In:  Earth System Science Data Vol. 9, No. 1 ( 2017-03-21), p. 211-220
    Details
    In: Earth System Science Data, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. 9, No. 1 ( 2017-03-21), p. 211-220
    Abstract: Abstract. Measuring temperature and salinity profiles in the world's oceans is crucial to understanding ocean dynamics and its influence on the heat budget, the water cycle, the marine environment and on our climate. Since 1983 the German research vessel and icebreaker Polarstern has been the platform of numerous CTD (conductivity, temperature, depth instrument) deployments in the Arctic and the Antarctic. We report on a unique data collection spanning 33 years of polar CTD data. In total 131 data sets (1 data set per cruise leg) containing data from 10 063 CTD casts are now freely available at doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.860066. During this long period five CTD types with different characteristics and accuracies have been used. Therefore the instruments and processing procedures (sensor calibration, data validation, etc.) are described in detail. This compilation is special not only with regard to the quantity but also the quality of the data – the latter indicated for each data set using defined quality codes. The complete data collection includes a number of repeated sections for which the quality code can be used to investigate and evaluate long-term changes. Beginning with 2010, the salinity measurements presented here are of the highest quality possible in this field owing to the introduction of the OPTIMARE Precision Salinometer.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1866-3516
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5194/essd-9-211-2017
    Language: English
    Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2475469-9
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    On the generation of the Northeast Water Polynya
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1995
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans Vol. 100, No. C3 ( 1995-03-15), p. 4269-4286
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 100, No. C3 ( 1995-03-15), p. 4269-4286
    Abstract: In spring and summer of 1993 a multidisciplinary survey of the Northeast Water (NEW) Polynya, located on the continental shelf northeast of Greenland, was undertaken by R/V Polarstern. Hydrographic and remotely sensed data from this expedition are analyzed with respect to the generation and the seasonal development of the NEW. Its formation is concluded to result from the combined effect of a fast ice barrier, extending perpendicular from the coast and bridging a trough system, and a northward flowing coastal current. The fast ice barrier protects the region downstream of it from ice import while current driven ice export continues. The temporal development and spatial distribution of hydrographie parameters in the NEW is primarily controlled by its generation mechanism. Continental and sea ice melt induce vertical stability in certain parts of the polynya, giving rise to enhanced primary production there.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/94JC02349
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1995
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016813-5
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161667-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2969341-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161665-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094268-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 710256-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016804-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094181-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094219-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094167-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2220777-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094197-0
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Fate of vent-derived methane in seawater above the Håkon Mosby mud volcano (Norwegian Sea)
    Elsevier BV ; 2003
    In:  Marine Chemistry Vol. 82, No. 1-2 ( 2003-6), p. 1-11
    Details
    In: Marine Chemistry, Elsevier BV, Vol. 82, No. 1-2 ( 2003-6), p. 1-11
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0304-4203
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/S0304-4203(03)00031-8
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2003
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 184352-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1497339-X
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