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  • Data  (18)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2023-03-03
    Description: This dataset is part of a dataset collection. Please read the documentation in Kiel fjord carbonate chemistry data between 2015 (February) and 2016 (January) doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.876551 for details on sampling, measurement and data processing.
    Keywords: DATE/TIME; DEPTH, water; Hand water sampler; HWS; PF2015; PF2015_Kiel-fjord; Phosphate; Polarfuchs; Silicate; Wittlingskuhle
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 66 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Description: A HydroC® CO2 sensor was deployed from a pontoon at the waterfront of the GEOMAR west shore building into Kiel Fjord, Western Baltic Sea (Kiel, Germany; 54°19'48.78"N, 010° 8'59.44"E). Since the pontoon is floating the deployment depth of the sensor was constant at 1m. Data of two deployment intervals are published here: February 2015 – May 2015 and August 2015 – January 2016.
    Keywords: CO2S; CO2 Sensor; Kiel Fjord; Kiel-Fjord_GEOMAR
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 3
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Bermúdez Monsalve, Rafael; Winder, Monika; Almén, Anna-Karin; Engström-Öst, Jonna; Riebesell, Ulf (2016): Effect of ocean acidification on the structure and fatty acid composition of a natural plankton community in the Baltic Sea. Biogeosciences, 13(24), 6625-6635, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-6625-2016
    Publication Date: 2023-05-12
    Description: Increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) is changing seawater chemistry towards reduced pH, which consequently affects various properties of marine organisms. Coastal and brackish water communities are expected to be less affected by ocean acidification (OA) as these communities are typically adapted to high fluctuations in CO2 and pH. Here we investigate the response of a coastal brackish water plankton community to increasing CO2 levels as projected for the coming decades and the end of this century in terms of community and biochemical fatty acid (FA) composition. A Baltic Sea plankton community was enclosed in a set of off-shore mesocosms and subjected to a CO2 gradient ranging from natural concentrations (~347 µatm fCO2) up to values projected for the year 2100 (~1333 µatm fCO2). We show that the phytoplankton community composition was resilient to CO2 and did not diverge between the treatments. Seston FA composition was influenced by community composition, which in turn was driven by silicate and phosphate limitation in the mesocosms, and showed no difference between the CO2 treatments. These results suggest that CO2 effects are dampened in coastal communities that already experience high natural fluctuations in pCO2. Although this coastal plankton community was tolerant to high pCO2 levels, hypoxia and CO2 uptake by the sea can aggravate acidification and may lead to pH changes outside the currently experienced range for coastal organisms.
    Keywords: BIOACID; Biological Impacts of Ocean Acidification; KOSMOS_2012_Tvaerminne; MESO; Mesocosm experiment
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 4
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    Unknown
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Schulz, Kai Georg; Bellerby, Richard G J; Brussaard, Corina P D; Büdenbender, Jan; Czerny, Jan; Engel, Anja; Fischer, Matthias; Krug, Sebastian; Lischka, Silke; Koch-Klavsen, Stephanie; Ludwig, Andrea; Meyerhöfer, Michael; Nondal, G; Silyakova, Anna; Stuhr, Annegret; Riebesell, Ulf (2013): Temporal biomass dynamics of an Arctic plankton bloom in response to increasing levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Biogeosciences, 10(1), 161-180, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-161-2013
    Publication Date: 2023-10-21
    Description: Ocean acidification and carbonation, driven by anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), have been shown to affect a variety of marine organisms and are likely to change ecosystem functioning. High latitudes, especially the Arctic, will be the first to encounter profound changes in carbonate chemistry speciation at a large scale, namely the under-saturation of surface waters with respect to aragonite, a calcium carbonate polymorph produced by several organisms in this region. During a CO2 perturbation study in 2010, in the framework of the EU-funded project EPOCA, the temporal dynamics of a plankton bloom was followed in nine mesocosms, manipulated for CO2 levels ranging initially from about 185 to 1420 matm. Dissolved inorganic nutrients were added halfway through the experiment. Autotrophic biomass, as identified by chlorophyll a standing stocks (Chl a), peaked three times in all mesocosms. However, while absolute Chl a concentrations were similar in all mesocosms during the first phase of the experiment, higher autotrophic biomass was measured at high in comparison to low CO2 during the second phase, right after dissolved inorganic nutrient addition. This trend then reversed in the third phase. There were several statistically significant CO2 effects on a variety of parameters measured in certain phases, such as nutrient utilization, standing stocks of particulate organic matter, and phytoplankton species composition. Interestingly, CO2 effects developed slowly but steadily, becoming more and more statistically significant with time. The observed CO2 related shifts in nutrient flow into different phytoplankton groups (mainly diatoms, dinoflagellates, prasinophytes and haptophytes) could have consequences for future organic matter flow to higher trophic levels and export production, with consequences for ecosystem productivity and atmospheric CO2.
    Keywords: BIOACID; Biological Impacts of Ocean Acidification
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2023-12-27
    Description: Microzooplankton (microZP, protists) and mesozooplankton (mesoZP, metazoans) abundances and biomass as well as presence of domoic acid (DA, phycotoxin) during the mesocosm experiment in the Canary Islands in autumn 2019. Depth-integrated (0-2.5m) water samples were taken over the course of 33 days, in 2-day intervals for microZP and mesoZP and 4-day intervals for DA. MicroZP was assessed by Utermöhl light microscopy and its biomass estimated using biovolume to carbon conversion factors from the literature. MesoZP samples were split into three size fractions (55-200, 200-500 and 〉500 µm), preserved with 70% ethanol and assessed under a stereo microscope. For biomass, mesoZP were measured in an element analyser. MesoZP data is provided for copepods only (dominant group) and all metazoan zooplankton combined (mainly copepods and appendicularians). For DA, particulate matter was filtered (〉0.7µm) and analysed via liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. The upwelling treatment started on day 6. Methodological details in Goldenberg et al. (doi:10.3389/fmars.2022.1015188) and Goldenberg et al. (under review).
    Keywords: AQUACOSM; artificial upwelling; Canarias Sea; carbon dioxide removal; CDRmare; Ciliates, heterotrophic; Ciliates, heterotrophic, biomass as carbon; Copepoda; Copepoda, biomass as carbon; Copepoda, nauplii; DAM CDRmare - Test-ArtUp: Road testing ocean artificial upwelling; DATE/TIME; Day of experiment; Depth, water, experiment, bottom/maximum; Depth, water, experiment, top/minimum; diatoms; Dinoflagellates; Dinoflagellates, biomass as carbon; Domoic acid; Domoic acid per unit mass particulate organic carbon; Event label; Field experiment; GC2019; KOSMOS; KOSMOS_2019; KOSMOS_2019_Mesocosm-M1; KOSMOS_2019_Mesocosm-M2; KOSMOS_2019_Mesocosm-M3; KOSMOS_2019_Mesocosm-M4; KOSMOS_2019_Mesocosm-M5; KOSMOS_2019_Mesocosm-M6; KOSMOS_2019_Mesocosm-M7; KOSMOS_2019_Mesocosm-M8; KOSMOS Gran Canaria; MESO; mesocosm experiment; Mesocosm experiment; Mesocosm label; Mesozooplankton; Mesozooplankton, biomass as carbon; negative emission technology; Network of Leading European AQUAtic MesoCOSM Facilities Connecting Mountains to Oceans from the Arctic to the Mediterranean; Ocean Artificial Upwelling; Ocean-artUp; ocean fertilization; Phase description; plankton food web; Protista, heterotrophic; Protista, heterotrophic, biomass as carbon; Research Mission of the German Marine Research Alliance (DAM): Marine carbon sinks in decarbonisation pathways; Size fraction 〉 500 µm; Size fraction 〉 55 µm; Size fraction 200-500 µm; Size fraction 55-200 µm; Test-ArtUp; Treatment; trophic transfer; Type of study
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 4332 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2024-01-29
    Description: Abundance and biovolume data of the community of larger phytoplankton from the mesocosm experiment conducted in the Canary Islands in autumn 2019. Depth-integrated (0-2.5m) water samples were taken in 2-days intervals over the course of 33 days and autotrophic taxa assessed to the lowest taxonomic level possible using Utermöhl microscopy. Only taxa larger than approx. 〉5 µm could be considered with this method. Biovolume was calculated based on geometrical measurements (dominant taxa) or the literature (rare taxa). Carbon biomass estimates were purposefully not provided, as the standard literature conversion factors from biovolume to carbon biomass did not apply to many of our samples, likely due to low carbon density within cells. Predominantly mixotrophic or heterotrophic taxa are not provided in this dataset. The upwelling treatment started on day 6. Methodological details in Goldenberg et al. (doi:10.3389/fmars.2022.1015188).
    Keywords: Amphora sp.; Amphora sp., biovolume; AQUACOSM; artificial upwelling; Calculated; Canarias Sea; carbon dioxide removal; CDRmare; Cerataulina pelagica; Cerataulina pelagica, biovolume; Chaetoceros cf. aequatorialis; Chaetoceros cf. aequatorialis, biovolume; Chaetoceros cf. compressus; Chaetoceros cf. compressus, biovolume; Chaetoceros cf. curvisetus; Chaetoceros cf. curvisetus, biovolume; Chaetoceros cf. lauderi; Chaetoceros cf. lauderi, biovolume; Chaetoceros cf. lorenzianus; Chaetoceros cf. lorenzianus, biovolume; Chaetoceros cf. tenuissimus; Chaetoceros cf. tenuissimus, biovolume; Chaetoceros decipiens; Chaetoceros decipiens, biovolume; Chaetoceros densus; Chaetoceros densus, biovolume; Chrysochromulina sp.; Chrysochromulina sp., biovolume; Climacodium cf. frauenfeldianum; Climacodium cf. frauenfeldianum, biovolume; Coccolithophoridae, biovolume; Coccolithophoridae, total; Coscinodiscus cf. pavillardii; Coscinodiscus cf. pavillardii, biovolume; Coscinodiscus sp.; Coscinodiscus sp., biovolume; Cylindrotheca closterium; Cylindrotheca closterium, biovolume; Cylindrotheca sp.; Cylindrotheca sp., biovolume; Dactyliosolen cf. blavyanus; Dactyliosolen cf. blavyanus, biovolume; Dactyliosolen cf. fragilissimus; Dactyliosolen cf. fragilissimus, biovolume; DAM CDRmare - Test-ArtUp: Road testing ocean artificial upwelling; DATE/TIME; Day of experiment; diatoms; Diatoms; Diatoms, biovolume; Dictyocha fibula; Dictyocha fibula, biovolume; Diploneis sp.; Diploneis sp., biovolume; Event label; Flagellates; Flagellates, biovolume; Flagellates indeterminata, oval; Flagellates indeterminata, oval, biovolume; GC2019; Guinardia delicatula; Guinardia delicatula, biovolume; Guinardia striata; Guinardia striata, biovolume; Hemiaulus cf. sinensis; Hemiaulus cf. sinensis, biovolume; KOSMOS; KOSMOS_2019; KOSMOS_2019_Mesocosm-M1; KOSMOS_2019_Mesocosm-M2; KOSMOS_2019_Mesocosm-M3; KOSMOS_2019_Mesocosm-M4; KOSMOS_2019_Mesocosm-M5; KOSMOS_2019_Mesocosm-M6; KOSMOS_2019_Mesocosm-M7; KOSMOS_2019_Mesocosm-M8; KOSMOS Gran Canaria; Leptocylindrus danicus; Leptocylindrus danicus, biovolume; Leptocylindrus minimus; Leptocylindrus minimus, biovolume; Licmophora sp.; Licmophora sp., biovolume; MESO; Mesocosm experiment; Mesocosm label; Microscopy; Minutocellus polymorphus; Minutocellus polymorphus, biovolume; negative emission technology; Network of Leading European AQUAtic MesoCOSM Facilities Connecting Mountains to Oceans from the Arctic to the Mediterranean; Nitzschia cf. acicularis; Nitzschia cf. acicularis, biovolume; Number of taxa; Ocean Artificial Upwelling; Ocean-artUp; ocean fertilization; Phaeocystis cf. globosa; Phaeocystis cf. globosa, biovolume; Phaeocystis sp.; Phaeocystis sp., biovolume; Phase description; Phytoplankton, biovolume; Phytoplankton, total; Pielou evenness index; plankton community; Pleurosigma sp.; Pleurosigma sp., biovolume; Proboscia sp.; Proboscia sp., biovolume; Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissima; Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissima, biovolume; Pseudo-nitzschia pungens; Pseudo-nitzschia pungens, biovolume; Pseudo-nitzschia sp.; Pseudo-nitzschia sp., biovolume; Pseudo-nitzschia subcurvata; Pseudo-nitzschia subcurvata, biovolume; Research Mission of the German Marine Research Alliance (DAM): Marine carbon sinks in decarbonisation pathways; Rhizosolenia cf. imbricata; Rhizosolenia cf. imbricata, biovolume; Rhizosolenia cf. setigera; Rhizosolenia cf. setigera, biovolume; Rhizosolenia sp.; Rhizosolenia sp., biovolume; Shannon Diversity Index; Si:N; silicic acid; Skeletonema sp.; Skeletonema sp., biovolume; Striatella cf. unipunctata; Striatella cf. unipunctata, biovolume; Sum; Test-ArtUp; Treatment
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 14416 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 7
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Finnish Environment Institute | Supplement to: Spilling, Kristian; Paul, Allanah Joy; Virkkala, Niklas; Hastings, Tom; Lischka, Silke; Stuhr, Annegret; Bermúdez Monsalve, Rafael; Czerny, Jan; Boxhammer, Tim; Schulz, Kai Georg; Ludwig, Andrea; Riebesell, Ulf (2016): Ocean acidification decreases plankton respiration: evidence from a mesocosm experiment. Biogeosciences, 13(16), 4707-4719, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-4707-2016
    Publication Date: 2024-03-06
    Description: Anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are reducing the pH in the world's oceans. The plankton community is a key component driving biogeochemical fluxes, and the effect of increased CO2 on plankton is critical for understanding the ramifications of ocean acidification on global carbon fluxes. We determined the plankton community composition and measured primary production, respiration rates and carbon export (defined here as carbon sinking out of a shallow, coastal area) during an ocean acidification experiment. Mesocosms (~ 55 m3) were set up in the Baltic Sea with a gradient of CO2 levels initially ranging from ambient (~ 240 µatm), used as control, to high CO2 (up to ~ 1330 µatm). The phytoplankton community was dominated by dinoflagellates, diatoms, cyanobacteria and chlorophytes, and the zooplankton community by protozoans, heterotrophic dinoflagellates and cladocerans. The plankton community composition was relatively homogenous between treatments. Community respiration rates were lower at high CO2 levels. The carbon-normalized respiration was approximately 40 % lower in the high CO2 environment compared with the controls during the latter phase of the experiment. We did not, however, detect any effect of increased CO2 on primary production. This could be due to measurement uncertainty, as the measured total particular carbon (TPC) and combined results presented in this special issue suggest that the reduced respiration rate translated into higher net carbon fixation. The percent carbon derived from microscopy counts (both phyto- and zooplankton), of the measured total particular carbon (TPC) decreased from ~ 26 % at t0 to ~ 8 % at t31, probably driven by a shift towards smaller plankton (〈 4 µm) not enumerated by microscopy. Our results suggest that reduced respiration lead to increased net carbon fixation at high CO2. However, the increased primary production did not translate into increased carbon export, and did consequently not work as a negative feedback mechanism for increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration.
    Keywords: BIOACID; Biological Impacts of Ocean Acidification; DATE/TIME; Day of experiment; KOSMOS_2012_Tvaerminne; MESO; Mesocosm experiment; Mesocosm label; Phase; Primary production, carbon assimilation (24 hr.), integrated; Respiration rate, oxygen
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1218 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2024-03-06
    Keywords: BIOACID; Biological Impacts of Ocean Acidification; Cell, diameter; Cell, length; Cell biovolume; Gullmar Fjord, Skagerrak, Sweden; KOSMOS_2013_Fjord; KOSMOS 2013; Kristineberg, Sweden; MESO; Mesocosm experiment; Taxon/taxa
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1816 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 9
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Almén, Anna-Karin; Vehmaa, Anu; Brutemark, Andreas; Bach, Lennart Thomas; Lischka, Silke; Stuhr, Annegret; Furuhagen, Sara; Paul, Allanah Joy; Bermúdez Monsalve, Rafael; Riebesell, Ulf; Engström-Öst, Jonna (2016): Negligible effects of ocean acidification on Eurytemora affinis (Copepoda) offspring production. Biogeosciences, 13(4), 1037-1048, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-1037-2016
    Publication Date: 2024-03-06
    Description: Ocean acidification is caused by increasing amounts of carbon dioxide dissolving in the oceans leading to lower seawater pH. We studied the effects of lowered pH on the calanoid copepod Eurytemora affinis during a mesocosm experiment conducted in a coastal area of the Baltic Sea. We measured copepod reproductive success as a function of pH, chlorophyll a concentration, diatom and dinoflagellate biomass, carbon to nitrogen (C : N) ratio of suspended particulate organic matter, as well as copepod fatty acid composition. The laboratory-based experiment was repeated four times during 4 consecutive weeks, with water and copepods sampled from pelagic mesocosms enriched with different CO2 concentrations. In addition, oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) of animals from the mesocosms was measured weekly to test whether the copepod's defence against oxidative stress was affected by pH. We found no effect of pH on offspring production. Phytoplankton biomass, as indicated by chlorophyll a concentration and dinoflagellate biomass, had a positive effect. The concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the females was reflected in the eggs and had a positive effect on offspring production whereas monounsaturated fatty acids of the females were reflected in their eggs but had no significant effect. ORAC was not affected by pH. From these experiments we conclude that E. affinis seems robust against direct exposure to ocean acidification on a physiological level, for the variables covered in the study. E. affinis may not have faced acute pH stress in the treatments as the species naturally face large pH fluctuations.
    Keywords: BIOACID; Biological Impacts of Ocean Acidification; KOSMOS_2012_Tvaerminne; MESO; Mesocosm experiment; SOPRAN; Surface Ocean Processes in the Anthropocene
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2024-03-06
    Keywords: BIOACID; Biological Impacts of Ocean Acidification; Ciliates, other; DATE/TIME; Day of experiment; Dinoflagellates, athecate; Dinoflagellates, thecate; Dinophysis sp.; Euplotes sp.; Event label; Gullmar Fjord, Skagerrak, Sweden; Gyrodinium sp.; Identification; KOSMOS_2013_Mesocosm-M1; KOSMOS_2013_Mesocosm-M10; KOSMOS_2013_Mesocosm-M2; KOSMOS_2013_Mesocosm-M3; KOSMOS_2013_Mesocosm-M4; KOSMOS_2013_Mesocosm-M5; KOSMOS_2013_Mesocosm-M6; KOSMOS_2013_Mesocosm-M7; KOSMOS_2013_Mesocosm-M8; KOSMOS_2013_Mesocosm-M9; KOSMOS 2013; Laboea strobila; Lohmanniella oviformis; MESO; Mesocosm experiment; Myrionecta rubra; Protoperidinium sp.; Strobilidium sp.; Strombidium sp.; Suctoria; Tontonia gracillima; Treatment
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 3328 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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