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  • Calcium  (2)
  • Zea (gravitropism)  (2)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Allium ; Calcium and gravitropism ; Morphactin ; Naphthylphthalamic acid ; Pisum (gravitropism) ; 2,3,5-Triiodobenzoic acid ; Zea (gravitropism)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Primary roots of maize (Zea mays L.) and pea (Pisum sativum L.) exhibit strong positive gravitropism. In both species, gravistimulation induces polar movement of calcium across the root tip from the upper side to the lower side. Roots of onion (Allium cepa L.) are not responsive to gravity and gravistimulation induces little or no polar movement of calcium across the root tip. Treatment of maize or pea roots with inhibitors of auxin transport (morphactin, naphthylphthalamic acid, 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid) prevents both gravitropism and gravity-induced polar movement of calcium across the root tip. The results indicate that calcium movement and auxin movement are closely linked in roots and that gravity-induced redistribution of calcium across the root cap may play an important role in the development of gravitropic curvature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Planta 203 (1997), S. S115 
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Key words:Arabidopsis ; Auxin ; Calcium ; Distal elongation zone ; Gravitropism (root) ; Zea
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. A number of features of the gravitropic response of roots are not readily accounted for by the classical Cholodny-Went theory. These include the observations that (i) in the later stages of the response the growth gradient is reversed with no evident reversal of the auxin gradient; (ii) a major component of the acceleration of growth along the upper side occurs in the distal elongation zone (DEZ), a group of cells located between the meristem and the main elongation, not within the central elongation zone; and (iii) the initiation of differential growth in the DEZ appears to be independent of the establishment of auxin asymmetry. Alternative candidates for mediation of differential growth in the DEZ include calcium ions and protons. Gravi-induced curvature is accompanied by polar movement of calcium toward the lower side of the maize root tip and the DEZ is shown to be particularly sensitive to growth inhibition by calcium. Also, gravistimulation of maize roots causes enhanced acid efflux from the upper side of the DEZ. Evidence for gravi-induced modification of ion movements in the root tip includes changes in intracellular potentials and current flow. It is clear that there is more than one motor region in the root with regard to gravitropic responses and there is evidence that the DEZ itself consists of more than one class of responding cells. In order to gain a more complete understanding of the mechanism of gravitropic curvature, the physiological properties of the sub-zones of the root apex need to be thoroughly characterized with regard to their sensitivity to hormones, calcium, acid pH and electrical perturbations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Auxin and gravitropism ; Gravitropism (signal transmission ; Root (gravitropism) ; Zea (gravitropism)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract There is general agreement that during root gravitropism some sort of growth-modifying signal moves from the cap to the elongation zone and that this signal ultimately induces the curvature that leads to reorientation of the root. However, there is disagreement regarding both the nature of the signal and the pathway of its movement from the root cap to the elongation zone. We examined the pathway of movement by testing gravitropism in primary roots of maize (Zea mays L.) from which narrow (0.5 mm) rings of epidermal and cortical tissue were surgically removed from various positions within the elongation zone. When roots were girdled in the apical part of the elongation zone gravitropic curvature occurred apical to the girdle but not basal to the girdle. Filling the girdle with agar allowed curvature basal to the girdle to occur. Shallow girdles, in which only two or three cell layers (epidermis plus one or two cortical cell layers) were removed, prevented or greatly delayed gravitropic curvature basal to the girdle. The results indicate that the gravitropic signal moves basipetally through the outermost cell layers, perhaps through the epidermis itself.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 315 (1980), S. 63-67 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Phenytoin ; Methotrexate ; Anticonvulsants ; Calcium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Administration of phenytoin for 5 days significantly reduces oral absorption and bone uptake of radiolabelled calcium in mice. Acute treatment with phenytoin had no effect on calcium disposition. Pretreatment (1–5 days) with phenobarbital also had no effect of calcium disposition. Methotrexate pretreatment for 5 days increased the bone uptake of radiolabelled calcium presumably by decreasing calcium renal clearance. It is concluded that phenytoin induced reduction in calcium metabolism is unrelated to a state of functional folate deficiency.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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