Note: FRONT COVER -- RISKS AND CONFLICTS: LOCAL RESPONSES TO NATURAL DISASTERS -- COPYRIGHT PAGE -- CONTENTS -- LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS -- ABOUT THE EDITORS -- BRIEF INTRODUCTION OF THE SERIES -- BRIEF INTRODUCTION OF THE VOLUME -- PREFACE -- CHAPTER 1 LOCAL RESPONSES TO NATURAL DISASTERS: ISSUES AND CHALLENGES -- INTRODUCTION TO THE THEME OF THIS VOLUME -- STRUCTURE OF THE BOOK -- REFERENCES -- PART I - POST-DISASTER RESPONSE AND RECOVERY AT THE LOCAL LEVEL -- CHAPTER 2 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN COMMUNITY SUPPORT AND RESIDENT BEHAVIOUR AFTER THE TOHOKU PACIFIC EARTHQUAKE: THE CASE OF HITACHI CITY IN IBARAKI PREFECTURE -- INTRODUCTION -- JAPAN'S NATURAL DISASTER PREVENTION REGIME -- EARTHQUAKE DAMAGE AND DISASTER PREVENTION IN HITACHI CITY -- RESPONSE OF LOCAL COMMUNITIES: OPERATION OF EVACUATION SITES -- BEHAVIORAL RESPONSES OF RESIDENTS AFTER THE EARTHQUAKE -- DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION -- NOTES -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- APPENDIX -- CHAPTER 3 FILLING THE GAPS FROM THE CHRISTCHURCH EARTHQUAKES 2010-2013: GREENING THE RUBBLE AND THE MT PLEASANT COMMUNITY RESPONSE PLAN AS TWO LOCAL INITIATIVES -- INTRODUCTION -- METHODOLOGY -- NEW ZEALAND IN CONTEXT -- THE RESPONSE AND RECOVERY "MILIEU" FOLLOWING THE EARTHQUAKES -- GREENING THE RUBBLE -- THE MT PLEASANT COMMUNITY RESPONSE -- RISKS TO THESE GAP-FILLING INITIATIVES -- CONCLUSION -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- APPENDIX A: MT PLEASANT HAZARDSCAPE -- APPENDIX B: JOINT LOGISTICS CO-ORDINATORS' TASKS -- CHAPTER 4 THE ROLE OF SOCIAL CAPITAL IN POST-FLOOD RESPONSE AND RECOVERY AMONG DOWNSTREAM COMMUNITIES OF THE BA RIVER, WESTERN VITI LEVU, FIJI ISLANDS -- INTRODUCTION -- THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK: SOCIAL CAPITAL IN DISASTER RECOVERY -- METHODOLOGY -- SOCIOECONOMIC SITUATION OF SAMPLED HOUSEHOLDS -- CONTEXT OF THE STUDY: REPEATED FLOOD HAZARDS -- PATTERNS OF SOCIAL CAPITAL DEPLOYED TOWARDS RECOVERY. , DISASTER RECOVERY AS FACTOR OF REINFORCING BONDING SOCIAL CAPITAL AND BUILDING BRIDGING SOCIAL CAPITAL -- DISCUSSION, LIMITATIONS AND SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 5 THE INTERPLAY BETWEEN COLLECTIVE ACTION, INDIVIDUAL STRATEGIES AND STATE INTERVENTION IN MITIGATING FLOOD DISASTERSIN THE UPLANDS OF NORTH THAILAND AND NORTHWEST VIETNAM -- INTRODUCTION -- STUDY AREAS AND METHODOLOGY -- RESPONSES TO REPEATED FLOOD EVENTS IN THE MAE LANA CATCHMENT, NORTH THAILAND -- RESPONSES TO REPEATED FLOOD EVENTS IN THE CHIENG KHOI CATCHMENT, NORTHWEST VIETNAM -- SYNTHESIS AND CONCLUSION -- NOTES -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 6 FARMERS' RESPONSE TO DROUGHT IN NORTHWESTERN BANGLADESH -- INTRODUCTION -- CAUSES OF DROUGHT -- TYPES OF DROUGHT -- DROUGHT IMPACTS -- FARMERS' RESPONSE TOWARDS DROUGHT: A CASE STUDY -- CONCLUSION -- NOTE -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- PART II - ADAPTATION AND RISK REDUCTION STRATEGIES AS LOCAL RESPONSES TO DISASTERS -- CHAPTER 7 PEOPLE'S PERCEPTION ON NATURAL DISASTERS AND LOCAL SURVIVAL STRATEGIES IN SUNDARBAN REGION: A STUDY OF GOSABA BLOCK IN SOUTH TWENTY FOUR PARGANAS DISTRICT IN WEST BENGAL, INDIA -- INTRODUCTION -- SUNDARBAN: A UNIQUE AND MOST VULNERABLE ECOSYSTEM -- PEOPLE'S PERCEPTION ON NATURAL DISASTERS: A STUDY FROM FIVE SELECTED VILLAGES IN GOSABA BLOCK -- VILLAGE WISE VARIATIONS OF PERCEPTION ON NATURAL DISASTERS -- OCCUPATION-WISE VARIATIONS ON PERCEPTION OF NATURAL DISASTERS -- LOCAL SURVIVAL STRATEGIES -- FOLK TRADITION -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENT -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 8 IMPACT OF SOCIAL CAPITAL ON LOCAL COMMUNITIES' RESPONSE TO FLOODS IN SOUTHERN POLAND -- INTRODUCTION -- SOCIAL CAPITAL AND NATURAL HAZARDS -- SOCIAL CAPITAL RESOURCES IN POLAND -- LOCAL RESPONSE TO THE FLOOD IN SOUTHERN POLAND -- CONCLUSIONS -- NOTE -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. , REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 9 ENHANCING LOCAL RESPONSES THROUGH DISASTER RESILIENCE IN SCHOOLS AND COMMUNITIES IN JAPAN -- INTRODUCTION -- SCHOOLS AS AN EVACUATION SITE -- UTILIZATION OF SCHOOLS IN PAST DISASTERS -- CASES OF CITIES AFFECTED BY EAST JAPAN EARTHQUAKE TSUNAMI -- CASES OF CITIES PREPARING FOR FUTURE DISASTERS -- ENHANCING LOCAL RESPONSES -- ACKNOWLEDGMENT -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 10 RISK COMMUNICATION THROUGH COMMUNITY-BASED SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS AS LOCAL RESPONSE TO DISASTER IN BANDUNG, INDONESIA -- INTRODUCTION -- CBSOS AS LOCAL RESPONDERS TO DISASTER IN INDONESIA -- CASE STUDY: BANDUNG, INDONESIA -- ADVANCING CBSOS' SIERA OF BANDUNG AS A RISK COMMUNICATION PLATFORM -- POTENTIALS AND CHALLENGES OF CBSOS' RISK COMMUNICATION AS LOCAL RESPONSE TO DISASTERS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 11 COMMUNICATING CLIMATE CHANGE AND ITS IMPACT TO DHAKA'S URBAN POOR - GRASSROOT WORKSHOPS FOR ADULTS AND CHILDREN -- INTRODUCTION -- DHAKA AS A HAZARD-PRONE AREA -- CHARACTERISTICS OF THE URBAN POOR IN DHAKA -- DIDACTIC PRINCIPLES -- METHODOLOGY: WORKSHOP DEVELOPMENT, EVALUATION, AND ANALYSIS -- THE WORKSHOP CONCEPT -- LESSONS LEARNED -- CONCLUSIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- REFERENCES.

Note: Intro -- Preface -- About This Book -- Contents -- Editors and Contributors -- Part I Overview -- 1 Media and Disaster Risk Reduction -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Global Pandemic and Role of Media -- 1.3 Ten Key Lessons on Media and DRR -- 1.4 Outline of the Book -- Reference -- 2 Media Experiences of Asian Disasters-A Way Forward -- 2.1 The Size of the Task -- 2.2 The Complexity of the Task -- 2.3 Setting the Standard -- 2.4 Working with the Science -- 2.5 High-risk Countries -- 2.6 A Detailed Case Study -- 2.7 Developments -- 2.8 Conclusions -- References -- Part II Media Types and Its Role -- 3 Community Radio Movement in the Promotion of Disaster Risk Reduction in Indonesia -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Collaboration Between Indonesia and Japan -- 3.3 Community Radio in Indonesia -- 3.4 Community Radio in Japan -- 3.5 Community Radio in Disaster Management -- 3.5.1 Experiences in Indonesia -- 3.5.2 Experiences in Japan -- 3.6 The Effort of Installment of Boyolali Model -- 3.6.1 Japan-Indonesia Collaboration Has Been Developed from Experience in Aceh -- 3.6.2 Localizing Japanese Model into Indonesia -- 3.6.3 Standard Operation Procedures of Communication and Information for DRR -- 3.6.4 Expected to Be a Model for Developing Standards and Procedures for Contingency Plans -- 3.6.5 Participatory Communication -- 3.7 Conclusion -- References -- 4 Social Media in Disaster Management -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Brief Literature Review -- 4.3 Social Media Overview -- 4.3.1 Types, Uses and Benefits -- 4.3.2 2013 Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda), the Philippines -- 4.3.3 2015 Chennai Floods, India -- 4.4 Threats and Challenges -- 4.5 Takeaway Messages for Practitioners and Policy-Makers -- References -- 5 Relic as Record Media in Japan -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Classification and Needs of Records -- 5.3 Records in Words -- 5.3.1 Witness Report in 17 Characters. , 5.3.2 Function of Stele -- 5.4 Records in Relic -- 5.4.1 Like Hiroshima Atomic Bomb Dome -- 5.4.2 Disaster Relics and Remains in Asia -- 5.5 Records in Tradition and Culture -- 5.5.1 Events Symbolizing Evacuation -- 5.5.2 On the Coast of "Fire of Inamura" -- 5.6 Role of Media and Records -- 5.7 Conclusion -- References -- Part III Examples and Issues Related to Role of Media -- 6 Adaptation Communication of Indigenous and Local Knowledge: Can Community Radios Be Mobilized in the Hindu Kush Himalaya Region? -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Communication of Indigenous and Local Knowledge (ILK) on Climate Change Adaptation -- 6.3 Promoting ILK for CCA in the Hindu Kush Himalaya (HKH) Region -- 6.4 Potential Role of Media in Bridging the Knowledge Gaps on ILK and CCA -- 6.5 Community Radio as a Potential Medium for Communicating ILK on CCA in the HKH Region -- 6.6 The Case of Farmer-Focused Community Radio in Nepal -- 6.7 Framework for the Incorporation of Community Radio in Formal Communication of ILK for CCA -- 6.8 Conclusion and Way Forward -- References -- 7 Challenges and Lessons: Reporting from Ground Zero-Diaries of Journalists Covering Disasters in the Asia Pacific -- 7.1 Introduction and Need for Journalist's Diary -- 7.2 Diaries of Journalists -- 7.3 Postscripts -- References -- 8 Re-instating Sustainability of Community Radio Operations in Disaster Management-Lessons from Indonesia and Haiti -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Understanding 'Community Radios' and the 'Community' -- 8.3 Role of Community Radio in Disaster Management -- 8.4 Sustainability Challenges to Community Radio Operations -- 8.4.1 Impact of Digital Technologies on Radio Operations -- 8.5 Case Study Examples -- 8.5.1 Case of Jalin Merapi, Indonesia -- 8.5.2 Case of Signal FM, Haiti -- 8.6 Integrating Digital Technologies with Community Radio Operations. , 8.6.1 Connecting Traditional and Digital Media -- 8.6.2 Cross-Validating Information Through Local Community Engagement -- 8.6.3 Enhancing Digital Awareness -- 8.7 Conclusion -- References -- 9 Creating an Enabling Environment for Urban Disaster Reporting -- 9.1 Methodology -- 9.2 Background -- 9.3 Training and Capacity Enhancement -- 9.3.1 Activity 1: Introduction to Responsible Disaster Reporting -- 9.3.2 Activity 2: A Media Manual Was Prepared for the Journalists -- 9.3.3 Activity 3: Capacity Building DRR Fellowships for Journalists -- 9.3.4 Activity 4: Planning the DRR Story -- 9.3.5 The North Dhaka City Newsletter -- 9.4 Key Findings -- References -- 10 New Paradigms of Natural Disaster Reporting and Its Risk Communication in China in the New Media Age -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 New Trends and New Paradigms -- 10.2.1 Diversified Active Players in the Arena -- 10.2.2 Fun New Media Approaches and Advanced Technological Applications -- 10.2.3 New Dynamics of the Risk Communication in China -- 10.3 Discussion -- References -- 11 Importance of Reporting Local Disasters: Lessons from Varanasi, India -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Background -- 11.3 Methodology -- 11.4 Key Findings -- 11.5 Other Findings -- 11.6 Results and Discussion -- 11.7 Sample Interviews with Local Journalists -- 11.7.1 Flood Disasters -- 11.7.2 Cold Wave -- 11.7.3 Heat Wave -- 11.7.4 Road Accidents -- 11.7.5 Dust Storms -- 11.8 The Way Forward -- References -- 12 Challenges of News Gathering in a Disaster Zone: A Study of Jammu and Kashmir Floods -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Kashmir Deluge (September 2014) -- 12.3 Flight to 'Apocalyptic' Disaster Zone -- 12.4 First Lessons in Disaster Reporting -- 12.5 Breakdown of Communication Network -- 12.6 Flood Apocalypse in Kashmir -- 12.7 Reporting in a Climate of Fear -- 12.8 A Protocol to Interview Disaster Victims. , 12.9 Fear of an Epidemic -- 12.10 A Disaster-Sensitive Code for Reporting -- 12.11 Conclusion: The Road Ahead -- References -- 13 Disaster Broadcasting: Challenges, Evolution and Lessons from Japan -- 13.1 Background of Disaster Broadcasting in Japan -- 13.1.1 The Great Kanto Earthquake and Radio Broadcasting -- 13.1.2 Disaster Countermeasures Basic Act and Broadcasting -- 13.1.3 Current Status of Broadcasting Stations in Japan -- 13.2 Role of Disaster Broadcasting -- 13.2.1 Before the Disaster -- 13.2.2 During the Disaster -- 13.2.3 After the Disaster -- 13.2.4 Normal Time -- 13.3 Disaster Broadcasting of NHK -- 13.3.1 Earthquakes -- 13.3.2 Typhoons and Torrential Rains -- 13.4 Disaster Broadcasting in the Great East Japan Earthquake -- 13.5 Current Issues of Disaster Broadcasting -- 13.5.1 Presence of Disaster Broadcasting -- 13.5.2 Can the Broadcast Deliver "Sense of Crisis"? -- 13.5.3 Utilization of the Internet -- 13.6 Conclusion -- References -- 14 Disaster Awareness and Risk of Foreign Residents and Tourists in Japan: Impact on Society and Role of Media -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Foreign Tourist Risk Perception -- 14.3 Risk Perception Online Survey of Residents in Japan -- 14.3.1 Factors Correlate Disaster Preparedness Awareness -- 14.4 Face-to-Face Interview to Investigate Details of Each Language Group -- 14.4.1 Chinese Community: Largest Population in Japan -- 14.4.2 Brazilians Forming Tight and Large Community of 30 Years -- 14.4.3 Vietnamese Disconnected -- 14.4.4 Indonesians with Religious Differences -- 14.5 Role of Media in Enhancing Foreigner's Risk Perception and Preparedness -- 14.5.1 Provide Information Using Tools Popular Among Foreigners -- 14.5.2 Reach Many Foreigners by Using "Easy Japanese" -- 14.5.3 Promoting Multicultural Exchange in Daily Life -- 14.5.4 Promotion of the Value of Diversity. , 14.6 Media's Role for "National Minimum" and "Local Optimum" -- References -- 15 NHK WORLD-JAPAN's Challenge to Create BOSAI Culture in Japan and Across the World -- 15.1 NHK WORLD-JAPAN, History and Current Service -- 15.2 BOSAI Radio Program -- 15.3 Launch of BOSAI Website -- 15.4 BOSAI Events -- 15.5 Change of Needs and Audience -- 15.6 Raising Awareness Through the Production Process -- 15.7 "Participatory Coverage" and Challenges of BOSAI -- References.