Anmerkung: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Introduction -- 1 Introduction to "Flash Floods in Egypt" -- Abstract -- 1 Background -- 2 Themes of the Book -- 3 Chapters' Summary -- 3.1 Analysis and Design Aspects -- 3.2 Recent Technologies for Investigating Flash Flood -- 3.3 Environmental Approaches in Flash Flood -- 3.4 Hazards, Risk, Harvesting, and Utilization of Flash Floods in Sinai and Egypt -- 3.5 Prediction, Mitigation, and Management of Flash Flood -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Analysis and Design Aspects -- 2 Statistical Behavior of Rainfall in Egypt -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Review -- 3 Statistical Analysis -- 3.1 Study Area -- 3.2 Data -- 3.3 GEV Distribution -- 4 Results -- 4.1 Analysis of Monthly Rainfall Data -- 4.2 Analysis of Annual Rainfall Data -- 4.3 Analysis of the Monthly Number of Rainy Days Data -- 4.4 Analysis of the Annual Number of Rainy Days Data -- 4.5 Analysis of Monthly Maximum Daily Rainfall Data -- 4.6 Analysis of Annual Maximum Daily Rainfall Data -- 5 Conclusions -- 6 Recommendations -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 3 Critical Analysis and Design Aspects of Flash Flood in Arid Regions: Cases from Egypt and Oman -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Sultanate of Oman Cyclones -- 3 Gonu Cyclone -- 3.1 Gonu's Data Availability -- 3.2 Rainfall Analysis -- 3.2.1 Daily Rainfall -- 3.2.2 Daily Rainfall -- 3.2.3 Rainfall Frequency Analysis -- 3.3 Runoff Volume Analysis -- 3.4 Peak Flow Analysis -- 3.5 Conclusions from Gonu -- 3.6 Oman Highway Design Standards -- 4 Egypt Case -- 4.1 Wadi El Arish -- 5 Conclusions -- 6 Recommendations -- References -- Recent Technologies for Investigating Flash Flood -- 4 Developing an Early Warning System for Flash Flood in Egypt: Case Study Sinai Peninsula -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Flash Flood Main Events at Egypt -- 3 Case Study: Sinai Peninsula. , 4 Data and Methodology -- 5 Results and Discussion -- 5.1 Synoptic Situation -- 5.2 Statistical Analysis -- 6 Conclusion -- 7 Recommendations -- References -- 5 Flash Flood Investigations in El Gouna, Northern Red Sea Governorate -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Hydrology and Morphology -- 2.1 Location -- 2.2 Climate Conditions -- 2.3 Morphology -- 3 Geological Model -- 3.1 Geological Evolution and Lithostratigraphic Units -- 3.2 Hydrostratigraphic Units -- 3.3 Lithological 3D Model -- 4 Flash Flood Model -- 4.1 Hydroinformatics Modeling System (HMS) -- 4.1.1 Governing Equations -- 4.1.2 Infiltration -- 4.1.3 Numerics -- 4.2 Model SetUp-Computational Domain, Initial and Boundary Conditions -- 4.3 Results -- 4.3.1 Reference Case -- 4.3.2 Case 1: Infiltration -- 4.3.3 Case 2: Retention Basins -- 5 Conclusions and Outlook -- References -- Environmental Approaches in Flash Flood -- 6 Environmental Flash Flood Management in Egypt -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Egypt National Environmental Action Plan -- 2.1 Natural Environmental Hazards (Earthquakes-Flash Floods-Dust and Sand Storm) -- 2.1.1 Earthquakes -- 2.1.2 Flash Floods -- 2.1.3 Dust and Sand Storms -- 3 Environmental and Disaster Risk Reduction in Egypt and the Arab Countries -- 3.1 Tools for Implementing Disaster Risk Reduction in Environmental Hazards Zones -- 4 Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA): Flood Risk Management Strategies -- 4.1 SEA Objectives and Assessment Method -- 4.2 Environmental Assessment of the Flood Risk Management Strategies -- 4.2.1 Environmental Assessment -- 4.3 Mitigation and Monitoring -- 4.3.1 Monitoring -- 5 Climate Change and Disaster Risk Assessment and Management in Egypt and Arab Countries -- 5.1 Development Strategies and Crisis/Disaster Risk Reduction -- 5.1.1 Risks of Crises, Disasters, and Planning for Sustainable Development. , 5.2 The Egyptian Legislation and Laws Concerned with Crisis and Disaster Management -- 5.2.1 First: The Current National Legislation Concerned with Crisis and Disaster Management -- 5.2.2 Second: The Current National Legislation that Contributes to Risk Reduction of Crises and Disasters -- 5.2.3 Third: Evaluating the Current Legislative Situation -- 5.2.4 Action plan -- 6 Egypt's National Strategy for Adaptation to Climate Change and Disaster Risk Reduction -- 6.1 National Strategy Goals -- 6.2 Climate Change Projections of Sea Level and Impacts on Coastal Zones and Northern Lakes -- 7 Floods: Climate Change and Adaptation for Human Health -- 7.1 Retrospective Perspectives on Health Risks Associated with Flooding -- 8 Conclusions -- 9 Recommendations -- References -- 7 Flash Flood Management and Harvesting Via Groundwater Recharging in Wadi Systems: An Integrative Approach of Remote Sensing and Direct Current Resistivity Techniques -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 GIS and Remote Sensing -- 2.1.1 A Digital Elevation Model (DEM) -- 2.1.2 Flow Direction Determination -- 2.1.3 Calculating Flow Accumulation and Delineating Watersheds -- 2.1.4 Extracting Stream Networks, Orders, and Automatic Vectorization -- 2.2 DC Resistivity Method -- 3 Case Studies -- 3.1 Mahasen Basin, Eastern Desert, Egypt -- 3.2 Wadi Esna, Western Desert, Egypt -- 4 Conclusions and Recommendations -- References -- 8 Environmental Monitoring and Evaluation of Flash Floods Using Remote-Sensing and GIS Techniques -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 2.1 Watershed and Drainage Network Delineation Using a Geographic Information System -- 2.1.1 Digital Elevation Model -- 2.1.2 The Main Morphometric Parameters of the Watershed and Drainage Networks -- 2.1.3 Sub-watersheds -- 2.2 Estimation of Surface Runoff -- 3 Study Areas -- 3.1 Wadi Firan -- 3.2 Wadi Hashim. , 3.2.1 Land Use -- 3.2.2 Soil Texture -- 3.2.3 Soil Infiltration Rate -- 3.2.4 Hydrological Soil Groups -- 3.3 The Depth and Volume of Runoff -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- 9 Sustainable Development of Mega Drainage Basins of the Eastern Desert of Egypt -- Halaib-Shalatin as a Case Study Area -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Aim and Scope of the Present Work -- 1.2 Location -- 1.3 Climatic Conditions -- 1.3.1 Temperature -- 1.3.2 Humidity -- 1.3.3 Rainfall -- 1.3.4 Wind Velocities -- 1.4 Topographic Features -- 2 Materials and Methods -- 2.1 Satellite Image Collection, Preparation, and Processing -- 2.2 Construction of Base Map -- 2.3 Construction of Geologic and Geomorphologic Maps -- 2.4 Construction of Drainage Net Map -- 2.5 Runoff Calculations and Watershed Modeling -- 3 Geomorphological Setting, Geological Setting, and Soil Characteristics -- 3.1 Geomorphologic Features -- 3.1.1 Geomorphological Units -- Denudational Landforms -- Accumulated Landforms -- Coastal Plain -- 3.2 Geological Setting -- 3.2.1 Description of Rock Units -- Precambrian Basement Rocks -- Cretaceous Sedimentary Rocks (Nubia Sandstone) -- Miocene Carbonates Rocks -- The Quaternary Sediments -- 3.2.2 Tectonics -- Faults -- Fractures -- Dykes -- 3.3 Soil Characteristics -- 3.3.1 Soil Types in Halaib-Shalatin Area -- 3.3.2 Soil Classification of Halaib-Shalatin Area -- 3.3.3 Land Evaluation -- 4 Results of Watershed Modeling and Discussions -- 4.1 Generalities -- 4.2 Criteria of Runoff Water Harvesting (RWH) Potentiality Determination in Halaib-Shalatin Area -- 4.3 Weighted Spatial Probability Models (WSPMs) for RWH in Halaib-Shalatin Area -- 4.3.1 WSPM's Scenario I (Equal Weighting of Criteria) for Halaib-Shalatin Area -- 4.3.2 WSPM's Scenario II (Weights Assigned by the Authors' Experience and/or Judgment) in Halaib-Shalatin Area. , 4.3.3 WSPM's Scenario III (Justified Weights by the Sensitivity Analysis) in Halaib-Shalatin area -- 4.4 Proposals of Surface Storage Projects -- 4.4.1 Proposed R.W.H Construction in Halaib-Shalatin Watersheds -- 5 Land Use Master Plan -- 5.1 Generalities -- 5.2 Master Plan Objectives -- 5.3 The Infrastructure System is Simple and Not Yet Efficient -- 5.4 Land Suitability Analysis -- 5.4.1 The Physical Environment -- 5.4.2 Analysis of Exploitable Natural-Heritage Resources for Economic Activities -- 5.4.3 Analysis of Infrastructures and Network -- 5.5 Land Suitability Map -- 5.6 Land Use Master Plan -- 5.6.1 The Strategy for Upgrading Land Use Master Plan -- 5.6.2 Developing the Master Plan -- Reasons Behind the Construction of LMP -- Land Use Units -- 6 Summary and Conclusions -- Acknowlegment -- References -- 10 Torrents Risk in Aswan Governorate, Egypt -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Study Area -- 3 When Does Change Occur? the Crisis Is in Minds, not in Torrents -- 4 Identification of the Risk and Vulnerable Areas of Torrents -- 5 Causes and Consequences of Torrents in Aswan -- 6 Benefit from the Flood Water -- 7 Recommendations to Address the Risks of Flooding in Aswan -- References -- Hazards, Risk, Harvesting and Utilization of Flash Floods -- 11 Egypt's Sinai Desert Cries: Flash Flood Hazard, Vulnerability, and Mitigation -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Description of Sinai Peninsula -- 2.1 Topography of Sinai -- 2.2 Geological Setting -- 2.3 Soils of Sinai -- 3 Flash Flood Hazard Mapping -- 3.1 History of the Flash Flood in the Area Concerned -- 3.2 Climatic Conditions -- 3.3 Hydrogeological Setting -- 4 Identifying Susceptible Areas Prone to Flash Floods -- 4.1 Vulnerability Analysis and Risk Assessment -- 4.2 Hydrographic Pattern of Sinai -- 4.2.1 The Mediterranean Drainage System -- 4.2.2 The Gulf of Aqaba-Dead Sea System. , 4.2.3 The Gulf of Suez System.