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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alcohol dependence in ICD-9 and DSM-III-R: A comparative polydiagnostic study (1989)
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 239 (1989), S. 101-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Classification ; Alcohol dependence ; Alcohol abuse ; DSM-III-R ; ICD-9
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Diagnoses of alcohol dependence, using the classification systems ICD-9 and DSM-III-R, were compared in a sample of 215 psychiatric outpatients. A lower diagnostic threshold was obtained for DSM-III-R. This category tended to be more inclusive for relatively mild forms of inadequate alcohol use. Of those patients with ICD-9 alcohol dependence, 79% also met criteria for the corresponding DSM-III-R category, whereas 61% of subjects diagnosed as dependent according to DSM-III-R received the equivalent diagnosis in ICD-9. These results were obtained assuming equal base rates (sample frequencies) for dependence and abuse. Diagnoses were further compared with independently derived scores of the Munich Alcoholism Test (MALT), and the validity of DSM-III-R was found to be superior. Checklist-guided interviews had a positive impact upon accuracy and validity of diagnoses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01759582
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Divergence and convergence of diagnoses for depression between ICD-9 and DSM-III-R (1988)
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 238 (1988), S. 39-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Classification ; Depression ; DSM-III-R ; ICD-9
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Contrasting the classification systems ICD-9 and DSM-III-R, a comparison of diagnoses for unipolar depressive disorders is presented from a sample of 168 psychiatric outpatients. A relatively clear correspondence existed between ICD-9 endogenous depression and DSM-III-R major depression. Neurotic depression (ICD-9) divided into either dysthymia or major depression in DSM-III-R. A generally greater variety of corresponding ICD-9 diagnoses was observed for DSM-III-R categories, since patients with eating disorders, alcohol or drug dependence, or with neuroses other than depressive type often received an additional specific DSM-III-R diagnosis for depression. For ICD-9 diagnostics, a decreased threshold was found for diagnosing depressive reaction, as compared with the equivalent DSM-III-R diagnosis of adjustment disorder with depressed mood. A new technique is introduced in order to adjust corresponding proportions according to base rate differences.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00381079
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lifetime diagnoses in patients with somatoform disorders: Which came first? (1992)
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 241 (1992), S. 236-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Somatoform disorders ; Somatization disorder ; DSM-III-R ; Lifetime diagnoses ; Affective disorders ; Anxiety disorders ; SCL-90R
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Thirty inpatients with somatoform disorders were examined with the structured clinical interview SCID for psychiatric lifetime diagnosis. In the present diagnoses, we found a concordance of 63% for somatoform and affective disorders and the lifetime comorbidity of both disorders was 87%. Additionally, patients with somatoform disorders frequently had a history of other psychiatric disorders (for example, anxiety disorders, 40%). For 73% of patients with somatoform disorders and a history of affective disorders, the onset of the somatoform disorder was prior to the onset of another psychiatric disorder. The time interval between the onsets of somatoform disorders and affective disorders was greater than 1 year for most patients; for 46% of the patients with a history of both disorders, the time interval between the two disorders was more than 5 years. The course of illness for somatoform and affective disorders was quite different; while affective disorders tended to episodic periods with interim remissions, the somatoform disorders usually showed long, chronic courses (mean duration of the current somatoform disorder was 11.9 years). Finally, the Symptom Check List SCL-90R demonstrated good discrimination between patients with affective and anxiety disorders. However, the SCL-90R failed to discriminate patients with somatoform disorders from affective- and anxiety-disordered subjects. Therefore, the development of other psychometric scales is necessary for the evaluation of patients with somatoform disorders.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02190259
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The munich diagnostic checklist for the assessment of DSM-III-R Personality Disorders for use in routine clinical care and research (1992)
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 242 (1992), S. 77-81 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Diagnostic checklist ; Personality disorders ; DSM-III-R ; Reliability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Diagnostic checklists for the assessment of DSM-III-R Axis I diagnoses have proven to be a reliable and feasable instrument in research and routine clinical care. Therefore, a checklist for the assessment of the DSM-III-R Personality Disorders (MDCL-P) has been developed. An English version of the MDCL-P is available. The MDCL-P has been tested for reliability in a test-retest design. The average duration of the interview was 36 min. Of the patients, 48% received a diagnosis of at least one personality disorder. The Kappa value concerning the distinction personality disorder as opposed to no personality disorder was 0.62. The range of Kappa values of specific personality disorders, which were diagnosed at least five times, was from 0.35 to 0.79.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02191550
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An empirical comparison of diagnoses and reliabilities in ICD-10 and DSM-III-R (1993)
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 242 (1993), S. 209-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Classification ; ICD-10 ; DSM-III-R ; Reliability ; Case Records ; International Diagnostic Checklists (IDCL)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The psychiatric classification systems ICD-10 and DSM-III-R were compared by applying both sets of diagnostic criteria to the same sample of patients suffering from affective and psychotic disorders. Four independent raters assessed diagnoses according to both systems to 100 written case records which had been prepared in a traditional, standard format. The International Diagnostic Checklists (IDCL) were employed to rate relevant psychopathological signs and symptoms and to apply diagnostic decision rules. The results showed that ICD-10 yielded a generally higher reliability for all main disorders except for bipolar disorder. Overall reliability was κ=0.53 for diagnoses according to DSM-III-R and 0.59 for diagnoses according to ICD-10. Agreement was best for affective disorders, moderate for schizophrenia and inacceptable for schizoaffective disorder. Insufficient boundaries were found in both systems between schizoaffective disorder on one side and schizophrenia and bipolar disorder on the other side. The different duration criteria for schizophrenia of six months in DSM-III-R and one month in ICD-10 tend to have considerable consequences for frequency rates of schizophrenia in a typical clinical setting.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02189965
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