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  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (12)
  • Monkey  (2)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Inflammation research 45 (1996), S. 239-245 
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Schlagwort(e): Airway hyperresponsiveness ; Monkey ; Anti-histamine ; β-agonist ; Steroid
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The following study was performed to further characterize a primate model of asthma using classes of drugs that target allergy (pyrilamine, cetirizine), are bronchodilators for the treatment of asthma (salbutamol, salmeterol) or are anti-inflammatory (dexamethasone). These drugs were examined for their ability to inhibit acute, antigen-induced bronchoconstriction, the development of airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and the infiltration of leukocytes into the lungs of atopic cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca facsicularis) using a 10-day, multiple antigen (Ag) challenge protocol. All compounds except dexamethasone and cetirizine significantly (p〈0.05) reduced acute, Ag-induced bronchoconstriction (salbutamol: 74.2%, salmeterol: 52.6%%, pyrilamine: 62.4% inhibition) compared to vehicle control trials. Only dexamethasone and salmeterol prevented the development of AHR to methacholine challenge by 90.4±6.81% and 85.7±5.61% respectively. Dexamethasone significantly reduced the Ag-induced increase in BAL eosinophils by 85.9±8.53%. Cetirizine reduced the eosinophil response in 5 of 6 monkeys and salmeterol demonstrated a trend towards reduced eosinophil increases after multiple Ag challeng, but neither of these were statistically significant. These results further illustrate the utility of this model in predicting compound effects against several relevant functional endpoints that are consistent with the effects of similar classes of compounds in humans.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Schlagwort(e): Airway hyperresponsiveness ; ZD2138 ; Zileuton ; 5-lipoxygenase ; Monkey
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The effects of two 5-lipoxygenase (5LO) inhibitors, ZD2138 or Zileuton, on acute, inflammatory responses to aerosolizedAscaris suum (Ag) were determined in atopicMacaca fascicularis monkeys. Monkeys (n=6 each group) were dosed with vehicle, 3 or 10 mg/kg ZD2138, or 30 mg/kg Zileuton (p.o.). Both ZD2138 or Zileuton significantly inhibited ex vivo LTB4 production in Ca2+ ionophore-stimulated whole blood from these same monkeys (n=6 each group) by 45.5% (3 mg/kg ZD2138), 82.5% (10 mg/kg ZD2138) and 84.3% (30 mg/kg Zileuton). ZD2138 (10 mg/kg) reduced bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) LTE4 levels (65.1% inhibition), BAL neutrophils (88.9% inhibition), and IL-6 (54.0% inhibition) 4h post Ag. Zileuton inhibited these responses and also reduced BAL levels of IL-8 (73.4% inhibition). A second study was performed to evaluate the effects of ZD2138 on chronic Ag-induced responses. Treatment with ZD2138 did not prevent pulmonary inflammation or the development of airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). Based upon these results, 5LO inhibition significantly reduced ex vivo LTB4 and in vivo LTE4 production as well as several acute inflammatory responses to Ag in the lung. However, ZD2138 did not inhibit more chronic responses following multiple Ag exposure.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 9 (1974), S. 763-773 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The mass spectra and thermal decomposition of Rhodamine F5G hydrochloride have been studied in detail. Fragmentation schemes are presented which show that fragmentation in the mass spectrometer involves principally the substituents on the 9-phenylxanthhydrol nucleus. Mass spectral studies of the related compounds Rhodamine B500 hydrochloride, Rhodamine F5G hydroxide and Rhodamine F5G dihydrogen phosphate are also reported. The thermal decomposition of Rhodamine F5G hydrochloride leads to initial loss of ethyl chloride and formation of the zwitterion which rearranges at higher temperature to a lactone. The further pyrolysis has also been studied.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 27 (1989), S. 191-196 
    ISSN: 0749-1581
    Schlagwort(e): Hindered rotation ; 1H and 13C relaxation measurements ; Molecular mechanics calculations ; NOE experiments ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: A collection of cis- and trans-9-isopropyl-10-R-9,10-dihydroanthracenes were investigated. The cis compounds show large H-9-isopropyl methine coupling constants in the series R — Me, Et, i-Pr, t-Bu (8.8-9.9 Hz) due to a preferred orientation of the isopropyl group(s), caused by a transannular steric effect, wherein the H-9 - isopropyl methine dihedral angle is close to 180°. These preferred conformations are predicted by molecular mechanics calculations (MM2 and MMP2) and data for the optimized geometries are presented. The trans compounds show considerably smaller coupling constants (J = 2.6, 5.0 and 7.8 Hz for R = t-Bu, i-Pr and Et, respectively) and these numbers are easily rationalized from the calculated geometries. However, the compound with R — Me shows an unusually high value (9.6 Hz), and calculations suggested the presence of a structure with unusually large puckering of the dihydroanthracene central ring. This was confirmed by nuclear Overhauser enhancements and by proton and carbon relaxation measurements.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 20 (1989), S. 31-34 
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: Resonance Raman excitation profiles for a substituted phthalocyanine dispersed as a polycrystalline powder in a silver disc were compared with those for a Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) multilayer of the same material on a silicon surface. There is a strong angular dependence of the efficiency of the scattering process. The LB profiles are strongly influenced by the electronic fields from the smooth semiconducting silicon surface, which gives rise to increased π-π* energy separation and comparatively efficient scattering from upper vibronic states.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 22 (1991), S. 771-775 
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) from citrate-coated colloidal particles suspended in organic solvents is used to study surface reactions in an organic phase. Stable colloids which gave good SERS were produced from ethanol and acetonitrile. SERS was easily discriminated from the bulk solvent Raman scattering. Compounds which are sparingly soluble in water including 2,2′-bipyridine and benzene-1,2,4,5-tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride produced good SERS in ethanol. In the latter case, no SERS was observed from an aqueous colloid. Therefore, some form of solvent-dependent molecular recognition may operate. The formation of a bipyridine complex with copper(II) at the surface in a solvent system in which the ligand and complex are both soluble was observed. The solvent altered surface reactions. In the ethanol colloid, in contrast to the result in aqueous colloid, pyridine does not replace citrate readily. This work demonstrates the potential for the expansion of the use of colloidal SERS into the field of surface reactions in contact with an organic phase and is related to metal liquid-like films.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 20 (1989), S. 595-600 
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: Resonance excitation profiles have been obtained for cobalt phthalecyanine at both room temperature and 10 K using a compressed disc of silver and the phthalocyanine. Low-frequency vibrations are shown to be influenced mainly by displacements on the bonding nitrogen, but high-frequency vibrations show a more complex pattern with some evidence that the vibrations v3 and v28 depend on Cα displacements. By comparison with copper, there appears to be a greater degree of scattering from 0-0 and 0-1 transitions and there is a shift towards increase 0-0 scattering in the sharper low-temperature profiles. It is concluded that a distortion, dynamic at room temperature and static at low temperature, plays a key role in determining the relative scattering and this distortion is larger for copper phthalocyanine than for cobalt phthalocyanine.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 20 (1989), S. 375-380 
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: The Raman spectrum of sulphonated copper phthalocyanine on a silver electrode surface is reported for four excitation wavelengths in the Q-band region at voltages between +0.6 and -0.6 V (vs SCE). SERS activity is observed and the bonding and orientation of the surface species are voltage dependent and are inferred from a vibrational analysis. Maximum scattering intensity is observed at -0.2 V (vs SCE) and is attributed to molecules bonded edge-on to the surface through SO3- groups.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 26 (1995), S. 1075-1076 
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: Surface enhanced resonance Raman scattering (SERRS) from cobalamins is reported. To achieve efficient adsorption and strong SERRS, the molecule is adsorbed on a polysine-treated silver colloid surface. This provides an organic barrier between the cobalamin and the metal, preventing denaturation, and gives positively charged groups for efficient adsorption. The technique can be used for in situ studies of changes in the metal coordination sphere, as is illustrated by reduction on the surface using dithionite for both cyanocobalamin and 5′-deoxyadenosylcobalamin. The efficient energy transfer at the surface appears to prevent photodegradation, which is a problem with resonance, and the efficiency of SERRS allows measurements at low effective concentrations.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 16 (1985), S. 245-250 
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: Compacted discs prepared from a mixture of finely divided particles of a compound diluted in a large excess of metal powder facilitate the measurement of Raman spectra for some compounds which give poor scattering by conventional techniques. The method is most useful with coloured compounds. The advantages include simplicity, increased signal-to-noise ratio by factors of up to 1000 and decreased or altered fluorescence. The effect appears to be caused mainly by small crevices in the compacted metal surface which act as internal mirrors to produce many small multiple-reflection cells, but there is also evidence of an electronic interaction with the metal surface. Silver, aluminium and copper matrices were studied, silver being found to be the most advantageous, although aluminium under certain conditions may also be effective.
    Zusätzliches Material: 10 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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