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  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing AG,
    Schlagwort(e): Mine water-Prevention. ; Electronic books.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    Seiten: 1 online resource (521 pages)
    Ausgabe: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9783030670597
    Serie: Professional Practice in Earth Sciences Series
    DDC: 622.5
    Sprache: Englisch
    Anmerkung: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- 1 Water Hazards in Coal Mines and Their Classifications -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Water Inrush Conceptual Site Models for Coal Mines of China -- 1.2.1 Development of Water Inrush Conceptual Site Models -- 1.2.2 Benefits of Water Inrush Conceptual Site Models -- 1.3 Classification of Water Inrush for Coal Mines of China -- 1.3.1 Principles for Classification of Mine Water Inrush -- 1.3.2 Types of Mine Water Inrush -- 1.3.3 Characteristics of Mine Water Inrushes -- 1.4 Hydrogeological Classification for Mine Water Hazard Control -- 1.4.1 Criteria of Hydrogeological Classification -- 1.4.2 Hydrogeological Classification of Coal Mines in China -- 1.4.3 Hydrogeological Characteristics of Mines -- 1.5 Advances in Prevention and Control Technologies of Mine Water Hazards -- 1.5.1 Updated Mining Principles -- 1.5.2 Evolution of Water Inrush Coefficient -- 1.5.3 Supplemental Investigation and Water Inrush Prediction -- 1.5.4 Advanced Detection and Dewatering Technologies -- 1.5.5 Early Warning Technique -- 1.5.6 Innovated Grouting Technique -- References -- 2 Mine Water Inrush Mechanisms and Prediction Methods -- 2.1 Overview of Water Inrush Studies -- 2.2 Water Inrush Mechanisms in North China's Coalfields -- 2.2.1 Hydrogeological Background -- 2.2.2 Relationship Between Aquiclude Thickness and Groundwater Pressure -- 2.2.3 Impact of Mining Activities on Geologic Barrier -- 2.2.4 Laboratory Experiments on Failure of Geologic Barrier -- 2.2.5 Initial Conductive Zone in Geologic Barrier -- 2.2.6 In-Situ Hydrofracturing Tests -- 2.3 Water Inrush Mechanism Through Karst Collapse Columns -- 2.3.1 Karst Collapse Columns and Their Relationship with Mining -- 2.3.2 Hydrogeological Characteristics of Karst Collapse Columns -- 2.3.3 Water Inrushes Through Karst Collapse Columns -- 2.4 Prediction Methods. , 2.4.1 Water Inrush Coefficient Method -- 2.4.2 Vulnerability Index Method -- 2.4.3 Three-Map and Two-Prediction Method -- 2.4.4 Five-Map and Two-Coefficient Method -- References -- 3 Modeling of Groundwater Flow in Karst Aquifers for Mine Water Control -- 3.1 Inputs to Karst Hydrogeological Systems -- 3.1.1 Discharge-Storage Method -- 3.1.2 Recession-Curve-Displacement Method -- 3.1.3 Meteorological Model -- 3.2 Groundwater Flow in Karst Hydrogeological Systems -- 3.2.1 Groundwater Flow Patterns in Karst Aquifers -- 3.2.2 Influenced Flow Patterns -- 3.2.3 Confluent Flow in Karst Aquifers -- 3.2.4 Siphon Karst Flow -- 3.3 Water Budget Analyses -- 3.3.1 Discharge Hydrograph -- 3.3.2 Discharge Recession Analysis -- 3.3.3 Discharge Chemograph -- 3.3.4 Groundwater Level Hydrograph -- 3.4 Statistical and Stochastic Methods -- 3.4.1 Regression Analysis -- 3.4.2 Kernel Analysis -- 3.4.3 Threshold Autoregressive Analysis -- 3.5 Mixing-Cell Models -- 3.5.1 Discrete-State-Compartment Model -- 3.5.2 Water Tank Models -- 3.6 Physics-Based Models -- 3.6.1 Equivalent-Porous-Medium Models -- 3.6.2 Discrete-Fracture Models -- 3.6.3 Double-Continuum Models -- 3.6.4 Determination of Hydraulic Parameters at Respective Scales -- 3.7 Quantitative Analysis of Tracer Tests -- 3.7.1 Tracer-Breakthrough Curves -- 3.7.2 Estimation of Hydraulic Parameters of Karst Conduits -- 3.7.3 Evaluation of Dynamic Dispersion in Karst Aquifers -- 3.8 Application of Dual-Porosity Model to Groundwater Simulation in the Ordovician Limestone in Jiaozuo Coalfield, China -- 3.8.1 Introduction to Jiaozuo Coalfield -- 3.8.2 Karst Conduit Distribution -- 3.8.3 Calibration of the Dual-Porosity Model -- References -- 4 Prevention and Control of Mine Water Hazards from Underlying Aquifers. , 4.1 Water Prevention and Control Technology in Mining Lower Coal Seams Under Potentiometric Pressure in Xingtai Dongpang Mine -- 4.1.1 Mine Background -- 4.1.2 Application of Water Prevention and Control Technology to Mining Under Potentiometric Pressure -- 4.2 Grouting Technology in Thin-Bedded Limestone to Prevent Water Inrushes from Underlying Aquifers in Zhuzhuang Coal Mine of Huaibei Coalfield -- 4.2.1 Background -- 4.2.2 Large-Scale Advance Grouting Technology in Transforming Limestone into Water Barrier -- 4.3 Utilization of the Top of the Ordovician Limestone in the Sangshuping Mine of Hancheng and the Underground Grouting Transformation Technology -- 4.3.1 Mine Background -- 4.3.2 Utilization of Top of the Ordovician Limestone and Underground Grouting Transformation Technology -- 4.4 Emergency Mitigation Technology of Water Inrush Induced Mine Flooding in Luotuoshan Coal Mine in Wuhai Energy Co., Ltd. -- 4.4.1 Overview -- 4.4.2 Emergency Water-Plugging Technology in #16 Coal Seam Air Return Lane -- 4.4.3 Comprehensive Investigation Technology of Water Inrush Point -- 4.5 Characterization and Remediation of Karst Collapse Columns in Renlou Coal Mine, China -- 4.5.1 Mine Background -- 4.5.2 Water Source Discrimination by Temperature and Hardness Measurements -- 4.5.3 Geophysical Investigations -- 4.5.4 Borehole Exploration and Grouting -- 4.5.5 Summary -- 4.6 Design and Construction of Watertight Plugs in Permeable Karst Collapse Columns in Restoration of Flooded Dongpang Mine, China -- 4.6.1 Mine Background -- 4.6.2 Construction of the Watertight Plug -- 4.6.3 Completion Criteria of Grouting -- 4.6.4 Grout Intake Distribution -- 4.6.5 Evaluation of Plug Effectiveness -- 4.6.6 Summary -- 4.7 Utilization of Paleokarst Crust of Ordovician Limestone in Water Inrush Control in Sihe Coal Mine, Shanxi Province. , 4.7.1 Introduction to Paleokarst Crust -- 4.7.2 Characteristics of Paleokarst Crust at Sihe Mine -- 4.7.3 Hydrogeogical Properties of Fengfeng Formation -- 4.7.4 Thickness of Aquifuge in Fengfeng Formation -- 4.7.5 Summary -- 5 Prevention and Control of Mine Water Hazards from Overlying Aquifers -- 5.1 Water Control Technology for Overlying Thick-Bedded Sandstone Fissure Aquifer in Hujiahe Mine, Binchang, Shaanxi -- 5.1.1 Mine Background -- 5.1.2 Exploration and Prevention Techniques for Water Hazards Posed by the Overlying Thick Sandstone Fissure Aquifer -- 5.1.3 Exploration and Prevention Technologies of Water Hazards from Overlying Thick Sandstone Fissure Aquifers -- 5.2 Prevention and Control Technology for Water Disaster from Bed-Separation Voids of Overlying Formations in Hongliu Coal Mine, Ningdong Coalfield -- 5.2.1 Mine Background -- 5.2.2 Investigation and Mitigation of Bed-Separation Water Inrush -- 5.2.3 Summary of Bed-Separation Groundwater Control -- 5.3 Prevention Technology on Water and Sand Inrush in Halagou Coal Mine, Shendong Coalfield -- 5.3.1 Mine Background -- 5.3.2 Mechanism and Conditions of Water and Sand Inrush -- 5.3.3 Prevention and Control Technology of Water and Sand Inrush -- 6 Investigation and Prevention of Water Hazards from Old Mine Pools in Ordos -- 6.1 Background of Mining Area -- 6.2 Technical Approaches -- 6.3 Geophysical Methods -- 6.3.1 High-Density Electrical Resistivity Imaging -- 6.3.2 Transient Electromagnetic Method -- 6.3.3 Shallow Seismic Method -- 6.3.4 EH4 Magnetotelluric Method -- 6.3.5 Control-Source Audio Magnetotelluric Method -- 6.3.6 Magnetic Method -- 6.4 Achievements by Electrical and Magnetic Imaging -- 6.4.1 Geophysical Survey Layout -- 6.4.2 Results of Electrical Resistivity Imaging Survey -- 6.4.3 Results of Transient Electromagnetic Survey -- 6.4.4 Results of Magnetic Survey. , 6.5 Experience with Reconnaissance of Coal Mine Goafs in Ordos -- 6.5.1 Unified Organization and Implementation Led by Government -- 6.5.2 Reliance on Technical Institutions to Improve Reconnaissance Effectiveness -- 6.5.3 Active Cooperation of Coal Mine Enterprises -- 6.5.4 Concerted Efforts from All Parties -- 7 Technologies in Sealing Massive Karst Conduits in Restoration of a Flooded Open Pit Quarry in West Virginia, United States -- 7.1 Mine Background -- 7.2 Water Source and Pathway Investigations -- 7.3 Concept of Remediation Design -- 7.3.1 Selection of Cut off Methodology -- 7.3.2 Selection of Grouting Concepts -- 7.3.3 Evolution of the Remediation Program -- 7.4 Execution of Mitigation -- 7.4.1 Drilling -- 7.4.2 Grouting -- 7.5 Drilling and Grouting Quantities -- 7.6 Impact of Grouting Program on Quarry Inflow Characteristics -- 7.7 Summary -- References -- 8 Environmental Impact Assessment in Hongliulin Coal Mine -- 8.1 Mine Background Setting -- 8.1.1 Geographical Location -- 8.1.2 Mining History -- 8.1.3 Resources and Reserves -- 8.2 Geoenvironmental Background -- 8.2.1 Physical Geography -- 8.2.2 Topography -- 8.2.3 Stratum Lithology and Geological Structure -- 8.2.4 Aquifer and Aquiclude -- 8.2.5 Groundwater Flow, Recharge, and Discharge -- 8.2.6 Analysis of Groundwater Recharge Conditions in the Mine -- 8.2.7 Geotechnical Conditions -- 8.2.8 Characteristics of Coal Seam -- 8.2.9 Other Human Engineering Activities in the Mine and its Vicinity -- 8.3 Geoenvironmental Impact Assessment -- 8.3.1 Evaluation Scope and Level -- 8.3.2 Assessment of Background Conditions -- 8.3.3 Soil Erosion Intensity -- 8.3.4 Vegetation and Coverage -- 8.3.5 Summary -- 8.4 Predictive Geoenvironmental Assessment -- 8.4.1 Predictive Assessment of Geological Disasters -- 8.4.2 Predictive Assessment of Aquifers. , 8.4.3 Evaluation of Impact on Topography and Landscape.
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  • 2
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing AG,
    Schlagwort(e): Mine water. ; Electronic books.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    Seiten: 1 online resource (194 pages)
    Ausgabe: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9783030401160
    Serie: Springer Theses Series
    DDC: 622.5
    Sprache: Englisch
    Anmerkung: Intro -- Supervisor's Foreword -- Parts of this thesis have been published in the following journal articles: -- This research was supported by the following projects: -- Contents -- Executive Summary -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Research Background and Significance -- 1.2 Current Research Status -- 1.2.1 Research on Water-Bearing and Water-resisting Properties of the TOL in NCCs -- 1.2.2 Pertinent Research on Grouting Reconstruction of the TOL -- 1.3 Major Limitations of Current Research -- 1.4 Research Content and Technical Approach -- 1.4.1 Research Content -- 1.4.2 Research Method and Technical Approach -- References -- 2 Paleosedimentary Environments and Karst Characteristics of Ordovician Limestone in North China Coalfields -- 2.1 Paleotectonic Movement in NCCs -- 2.2 Evolution of the Paleosedimentary Environments in NCCs -- 2.3 Characteristics of Karst Development of Ordovician Limestone in NCCs -- References -- 3 Water-Bearing and Water-resisting Properties of Top of Ordovician Limestone in North China Coalfields -- 3.1 Research on Planar Division of Water Yield Property of TOL in NCCs -- 3.1.1 Analysis on the Influencing Factors of Water Abundance of the TOL -- 3.1.2 Comprehensive Evaluation Method of Water Abundance of the TOL -- 3.1.3 Case Study of Water Abundance of the TOL -- 3.2 Research on Vertical Zonation of Water-Bearing and Water-resisting Properties of the TOL in NCCs -- 3.2.1 Three Vertical Zones in the TOL -- 3.2.2 Case Study of Vertical Zoning of Water-Bearing and Water-resisting Properties of the TOL -- References -- 4 Utilizability of Weathered and Filled Zone of Top of Ordovician Limestone in North China Coalfields -- 4.1 Formation, Evolution, and Spatial Distribution Characteristics of the Weathered and Filled Zone of the TOL -- 4.2 Experimental Study on the Utilizability of the Weathered and Filled Zone of TOL as Aquifuge. , 4.2.1 Rock Strength Test -- 4.2.2 Rock Permeability Test -- 4.2.3 Water-resisting Capacity and Rock Strength Test of TOL -- 4.3 Utilizability of the Weathered and Filled Zone of the TOL as Aquifuge -- References -- 5 Criterion for Utilization and Grouting Reconstruction of Top of Ordovician Limestone -- 5.1 Criterion for Utilization and Grouting Reconstruction of the TOL -- 5.2 Thickness of Grouting Reconstruction of the TOL -- 5.3 Prediction Methods of Damage Depth in Coal Seam Floor -- References -- 6 Technical System of Grouting Reconstruction of Top of Ordovician Limestone -- 6.1 Experimental Study on Grouting Material Formula Using Pulverized Coal Ash -- 6.2 Dispersion Properties of Grout in Karst Fractures of the TOL -- 6.3 Surface Automatic Grouting System Using Fly Ash-Based Grouting Materials -- References -- 7 Case Study of Utilization and Grouting Reconstruction of Top of Ordovician Limestone -- 7.1 Background of Tested Working Face 3105 in Sangshuping Coal Mine, Hancheng Mining Area -- 7.2 Karst Characteristics and Water Yield Properties of TOL in Sangshuping Coal Mine -- 7.3 Utilization of the TOL in Working Face 3105 -- Reference -- 8 Conclusions and Innovation Points -- 8.1 Conclusions -- 8.2 Innovation Points.
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 31 (1991), S. 1301-1309 
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: This paper reports both experimental and numerical investigations on delamination mechanisms in [05, 905, 05] carbon fiber(CF)/poly(etheretherketone) (PEEK) laminate subjected to low-velocity impact. It was found that the CF/PEEK composite exhibits the same damage mechanisms as epoxy-based composites, but superior delamination resistance. For the crossply laminate, the impact delamination results from a Mode II interlaminar fracture process, and a close association exists between the interlaminar shear stress field and the delamination growth. The prediction of impact-induced delamination sizes is discussed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 15 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 4
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-03-19
    Beschreibung: BACKGROUND Although SDF-1/CXCR4 pathway is a potential mechanism of tumor proliferation and progression, the mechanism of controlling CXCR4 expression is not fully understood. This study was to confirm that miR-494-3p might be a potentially post-transcriptional regulator of CXCR4 and over-expression of miR-494 might suppress prostate cancer progression and metastasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS We firstly postulated the post-transcriptional regulation of CXCR4 by miR-494-3p through bioinformatics analysis, and then it was demonstrated that miR-494-3p could regulate the CXCR4 mRNA post-transcriptionally by binding to the predicted site by dual reporter gene assays. The biological effect of miR-494-3p on prostate cancer cells proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion was measured by MTT, TUNEL, flow cytometry, migration, and invasion assays. RESULTS It was shown that the mRNA and protein expression levels of CXCR4 were significantly up-regulated in PC-3 and DU145, whereas barely detected in LNCaP and RWPE-1. However, the CXCR4 protein levels were inversely related to the mature miR-494-3p expression levels in RWPE-1 and prostate cancer cells. The constitutive over-expression of miR-494-3p could down-regulate the protein level of CXCR4 in PC-3 and DU145. MiR-494-3p also could bind to the seed sequences in the 3′-UTR of the CXCR4 gene. Artificial over-expression of miR-494-3p could inhibit the growth, promote the apoptosis, and inhibit the migration and invasion of PC-3 and DU145 cells in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggested that miR-494-3p might play crucial role in prostate cancer by post-transcriptional regulation to CXCR4 mRNA. MiR-494-3p/CXCR4 pathway may be a potential therapeutic target to prevent prostate cancer progression and metastasis. Prostate © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
    Print ISSN: 0270-4137
    Digitale ISSN: 1097-0045
    Thema: Medizin
    Publiziert von Wiley-Blackwell
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  • 5
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-01-31
    Beschreibung: A computational fluid dynamics model was developed to investigate the hydrodynamic characteristics of a novel orthogonal fixed-valve tray, which offers a larger effective contact perimeter under the same orifice area than its previously reported counterparts. The liquid-gas phases were simulated in the Eulerian framework, with the interphase momentum transfer source term based on the experimentally obtained liquid hold-up correlation. The simulation results were consistent with the experimental data. In addition, the gas hold-up profile of this new design was compared with its triangular cousin under the conditions of a typical run, showing that the former has a higher froth height, which indicated better interphase contact on the tray. The hydrodynamics of a fixed-valve tray has great influence on the liquid-gas interaction. The characteristics of an orthogonal fixed-valve tray were modelled using computational fluid dynamics and an Eulerian framework. Comparison of the gas holdup profiles of the orthogonal and the triangular fixed-valve tray indicated better interphase contact on the tray for the cross-orthogonal design.
    Print ISSN: 0930-7516
    Digitale ISSN: 1521-4125
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Publiziert von Wiley-Blackwell
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  • 6
    Publikationsdatum: 2013-10-19
    Beschreibung: ABSTRACT Field measurements of the diffusive boundary layer (DBL) and bottom boundary layer (BBL) in two distinctly different coastal ocean environments are analyzed. The dynamic conditions of the BBL have a strong influence on the DBL thickness ( δ DBL ) and oxygen diffusive fluxes at the sediment-water interface. Three different estimates of the Batchelor length ( L B ) in the BBL are obtained from the measured dissipation rate of turbulent kinetic energy ( ε m ), turbulent friction velocity ( u * ), and tidal velocity ( U m ) and bottom roughness length ( z 0 ). The two estimates of L B from ε m and u * have low correlations with δ DBL . The estimate of L B from U m and z 0 has a higher correlation with δ DBL at both sites, suggesting a simple estimation of δ DBL .
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Publiziert von Wiley-Blackwell im Namen von American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 7
    Publikationsdatum: 2015-11-21
    Beschreibung: Purpose To determine whether intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) could detect parotid gland abnormalities in Sjögren's syndrome (SS) patients who were not identified by conventional MRI. Materials and Methods Ten consecutive patients with clinically proven SS who were not identified by conventional MRI were assessed by IVIM MRI with a 3.0T MRI scanner. Quantitative parameters (tissue diffusivity, D; pseudodiffusion coefficient, D*; perfusion fraction, f) derived from IVIM MRI were compared between the SS group and healthy control group ( n  = 15). A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of each significant parameter. Results Excellent inter- and intrareader agreements were obtained during the measurement of D, f, and D* values (interreader, 0.980, 0.942, and 0.883; intrareader, 0.991, 0.952, and 0.896, respectively). All three parameters of the SS group were significantly higher than those of the healthy group (D, 1.049 ± 0.056 × 10 −3 mm 2 /s vs. 0.976 ± 0.116 × 10 −3 mm 2 /s, P  = 0.012; D*, 20.410 ± 1.786 × 10 −3 mm 2 /s vs. 18.764 ± 2.433 × 10 −3 mm 2 /s, P  = 0.013; f, 0.207 ± 0.003 vs. 0.182 ± 0.002, P  = 0.004). ROC analysis showed that the f value had the best diagnostic performance (AUC, 0.712; Sensitivity, 0.80; Specificity, 0.57; Cutoff value, 0.185) in detecting the parotid gland abnormalities in early SS patients. Conclusion IVIM MRI detected parotid gland abnormalities in early-stage SS patients. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2015.
    Print ISSN: 1053-1807
    Digitale ISSN: 1522-2586
    Thema: Medizin
    Publiziert von Wiley-Blackwell
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  • 8
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-08-12
    Beschreibung: Titanium dioxide nanoparticles with disordered outermost layer sturctures have significantly enhanced light absorption and photocatalytic properties and thus receiving enhanced attention in recent years. Engineering the outermost layers using in situ magnesium doping to tailor the band-edge of TiO 2 nanoparticles was achieved via a flame aerosol reactor (FLAR). We proposed that the distribution of doped elements in nanoparticles could be controlled in a high temperature flame process, and which could be predicted by the comparison of different characteristic time scales, such as reaction time, coagulation time, and sintering time. In situ magnesium doping on the outermost layers effectively tailored the conduction band and electron structure of the TiO 2 nanoparticles, and simultaneously improved the maximum photocurrent as well as the maximum photovoltage in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). These improvements were largely attributed to red-shifted light absorption, and rapid photoelectron injection into the conduction band. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 0001-1541
    Digitale ISSN: 1547-5905
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
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  • 9
    Publikationsdatum: 2018-01-05
    Beschreibung: A novel method is developed to realize a III-V/Si dual-junction photovoltaic cell by combining epitaxial lift-off (ELO) and print-transfer-assisted bonding methods. The adoption of ELO enables III-V wafers to be recycled and reused, which can further lower the cost of III-V/Si photovoltaic panels. For demonstration, high crystal quality, micrometer-thick, GaAs/AlGaAs/GaAs films are lifted off, transferred, and directly bonded onto Si wafer without the use of any adhesive or bonding agents. The bonding interface is optically transparent and conductive both thermally and electrically. Prototype AlGaAs/Si dual-junction tandem solar cells have been fabricated and exhibit decent performance. A novel method is developed to realize an III-V/Si multijunction photovoltaic device by combining the epitaxial lift-off (ELO) and print-transfer-assisted bonding methods. The adoption of ELO enables III-V wafers to be recycled and reused, which is promising to further lower the cost of III-V/Si photovoltaic panels.
    Digitale ISSN: 2050-0505
    Thema: Energietechnik
    Publiziert von Wiley-Blackwell
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  • 10
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-05-06
    Beschreibung: From 1961 to 2008, the overall frequency of dust storms in northern China has shown an unquestionable reduction. However, the Hunshdak Sandy Lands of northern China display an increasing frequency in dust storm activities, especially during the period 2001 to 2008. In an attempt to explore the cause of this increase, a comprehensive investigation was conducted by examining the climate variables, the average normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and the local inhabitant migrations. The climate variables include local precipitation, temperature, aridity, evaporation, relative humidity, soil moisture and wind speed. Moreover, by analyzing the 2001–2008 average anomaly charts (relative to the 30 year climatology of 1971–2000) of the upper air and surface conditions, an advantageous atmospheric circulation background for drought development over the Hunshdak was confirmed. Meanwhile, a multivariable step-regression model was employed to distinguish the significant variables of the climate elements mentioned before. The model output suggests that aridity is the leading factor impacting the Hunshdak dust storm frequency. During 2001 to 2008, the lack of local precipitation, higher temperature and strong evaporation deteriorated the local surface condition to below that before 2000, which is verified by the reduction of vegetation cover (NDVI), soil moisture and relative humidity. Furthermore, compared to the 30 year climatology of the wind speed observed during dust storm occurrence time, the mean velocity of 2001–2008 was reduced by 3.0 m s −1 , indicating that even with relatively weaker winds, dust storms still occurred primarily due to the degeneration of surface conditions around the Hunshdak. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society
    Print ISSN: 1350-4827
    Digitale ISSN: 1469-8080
    Thema: Geographie , Physik
    Publiziert von Wiley-Blackwell
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