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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Meiobenthic stocks and benthic activity on the NE-Svalbard shelf and in the Nansen Basin (1987)
    Springer
    Polar biology 7 (1987), S. 253-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary High Arctic meiofaunal distribution, standing stock, sediment chemistry and benthic respiratory activity (determined by sediment oxygen consumption using a shipboard technique) were studied in summer 1980 on the NE Svalbard shelf (northern Barents Sea) and along a transect into the Nansen Basin, over a depth range of 240–3920 m. Particulate sediment proteins, carbohydrates and adenylates were measured as additional measures of benthic biomass. To estimate the sedimentation potential of primary organic matter, sediment bound chloroplastic pigments (chlorophylls, pheopigments) were assayed. Pigment concentrations were found comparable to values in sediments from the boreal and temperate N-Atlantic. Meiofauna, which was abundant on the shelf, decreased in numbers and biomasses with increasing depth, as did sediment proteins, carbohydrates, adenylates and sediment oxygen consumption. Meiofaunal abundances and biomasses within the Nansen Basin were comparable with those observed in abyssal sediments of the North Atlantic. Nematodes clearly dominated in metazoan meiofauna. Protozoans were abundant in shelf sediments. Probably in response to the sedimentation of the plankton bloom, meiofauna abundance and biomass as well as sediment proteins, carbohydrates and adenylates were significantly correlated to the amount of sediment bound chloroplastic pigments, stressing the importance of food quantity to determine benthic stocks. Ninety-four percent of the variance in sediment oxygen consumption were caused by chloroplastic pigments. Benthic respiration, calculated per unit biomass, was 3–10 times lower than in the East Atlantic, suggesting low turnover rates in combination with a high standing stocks for the high Arctic benthos.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00443943
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
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    Skeletal response of Lophelia pertusa (Scleractinia) to bioeroding sponge infestation visualised with micro-computed tomography (2007)
    Springer
    In:  Facies, 53 . pp. 157-176.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-01-05
    Description: The skeleton morphology of the azooxanthellate cold-water coral Lophelia pertusa can be strongly influenced by invasive boring sponges that infest corallites in the still living part of the colony. Atypically swollen corallites of live Lophelia pertusa from the Galway Mound (Belgica Carbonate Mound Province, Porcupine Seabight, NE Atlantic), heavily excavated by boring organisms, have been examined with a wide range of non-destructive and destructive methods: micro-computed tomography, macro- and microscopic observations of the outer coral skeleton, longitudinal and transversal thin sections and SEM analyses of coral skeleton casts. As a result, three excavating sponge species have been distinguished within the coral skeleton: Alectona millari, Spiroxya heteroclita and Aka infesta. Furthermore, four main coral/sponge growth stages have been recognised: (1) cylindrical juvenile corallite/no sponge cavities; (2) flared juvenile corallite/linear sponge cavities (if present); (3) slightly swollen adult corallites/chambered oval sponge cavities; (4) very swollen adult corallites/widespread cavities. The inferred correlation between corallite morphology and boring sponge infestation has been detected in micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) images and confirmed in sponge trace casts and peculiar features of coral skeleton microstructure.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.​1007/​s10347-006-0094-9
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 3
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    Life cycles and reproductive adaptions of marine Oligochaeta from European boreal shores (1984)
    Springer
    In:  In: Aquatic Oligochaeta: Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Aquatic Obligochaete Biology, held in Pallanza, Italy, September 21–24, 1982. , ed. by Bonomi , G. and Erseus, C. Developments in Hydrobiology, 24 . Springer, Berlin, Germany, p. 96, 96 pp. ISBN 978-94-009-6565-2
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-01-30
    Description: Although European boreal shores are inhabited by only a relatively small number of oligochaete species, the life histories and reproductive strategies of these species vary considerably. Growth in naidid populations mainly depends on asexual reproduction (paratomy, fragmentation) within a short period of individual life spans, whereas sexual outbreeding plays only a minor role. Naidid populations are characterized by considerable fluctuations of abundance. Aquatic and mesopsammic tubificids represent a ‘conservative’ type of sexual reproduction within well defined breeding periods. Population structure is fairly stable. Enchytraeids show a variety of improvements of the sexual outbreeding scheme which lead to an amazing plasticity. Other forms of reproduction such as parthenogenesis and fragmentation seem to be of greater importance in enchytraeids. The flexible adaptability of development and reproductive capacity in naidids and enchytraeids is mainly controlled by habitat conditions and population size. A complete review of the biology and ecology of marine Oligochaeta is published in: Giere, O. & O. Pfannkuche, 1982. Oceanogr. mar. Biol. ann. Rev. 20: 173–308.
    Type: Book chapter , NonPeerReviewed
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-6563-8_15
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    OceanRep: Book chapter
  • 4
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    Recent benthic foraminiferal assemblages from cold-water coral mounds in the Porcupine Seabight (2011)
    Springer
    In:  Facies, 57 (2). pp. 187-213.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: Cold-water coral ecosystems are characterised by a high diversity and population density. Living and dead foraminiferal assemblages from 20 surface sediment samples from Galway and Propeller Mounds were analysed to describe the distribution patterns of benthic foraminifera on coral mounds in relation to different sedimentary facies. Hard substrates were examined to assess the foraminiferal microhabitats and diversities in the coral framework. We recognised 131 different species, of which 27 prefer an attached lifestyle. Epibenthic species are the main constituents of the living and dead foraminiferal assemblages. The frequent species Discanomalina coronata was associated with coral rubble, Cibicides refulgens showed preference to the off-mound sand veneer, and Uvigerina mediterranea displayed abundance maxima in the main depositional area on the southern flank of Galway Mound, and in the muds around Propeller Mound. The distribution of these species is rather governed by their specific ecological demands and microhabitat availability than by the sedimentary facies. Benthic foraminiferal assemblages from coral mounds fit well into basin-wide-scale distribution patterns of species along the western European continental margin. The diversity of the foraminiferal faunas is not higher on the carbonate mounds as in their vicinity. The living assemblages show a broad mid-slope diversity maximum between 500 and 1,300 m water depth, which is the depth interval of coral mound formation at the Celtic and Amorican Margin. The foraminiferal diversity maximum is about 700 m shallower than comparable maxima of nematodes and bivalves. This suggests that different processes are driving the foraminiferal and metazoan diversity patterns.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1007/s10347-010-0234-0
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 5
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    Processes driven by the small sized organisms at the water-sediment interface (2002)
    Springer
    In:  In: Ocean Margin Systems. , ed. by Wefer, G., Billet, D., Hebbeln, D., Jørgensen, B. B., Schlüter, M. and Weering, T. C. Springer, Berlin, Germany, pp. 405-418. ISBN 978-3-642-07872-9
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-04-02
    Description: The small sized organisms including prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea), protozoa and metazoan meiofauna (〈 250 µm) are the driving forces for biogeochemical fluxes in surficial deepsea sediments under oxic conditions. The relative proportion of small sized organisms increases along trophic gradients from eutrophy to oligotrophy or from the continental margin towards the mid oceanic deep-sea. They can consume up to 10% of freshly sedimented organic matter per day. The small sized fauna consumes and respires the largest part of organic matter, while macrofauna is instrumental in incorporating fresh detritus into the sediment, structuring the environment and thus facilitating microbial processes. Small organisms, in particular prokaryotes, can adapt to amount and quality of organic matter input. Under nutrient starvation probably a large proportion of the prokaryotic community is dormant and is reactivated during sedimentation events. On time scales of 7–10 days (metabolism) to 2–3 weeks (biomass increase) they can react to pulses of deposition of organic material. However, the history of food supply influences the speed of adaptation and effectiveness of growth. At stations close to continental margins estimates of organic matter input from sediment traps largely disagree with measurements of benthic respiration, carbon turnover or estimates obtained from geochemical modelling. This discrepancy is much smaller at mid-oceanic stations. Lateral inputs from productive shelf seas into the deep-sea are suspected to cause this discrepancy.
    Type: Book chapter , PeerReviewed
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-05127-6_25
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    OceanRep: Book chapter
  • 6
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    Life at the edge: Achieving prediction from environmental variability and biological variety (2002)
    Springer
    In:  In: Ocean Margin Systems. , ed. by Wefer, G., Billett, D., Hebbeln, D., Jorgensen, B. B., Schlüter, M. and van Weering, T. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 387-404. ISBN 3-540-43921-8
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-04-03
    Description: The ocean margins contain a great variety of habitats and biological communities. Recent discoveries, such as deep-water coral reefs, show that these communities are poorly described and understood. However, observations have already indicated that benthic communities on ocean margins show high levels of spatial and temporal variation at all scales. The European continental margin is increasingly exploited for both biological resources (fisheries) and non-biological resources (oil, gas, minerals). Environmental management of the exploitation of continental margins requires an understanding of natural levels of variation inherent in biological communities that are potentially impacted by such activities. This paper presents a synthesis of the present knowledge of the spatial and temporal variation of slope communities. Priorities for future research and its technological development are discussed. The aim of this research is to provide a scientific basis for the environmental management of the continental slopes of Europe.
    Type: Book chapter , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-05127-6_24
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    OceanRep: Book chapter
  • 7
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    Rotifers colonising sediments with shallow gas hydrates (2003)
    Springer
    In:  Naturwissenschaften, 90 . pp. 273-276.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-03-07
    Description: Rotifers, one of the smallest metazoans, are only seldom found in marine environments. Surprisingly, we discovered high abundances of at least two new species of rotifers settling in anoxic and highly sulphidic sediments associated with shallow gas hydrates (GH) at the southern crest of Hydrate Ridge off Oregon, NE Pacific, in a water depth of about 780 m. At basins adjacent to Hydrate Ridge, 1,285–2,304 m deep, we found rotifers co-occurring with the sulphide-oxidising bacteria Thioploca sp.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1007/s00114-003-0423-6
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 8
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    Meiobenthic stocks and benthic activity on the NE-Svalbard shelf and in the Nansen Basin (1987)
    Springer
    In:  Polar Biology, 7 . pp. 253-266.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-14
    Description: High Arctic meiofaunal distribution, standing stock, sediment chemistry and benthic respiratory activity (determined by sediment oxygen consumption using a shipboard technique) were studied in summer 1980 on the NE Svalbard shelf (northern Barents Sea) and along a transect into the Nansen Basin, over a depth range of 240–3920 m. Particulate sediment proteins, carbohydrates and adenylates were measured as additional measures of benthic biomass. To estimate the sedimentation potential of primary organic matter, sediment bound chloroplastic pigments (chlorophylls, pheopigments) were assayed. Pigment concentrations were found comparable to values in sediments from the boreal and temperate N-Atlantic. Meiofauna, which was abundant on the shelf, decreased in numbers and biomasses with increasing depth, as did sediment proteins, carbohydrates, adenylates and sediment oxygen consumption. Meiofaunal abundances and biomasses within the Nansen Basin were comparable with those observed in abyssal sediments of the North Atlantic. Nematodes clearly dominated in metazoan meiofauna. Protozoans were abundant in shelf sediments. Probably in response to the sedimentation of the plankton bloom, meiofauna abundance and biomass as well as sediment proteins, carbohydrates and adenylates were significantly correlated to the amount of sediment bound chloroplastic pigments, stressing the importance of food quantity to determine benthic stocks. Ninety-four percent of the variance in sediment oxygen consumption were caused by chloroplastic pigments. Benthic respiration, calculated per unit biomass, was 3–10 times lower than in the East Atlantic, suggesting low turnover rates in combination with a high standing stocks for the high Arctic benthos.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1007/BF00443943
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
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