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  • 1
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    An implosive seismoacoustic source for seismic experiments on the ocean floor (1998)
    Springer
    In:  Marine Geophysical Researches, 20 (3). pp. 239-247.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-02-08
    Description: Bottom shots have been used for a number of years in seismic studies on the ocean floor. Most experiments utilized explosives as the energy source, though researchers have recognized the usefulness of collapsing water voids to produce seismoacoustic signals. Implosive sources, however, suffered generally from a lack of control of source depth. We present a new experimental tool, called SEEBOSEIS, to carry out seismic experiments on the seafloor utilizing hollow glass spheres as controlled implosive sources. The source is a 10-inch BENTHOS float with penetrator. Inside the sphere we place a small explosive charge (two detonators) to destabilize the glass wall. The time of detonation is controlled by an external shooting device. Test measurements on the Ninetyeast Ridge, Indian Ocean, show that the implosive sources can be used in seismic refraction experiments to image the subbottom P- wave velocity structure in detail beyond that possible with traditional marine seismic techniques. Additionally, the implosions permit the efficient generation of dispersed Scholte waves, revealing upper crustal S-wave velocities. The frequency band of seismic energy ranges from less than 1 Hz for Scholte modes up to 1000 Hz for diving P-waves. Therefore, broadband recording units with sampling rates 〉2000 Hz are recommended to sample the entire wave field radiated by implosive sources.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1023/A:1004552406168
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mössbauer studies related to the solid-state dynamics of C60 (1996)
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 18 (1996), S. 227-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Keywords: Mössbauer spectra ; Mössbauer effect ; other γ-ray spectroscopy ; Crystalline state (including molecular motions in solids) ; Conference proceedings
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Summary C60 (Buckminsterfullerene) is isolated from organic solvents above 260 K as an f.c.c. solid with complete orientational disorder. The rotational dynamics are diffuse and isotropic, with a short (12 ps) correlation time at 300 K. Below 260 K, the solid forms in a simple cubic lattice withPa3 symmetry. The librational motion occurs by activated jumps with a correlation time of about 60 ns at 200 K. To gain further insight into the dynamics of C60, the compound C60Fe(CO)4 (I) (generously made available to us by A. Stephens and M. Green of Oxford University) has been studied by57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy. As expected, the resonance at 90 K consists of a doublet with an isomer shift (relative to metallic iron) of 0.034(1) mm s−1 and a quadrupole splitting of 1.607(5) mm s−1. There is no significant temperature-dependent, intensity asymmetry of the doublet. The temperature dependence of the effect magnitude is well fit by a linear regression over the range 85〈T〈210 K. To elucidate the relationship of these results to the effect of the C60 moiety in I, further lattice dynamical Mössbauer studies have been carried out on (maleic anhydride) Fe(CO)4 (II), one of the few isolatable tetracarbonyl complexes of iron. For (II), the quadrupole splitting is 1.371(5) mm s−1 at 90 K, and the temperature, dependence of the isomer shift is smaller than it is for (I), while the temperature dependence of the recoil-free fraction is significantly larger in (I) than in (II).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02458895
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Application of a new carbon disulfide exposure test in occupational health (1976)
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 38 (1976), S. 115-120 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Carbon disulphide ; Methods ; Exposure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The commonly-used iodo-azide test (IAT) for exposure to carbon disulphide is compared with two new gaschromatographic (GLC) methods. The GLC methods are consistent with each other, but not consistent with the IAT. The urine values of 23 exposed and 6 non-exposed workers were compared with the results of the IAT and the two GLC methods. The conclusion was that GLC methods are better suited for measuring in urine at low exposure for qualitative purposes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00378621
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Concentrations of lead and other metals in blood of two and three year-old children living near a secondary smelte (1979)
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 42 (1979), S. 231-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Lead ; Cadmium ; Zinc ; Manganese ; Porphyrin ; Children ; Smelter ; Biological quality guide for lead
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In 108 two-and three-year-old children the concentration of lead, cadmium, manganese, and zinc in blood, of free erythrocyte porphyrin in erythrocytes, and of haemoglobin and haematocrit were measured. The relation with distance of residence to a secondary smelter and with socio-economic class was studied. The ranges were for PbB 45–383 ppb, CdB 0.2–3.5 ppb, ZnB 2.0–9.7 ppm, MnB 2.7–14.1 ppb, FEP 10.5–138.9 μg/100 ml rbc. PbB was influenced independently by the distance to the source of emission and by the socioeconomic class. FEP increased with PbB; Hb and Ht were not affected. The results suggest that the Biological Quality Guide for blood lead as adopted in the European Community may have to be lowered for young children.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00377777
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Trace element levels in hair of eight-year-old children (1983)
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 53 (1983), S. 127-137 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Children ; Ethnic origin ; Hair ; Nutrition ; Trace element
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A study of trace element levels in hair was performed on 183 eight-year-old schoolchildren living in Bijlmermeer, a suburb of Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Microlevel-elements, such as Au, Co, Ag, Se and Cd, and macrolevel-elements, such as Pb, Cu, Fe and Zn, were analyzed using the NAA and AAS methods. The total group of children was divided into subgroups, according to ethnic origins: Caucasian boys and girls, Hindustani children and a Surinamese rest group. The relation between element levels in hair and nutritional status, anthropometric and haematological variables were studied. Most levels corresponded reasonably with literature data. The iron in hair may be positively related to daily dietary intake of iron.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00378425
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Smoking habits and levels of lead and cadmium in blood in urban women (1977)
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 39 (1977), S. 53-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Lead in blood ; Cadmium in blood ; Sex ; Smoking
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In 222 Dutch urban women lead (PbB)- and cadmium (CdB)-levels in blood were measured and related to smoking habits. PbB ranged from 40 ppb to 240 ppb and CdB rangedfrom 0.2 ppb to 4.4 ppb. Smokers had slightly higher PbB-levels and distinctly higher CdB-levels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00381552
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Blood lead and serum iron levels in non-occupationally exposed males and females (1977)
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 39 (1977), S. 113-120 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Lead ; Iron ; Sex ; Contraceptives
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A study has been performed in 148 non occupationally exposed subjects (19–21 yrs) divided into three groups: males, females without and females using oral contraceptives. PbB-levels ranged from 46 to 238 ppb. Freeerythrocyte-porphyrins (FEP), serum iron (Fe-S), Hb, Ht, total iron-bindingcapacity and unsaturated-iron-binding-capacity were measured. A negative correlation was found between PbB and Fe-S in males only. In females FEP was higher than in males at same PbB-levels. Females using oral contraceptives had higher Fe-S-levels and total-iron-binding-capacity than females not taking these; no difference was found between individual preparations. Two hypotheses are suggested to explain the negative relationship between lead in blood and serum iron in males. In a study of 51 other male subjects, 19-21 yrs, again a negative trend for Fe-S with increasing PbB was observed; the pooled data showed a negative relation; there was no difference in morning and afternoon Fe-S levels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00380891
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Estimation of blood lead values from blood porphyrin and urinary 5-aminolevulinic acid levels in workers (1980)
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 45 (1980), S. 169-179 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Lead in blood ; ALA-U ; FEP ; ZPP ; Dose-effect relationships ; Prediction of PbB
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In about 100 workers from a secondary smelter, lead in whole blood (PbB), 5-aminolevulinic acid in urine (ALA-U) and porphyrins in whole blood (using various methods) were determined. Comparability in the dose-effect relationship between PbB and ALA-U in this experiment with literature results was bad, but was better for PbB and the porphyrins. The best predictor for lead in blood was, of course, PbB itself, followed by the porphyrins. The porphyrin level can be used as a predictor in 1. monitoring groups of workers 2. as a rough indicator of PbB (error 100 μg/1 or 0.48 μol/1) in individual workers with moderate to high levels of lead exposure (say 400–1000 μg/1 or 1.9–5 [mol/l). The ALA-U determination should be made more specific and accurate, while the porphyrin determination should be standardized. A possible procedure for standardizing a porphyrin-meter is given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01274136
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biological assessment of exposure in factories with second degree usage of cadmium compounds (1982)
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 49 (1982), S. 265-273 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Cadmium ; Biological monitoring ; Age ; Smoking habits
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Biological assessment of occupational exposure to cadmium in five different factories with low-level second degree usage of Cd-compounds has been carried out. In 124 exposed and control male workers the following measurements were performed: cadmium in blood (CdB) and urine (CdU), B2-microglobulin (B2M), creatinin in urine (Great), hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Ht). Analysis of 34 pairs of workers matched according to age, smoking habits, ethnic origin and factory, established a significant difference only in CdU, the geometric means being 0.67 μg/g Creat in the exposed group and 0.48 μg/g Creat in the control group. Significant correlation was found between CdU x age and CdB x smoking habits. Multiple regression analysis showed that for each year increase in age CdU increased 3%, for each percent increase of CdB CdU increased 0.28%; for each cigarette smoked per day CdB increased 1.6%. It is concluded that in this type of work the low external cadmium exposure does not express itself in different CdB-levels, but only in different CdU-levels, indicating an increased body burden due to long term low level occupational cadmium exposure. In biological assessment of exposure to Cd, it is essential to take age and smoking habits fully into account.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00377935
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Occupational exposure to antineoplastic agents and parameters for renal dysfunction (1997)
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 69 (1997), S. 215-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Key words Antineoplastic agents ; Occupational exposure ; Hospital workers ; Nephrotoxicity ; Retinol-binding protein ; Albumin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  To study the nephrotoxic effects of occupational exposure to antineoplastic agents, the early renal effect parameters retinol-binding protein (RBP) and albumin (ALB) were determined in the urine of 11 hospital workers involved in the preparation and administration of antineoplastic agents and in 23 hospital workers not involved in drug handling, who served as nonexposed controls. No significant difference was found between the exposed group and the nonexposed control group with respect to the early renal effect parameters RBP and ALB. Although it was demonstrated that the hospital workers were exposed to cyclophosphamide (CP) and probably other antineoplastc agents, the results of the present study show that these exposure levels did not cause nephrotoxic effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004200050139
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