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  • 1
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Ileal pouch-anal anastomosis ; Coloanal anastomosis ; Anorectal manometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This article examines the effect of ileal pouch-anal (n=134) and coloanal (n=16) anastomoses on resting anal canal pressures in 150 patients. METHODS: Patients underwent anal manometry before ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) and coloanal anastomosis (CAA) and again six weeks after ileostomy closure following these procedures. A water-perfused catheter system with four radial ports was used for manometry, pressures being recorded during both station and continuous pull through. RESULTS: Patients with IPAA were younger than those with CAA (34 years vs. 50 years) and had a different ratio of hand-to-stapled anastomosis (1∶2.6 vs. 1.3∶1). All CAA patients had had rectal cancer while IPAA patients suffered mainly from ulcerative colitis (n=114) or familial polyposis (n=10). The mean preoperative resting pressure for all patients was 79 mmHg (75–87, 95 percent confidence limit) and the mean fall in this pressure after surgery was 25 mmHg (−21 to −29, 95 percent confidence limit). There was no difference in preoperative pressure or fall between handsewn and stapled anastomoses, or between IPAA and CAA. CONCLUSION: There was a significant relationship between preoperative pressure and change in pressure that held true for all subgroups (change=−0.7 × preoperative pressure + 31,r=0.69). Analysis of the functional results confirmed that patients with high preoperative pressure are at risk for severe falls after surgery and are not guaranteed a good result. Conversely, patients with low preoperative pressures may actually have an increase with surgery and are not always incontinent. Patients with low preoperative anal resting pressures should not be denied anastomosis to the anus if they are continent.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé La multiplication des registres de polypose a permis de diagnostiquer un nombre croissant de sujets jeunes proteurs d'une polypose adénomateuse familiale (FAP). Afin d'établir des recommandations dans la sélection du traitement chirurgical approprié chez des adolescents (10–19 ans), nous avons comparé les résultats de la colectomie et de l'anastomose iliéo-rectale (IRA, n=17 patients) aux résultats de procto-colectomie avec rétablissement de la continuité par l'intermédiaire d'une poche iléoanale (IPAA, n=7 patients). Les dossiers ont été revus afin d'obtenir des données sur la technique opératoire, les pertes sanguines et les transfusions, la durée de séjours hospitaliers (incluant la période nécessaire pour la fermeture de l'iléostomie), ainsi que les complications précoces (à moins de 30 jours de l'opération) et les complications tardives. Les résultats fonctionnels (nombre de selles par 24 h, usage de médications anti-diarrhéïques, fuites et incontinence fécale) et la qualité de la vie ont été évalués prospectivement à l'aide d'un questionnaire et de consultations de contrôle. Le suivi moyen a été de 49 mois (de 6 à 95 mois) après l'IRA et de 36 mois après l'IPAA (de 4 à 87 mois). Bien que la colo-poctectomie avec rétablissement de la continuité par IPAA soit plus longue (5,75-heures vs 3,1) plus sanglante (500 ml pertes sanguines vs 300 ml) et plus complexe avec un séjour hospitalier plus long (12 jours vs 7 jours) que l'IRA (P=0.008, P=0.006 et P=0.002), nous n'avons pas observé de différence P〉0.05 entre les deux groupes en ce qui concerne le taux de complecations et la qualité de vie. Nous recommandons une colo-proctectomie avec rétablissement de la continuité par une IPAA chez des adolescents porteurs d'une polypose adénomateuse familiale et de tapis d'adénome du rectum présentant des cancers curables des deux tiers supérieurs du rectum chez lesquels le follow-up ne pourra que difficilement être assuré. Dans les autres cas, la décision de réaliser une IRA ou une procto-colectomie avec IPAA dépend des souhaits du patient et de l'expérience du chirurgien.
    Notes: Abstract Increasing numbers of polyposis registries have led to more young patients being diagnosed with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). To provide guidelines for selecting the appropriate surgical procedure in teenagers (10–19 years), we compared the results of colectomy and ileo-rectal anastomosis (IRA, n=17 patients) to the results of resrorative proctocolectomy and ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA, n=7 patients). Charts were reviewed to obtain data on the operative technique, blood loss and transfusions, hospital stay (including the time for ileostomy closure), and early (within 30 days of surgery) and late complications. Functional results (bowel movements per 24h, use of antidiarrheal drugs, seepage, and fecal incontinence) and quality of life were evaluated prospectively with a questionnaire and physical examination. The median follow-up time was 49 months (range, 6 to 95 months) after IRA, and 36 months after IPAA (range, 4 to 87 months). Although restorative proctocolectomy and IPAA, is a longer (5.75 vs 3.1 hours), more bloody (500 vs 300 mL blood loss), and more complex operation with a longer hospital stay (12 vs 7 days) than IRA (P=0.008, P=0.006, P=0.02, respectively), no significant difference (P〉0.05) was found between groups concerning the complication rate or quality of life. For teenagers with FAP and rectal carpeting, large rectal adenomas, curable cancer in the upper two-thirds of the rectum, or who are unavailable for follow-up, we recommend a restorative proctocolectomy and IPAA. For the other patients, the decision whether to perform IRA or restorative proctocolectomy with IPAA depends on the patient's desire and the surgeon's skill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of colorectal disease 8 (1993), S. 134-138 
    ISSN: 1432-1262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This study reviews the recent overall experience in one colorectal surgery department with congenital presacral tumors in adults. 24 patients greater than 21 years of age, who underwent curative resection between January 1980 and August 1992, were analyzed retrospectively. The growths were divided into two broad categories: developmental cysts and chordomas. The most common presenting symptom was pain (19/24). A preoperative evaluation regimen is outlined in the study and includes use of CT scanning, MRI imaging, and possibly the use of endoluminal ultrasound to document the relationship of presacral tumors to pelvic viscera. There were 20 developmental cysts and 4 chordomas treated in this series. 15 of 19 developmental cysts were excised by a posterior approach alone, 2 were excised by an anterior approach alone, and 3 were treated by a combined approach. Trans-sacral excision was carried out in 4 patients with developmental cysts. One chordoma was resected posteriorly and the other 3 through a combined anterior and posterior approach. Three recurrences were diagnosed after excision of developmental cysts at 8, 18, and 41 months postoperatively. Recurrence occurred in 3 of 4 chordoma patients after 25, 32, and 55 months. Reexcision was carried out in all patients. None of the developmental cyst cases developed a second recurrence but 2 of the 3 chordoma patients have recurred, but have undergone local irradiation, which has controlled their disease. A detailed surgical treatment plan is outlined in this article, emphasizing that total excision be the goal surgery, even if this requires a combined anterior and posterior approach. In cases of recurrence of both development cysts and chordoma, re-excision is a reasonable therapeutic option.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of colorectal disease 2 (1987), S. 158-166 
    ISSN: 1432-1262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The major complications of rectal surgery that are wholly or partially avoidable by the use of an anatomically based dissection are haemorrhage from presacral veins, perforation of the rectum, damage to pelvic autonomic nerves and inadequate clearance of a rectal cancer. Important technical points in minimising the incidence of these complications are: (1) posterior dissection in the presacral space; (2) entry to this space by sharp dissection immediately posterior to the superior rectal artery; (3) deliberate incision of the rectosacral fascia; (4) anterior dissection posterior to Denonvilliers fascia in benign disease; (5) removal of the entire mesorectum for low rectal cancer. Other anatomical points not widely appreciated are: 1. The middle rectal artery does not run in the lateral ligaments of the rectum, but below them, on levator ani. It reaches the rectum by penetrating Denonvilliers' fascia. 2. The lateral ligaments may contain an accessory middle rectal artery in 25% of cases. 3. The pelvic autonomic nerves are buried in endopelvic fascia on the pelvic side wall, but come to lie close to the anterior aspect of the rectum at the level of the prostate or upper vagina.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of colorectal disease 9 (1994), S. 5-7 
    ISSN: 1432-1262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Le risque d'explosion accidentelle de l'intestin résultant de l'emploid d'un bistouri électrique est faible. Seul deux cas d'explosion de l'intestin grêle ont été à ce jour décrits. Nous relatons un cas d'explosion de l'intestin grêle survenant au cours d'une stricturoplastie chez un patient porteur d'une sténose chronique sur maladie de Crohn. Afin de prévenir la survenue d'une telle complication dramatique, nous proposons qu'avant toute incision l'on décomprime proximalement l'intestin et que l'on renonce également à l'emploi du bistouri électrique.
    Notes: Abstract Explosion injury to the intestinal tract resulting from electrocautery is a rare occurrence. Only two small bowel explosions have been described previously. Here we describe an explosion of small bowel during strictureplasty in a patient with chronic obstructing Crohn's disease. Recommendations to avoid this disastrous complication include proximal decompression prior to incision and, in some cases, it may be wise to avoid electrocautery altogether.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of colorectal disease 8 (1993), S. 117-119 
    ISSN: 1432-1262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Au cours des 8 ans passés, 61 patients avec hidradénite supparative (HS) ont été traités à cette institution. 24 avaient aussi un diagnostic de maladie de Crohn (38%). Cette pathologie double est examinée en détail dans une revue rétrospective. Il y avait 11 hommes et 13 femmes d'un âge moyen de 39 (18–75 ans). La maladie de Crohn était iléale chez 1 patient, iléocolique chez 4 et affectait le colon seulement chez 19. Le diagnostic de malade de Crohn était antérieur à celui de HS en moyenne de 3,5 ans. A l'époque de la revue, 22 patients avaient une stomie, 23 avaient subi une laparotomie et 17 avaient perdu le rectum. L'hidradénite suppurative est survenue dans les zones périnéales ou périanales chez tous les patients mais occupait aussi d'autres lieux dans 20 cas. Une greffe cutanée a été faite chez 9 et des traitements locaux chez 19 patients. Des granulomes ont été trouvés dans la peau excisée chez 6 malades mais ces découvertes n'étaient pas associées avec un mauvais pronostic. Avec un recul moyen de 3,2 ans après la plus récente intervention chirurgicale pour hidroadénite (1 à 11 ans) 11 étaient asymptomatiques pour leur hidroadénite, 11 avaient des symptômes et 2 étaient perdus de vue. Ces faits montrent que HS peut coexister avec la maladie de Crohn rectocolique, compliquant le diagnostic et la traitement des patients ches lesquels elle survient. Un accroissement de l'appréciation de cette possibilité est recommandée.
    Notes: Abstract Over the last 8 years, 61 patients with hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) have been treated at this institution. Twenty-four have also had a diagnosis of Crohn's disease (38%). This dual pathology is examined in detail in this retrospective review. There were 11 males and 13 females with a mean age of 39 years (range 18 to 75 years). The Crohn's disease was ileal in 1 patient, ileocolic in 4, and affected the large bowel only in 19. The diagnosis of Crohn's disease predated that of HS by an average of 3.5 years. At the time of review, 22 patients had a stoma, 23 had undergone laparotomy and 17 had lost their rectum. Hidradenitis suppurativa occurred in the perineal or perianal area in all patients but involved other sites in 20 cases. Skin grafting had been done in 9 and local procedures in 19 patients. Granulomas were found in excised skin in 6 cases but this finding was not associated with a poor outcome. At a mean follow-up of 3.2 years from the most recent surgery for HS (range 1 to 11 years) 11 were asymptomatic for HS, 11 had symptoms and no follow up was available in 2. These data show that HS may coexist with Crohn's proctocolitis, complicating the diagnosis and management of patients in whom it occurs. An increased appreciation of the possibility is recommended.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 14 (2000), S. 1162-1166 
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Key words: Colonoscopy — Colorectal neoplasia — Follow-up
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Patients with a colorectal neoplasm are at risk for metachronous neoplasia. This risk usually is stratified according to the number, size, and histology of the index lesion(s). This study was performed to search for factors contributing not only to a very high risk of metachronous lesions but also to a very low risk. Methods: An extensive neoplasia follow-up database was used to identify patients who were neoplasia prone and neoplasia resistant. Groups were defined as having consecutive colonoscopies that were either all positive or all negative for adenoma(s). Subgroups with two, three, and four consecutive positive or negative examinations were formed, then analyzed for gender, number of index neoplasms, and family history. Patients with familial adenomatous polyposis or with families fulfilling the Amsterdam criteria for hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer were excluded. Results: The database showed 702 patients who had two follow-up examinations, 103 of which were neoplasia prone and 245 neoplasia resistant. After three consecutive examinations (420 patients), the numbers were 51, and 87, respectively, and after four examinations (231 patients), they were 26 and 34. As the groups became better defined, the proportion of women in the neoplasia-resistant group and the proportion of men in the neoplasia-prone group increased. When gender and number of index lesions were combined, groups were most definitively characterized. Incidence of a positive family history of colorectal cancer was not different between the groups. As the number of follow-up examinations increased, the number of large polyps found decreased. Conclusions: Groups of patients particularly liable to develop colorectal neoplasia or particularly resistant to it can be identified. Female gender and a single-index lesion favor neoplasia resistance, whereas male gender and multiple-index lesions favor a predisposition for neoplasia.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of inherited metabolic disease 7 (1984), S. 12-14 
    ISSN: 1573-2665
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A variety of phagocytic cell and lymphocyte assays were employed to evaluate the immune status of four patients with methylmalonicaciduria. One patient had a depressed absolute granulocyte count and two patients had depressed neutrophil and monocyte chemotactic responses. All subjects had normal neutrophil phagocytic and bactericidal activities. One patient had a decreased T-cell number; blastogenic responses to phytohaemagglutinin and pokeweed mitogen were normal in all subjects. B lymphocyte measurements were variably abnormal; two children had decreased B-cell numbers; two had marginally decreased IgG levels; a third had an undetectable rubella titre; and two had elevated serum IgE concentrations.In vitro exposure of normal cells to methylmalonic acid concentrations up to 50mg/100 ml did not affect chemotactic or lymphoproliferative responses. In conclusion, although B-cell function may be affected, no consistent abnormality of lymphocyte or phagocytic cell functions could be attributed to the metabolic disorder.
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