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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Origin of Antarctic Isopoda (Crustacea, Malacostraca) (1992)
    Springer
    Marine biology 113 (1992), S. 415-423 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract An analysis of the horizontal and the vertical zonation of the Antarctic Isopoda, combined with knowledge of the geological history of Antarctica and isopod phylogeny, revealed that the isopod family Serolidae and subfamily Arcturinae are likely to have evolved from ancestors that inhabited a cold-temperate Gondwanian province. Antarctic species of other families, such as the Munnopsidae, Nannoniscidae, Desmosomatidae and Ischnomesidae, are likely to have evolved from deep-sea ancestors. It is deduced that emigration of South Patagonian species into the Southern Ocean, although possible, probably did not occur very often. Evolutionary phenomena such as continental-drift vicariance, radiation of species on the continental shelf of Antarctica, and active migration, including submergence and emergence mechanisms are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00349167
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New results of the “EPOS” leg 3 cruise to antarctica: Horizontal and vertical distribution of isopods (Crustacea) in the eastern Weddell Sea (1992)
    Springer
    Polar biology 12 (1992), S. 121-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A comparison of the “EPOS” leg 3 material of Weddell Sea Isopoda with the known literature data revealed some new results for the horizontal and vertical distribution of isopods in the eastern Weddell Sea. The number of isopod species known for the Weddell Sea almost doubled to 118 species. New results on the vertical distribution of 11 isopod genera are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00239972
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Composition, abundance, and diversity of peracarid crustaceans on a transect of the Kolbeinsey Ridge, north of Iceland (1993)
    Springer
    Polar biology 13 (1993), S. 565-576 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Composition, abundance, and diversity of Crustacea Peracarida were investigated on a transect across the Kolbeinsey Ridge, north of Iceland in summer 1992 during the M21/5 expedition with RV Meteor. This ridge is influenced by both the cold East Greenland Current as well as the warmer East Iceland Current, mixing with warmer Atlantic water. Sampling has been performed using an epibenthic sledge modified after Rothlishberg & Pearcy (1977). Being one of the most important components of the macrobenthic epi- and suprafauna, composition, abundance, and diversity of peracarids was significantly different on western and eastern sides of the slope. Isopoda and Amphipoda were most frequent at all stations, followed by Cumacea and Tanaidacea. Mysidacea have only been sampled on the eastern slope. Abundance and diversity were highest on the two eastern stations in depths of 830–940 meters, values decreased on the deepest eastern station in 1100 meter depth and were also low on both western stations in 830 and 860 meters depth. These differences are probably due to sediment composition and to quality and quantity of organic carbon reaching the seafloor, rather than to differences in salinity or in hydrographic regimes. The high abundance of peracarid crustaceans, especially of epibenthic species, capable of burrowing within the first centimeters of sediment, indicate their high potential of bioturbation and also their importance for benthic carbon cycling.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236399
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Redescription of Zonophryxus quinquedens Barnard, 1913 (Crustacea, Isopoda, Dajidae) from the Weddell Sea, Antarctica, with notes on its biology and zoogeography (1994)
    Springer
    Polar biology 14 (1994), S. 343-350 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Until now the dajid isopod species Zonophryxus quinquedens Barnard, 1913 was only described from off Cape Point, South Africa. By collecting one male and three female specimens from the Weddell Sea, Antarctica, the known range of the species and genus has to be extended to 69°58.9′S 05°08.5′E. One female specimen was found attached to the dorsal carapace of the benthopelagic decapod shrimp Nematocarcinus longirostris Bate, 1888, which served as a host for the ectoparasitic isopod. The mouthparts of the isopod penetrated directly into the heart of the shrimp. Based on the new Antarctic specimens and the type specimens of Barnard from the South African Museum, we present a redescription of Zonophryxus quinquedens. Possible conclusions from the disjunct distribution for the ecology of the species are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00238450
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Macrofaunal abundance at 79°N off East Greenland: opposing data from epibenthic-sledge and box-corer samples (1999)
    Springer
    Polar biology 22 (1999), S. 75-81 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract During the expedition ARK XI-2 with RV Polarstern in September/October 1995, a transect of samples was taken off East Greenland from the shelf down to about 1800 m depth by means of an epibenthic sledge and a giant box corer, in order to obtain information on epibenthic and endobenthic macrofauna. Within the epibenthic sledge catches, the Cumacea were the most numerous taxon with 32,123 (always calculated for 1000 m) specimens, followed by the Isopoda with 26,914 specimens, and Amphipoda with 20,900; Mysidacea and Tanaidacea were less important. Amphipoda were the most numerous taxon on the shelf, while with increasing depth Isopoda and especially Cumacea became increasingly important. Macrofauna analysed from the box-corer samples decreased in abundance with depth. The highest macrofaunal abundance was found on the shelf, with 8128 ind. m−2 (200 m); below this depth, density decreased from ≈2000 ind. m−2 (at 800 m) to ≈800 ind. m−2 (2000 m). Peracarid crustaceans and polychaetes were, next to bivalves, the most frequent. Polychaetes clearly dominated the shelf communities; their relative percentage decreased with increasing water depth while the relative percentage of Peracarida increased simultaneously. Interestingly, the highest number of peracarids in the epibenthic-sledge samples was reported from deep sea, while box-corer samples showed decreasing macrofaunal abundance with depth. The relative percentage of peracarids in the box-corer samples increased with depth, while in absolute numbers, peracarids from these samples were also highest on the shelf at about 200 m depth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003000050392
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antarcturus bovinus n. sp., a new Weddell-Sea Isopod of the family arcturidae (Isopoda: Valvifera) (1988)
    Springer
    Polar biology 8 (1988), S. 411-419 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Antarcturus bovinus n. sp. (Isopoda, Valvifera) is described from the Antarctic Peninsula and the western and southern Weddell-Sea. This species can easily be recognized by the absence of large spines, the spine armature of the dorsal surface characteristic of other species is lacking. Only A. antarcticus Bouvier, 1910, A. coppingeri Miers, 1881, A. granulosus Nordenstam, 1933 and A. lillei Tattersall, 1921 are similar, but A. bovinus n. sp. can be discerned from these by the presence of blunt supraocular spines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00264717
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seasonal occurrence of planktic Crustacea in sediment trap samples at three depth horizons in the Greenland Sea (1997)
    Springer
    Polar biology 17 (1997), S. 337-349 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Zooplankton were quantitatively investigated in sediment trap samples deployed in the Greenland Sea at three locations (72°00.7'N, 7°02.5'W, 72°23.0'N, 7°42.7'W and 72°22.9'N, 7°42.7'W). Overall samples covered a period of three annual cycles (July 1989 to July 1992). The investigation of zooplankton, consisting almost exclusively of Crustacea (〉 99%), shows that the majority of the species must be regarded as “swimmers”, which actively invaded the traps. Crustacea were composed of 45 species, mainly Copepoda, Amphipoda and Ostracoda. Each depth level showed a characteristic species composition. Diversity decreased with depth. The samples were dominted by Copepoda in terms of abundance and by Amphipoda with respect to biomass. The seasonal occurrence of Crustacea showed a maximum during winter and a minimum during summer. Carnivores were regularly found in the collected material, indicating that they had been actively attracted by the organic matter emanating from the traps. Omnivores showed a distinct seasonal occurrence. During winter, when primary production is low, omnivores change to a predatory way of life and they were consequently also found in increasing numbers. Herbivores were always rare. Due to the high number of “swimmers” found in winter, when particle flux is at its minimum, particle flux measurements may be severly biased at this time of the year.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00013375
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Abundance and diversity of peracarid taxa (Crustacea, Malacostraca) along a transect through the Beagle Channel, Patagonia (1997)
    Springer
    Polar biology 18 (1997), S. 83-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract During the joint Chilean-German-Italian Magellan “Victor Hensen” Campaign in November 1994, samples were taken on a cruise of the RV Victor Hensen in order to obtain faunistic information from the Beagle Channel. Peracarida are an important fraction of the macrobenthos and were sampled in high numbers. Using an epibenthic sledge, 104,618 individuals were collected in total, comprising 62,860 Amphipoda, 14,685 Cumacea, 17,992 Isopoda, 7,168 Mysidacea and 1,893 Tanaidacea. To allow comparisons between stations, these numbers were standardized to a 1,000 m trawling distance, yielding about 368,000 individuals from all stations. Peracarida were most abundant at station 1213, southeast of Isla Picton, in the oceanic area close to the eastern entrance of the Beagle Channel (166,361 ind./1,000 m). Generally, stations off the eastern entrance were characterized by a high number of Peracarida. In the Beagle Channel itself, however, the abundance decreased from east to west with a single peak in peracarid number in the channel east of Punta Yámana. Numbers were much lower at the western entrance (792 ind./1,000 m) and even fewer Peracarida were collected in the Magdalena Channel off Punta Sánchez. Lowest numbers were recorded close to the glacier Romanche and west of Isla Picton at two locations. The composition of peracarid crustaceans was analysed in relation to the background of hydrographical and sedimentological differences, nutrient availability, and knowledge of the other associated fauna in the Beagle Channel. The available data lead us to conclude that abundance and composition of peracarid taxa in and south of the Beagle Channel (off the eastern entrance) seem to be influenced mainly by sediment composition and hydrographical characteristics as indicated above.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003000050162
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Protognathia n. gen. bathypelagica (Schultz, 1977) rediscovered in the Weddell Sea: A missing link between the Gnathiidae and the Cirolanidae (Crustacea, Isopoda) (1988)
    Springer
    Polar biology 8 (1988), S. 359-365 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A new genus (Protognathia) and family (Protognathiidae) are described for Cirolana bathypelagica Schultz, 1977. The morphology of this unique species proves that the Gnathiidae are closely related to the Cirolanidae. The characters of P. bathypelagica are intermediate between the carnivorous cirolanids and the highly specialized gnathiid fish parasites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00442027
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biodiversity of peracarid crustaceans(Malacostraca) from the shelf downto the deep Arctic Ocean (1997)
    Springer
    Biodiversity and conservation 6 (1997), S. 1533-1556 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9710
    Keywords: Crustacea ; Peracarida ; biodiversity ; history of biodiversity research ; environmental factors ; Arctic ocean
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract During three expeditions with the RVs Meteor and Polarstern more than sixty thousand peracarids were sampled from the deep Arctic Ocean (northern North Atlantic) by means of an epibenthic sledge. Sampling areas were the Kolbeinsey Ridge north of Iceland (800–1100 m), the Northeast Water Polynya, off Greenland (45–517m), and 75°N east of Greenland (197–2681m). Until now 288 species of Peracarida have been identified to species level. These 288 species comprise 152 genera and 59 families of Amphipoda, Cumacea, Isopoda, Mysidacea and Tanaidacea. Thirty-eight genera were very frequent and were sampled at each expedition (these were 22 species of Isopoda, seven species of Cumacea, three species of Amphipoda and Mysidacea, each, and two species of Tanaidacea). Sixty genera are eurybathic, occurring at least over a depth range of 1000m, some even from the shelf up to 2681m depth. Only 10 genera are stenobathic, occurring only in the deep sea. No significant decrease in species number with depth or latitude could be observed. The influencing factors probably causing different community structures are diverse, ranging from food availability over substrate or hydrographical qualities to interspecific competition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018318604032
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