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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Life cycles of marine nematodes (1972)
    Springer
    Oecologia 10 (1972), S. 167-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Monhystera denticulata Timm, a free-living nematode present in the aufwuchs assemblages of several marine macrophytes located in North Sea Harbor, Southampton, New York, was isolated from Zostera marina and established in laboratory culture in order to study the influences of temperature and salinity on its life history. Under experimental conditions, M. denticulata has a generation time (Measured as the time elapsing between the first egg depositions of consecutive generations) of 10–12 days at 25° C and 26‰ S, which represent optimal growth conditions in the laboratory. The organism has a generation time of 20 days at 25° C and 13‰, 17 days at 25° C and 39‰, 18 days at 15° C and 26‰, 36 days at 15° C and 13‰ and 34 days at 15° C and 39‰. As conditions vary from the optimum of 25° C and 26‰ S, a decrease in temperature of 10° C and an increase or decrease in salinity of 13‰ results in a doubling of the generation time. At 5° C the generation time is about 180–197 days. Assuming optimum conditions and average generation time, about 15 generations of M. denticulata could occur in North Sea Harbor during the year. The number of generations occurring in reality is probably less, however, due to the fact that the females deposit their eggs over a period of several days.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00347988
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Life history and feeding habits of the marine nematode, Chromadora macrolaimoides steiner (1973)
    Springer
    Oecologia 12 (1973), S. 303-314 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Chromadora macrolaimoides Steiner, a free-living nematode present in the aufwuchs assemblages of several marine macrophytes located in North Sea Harbor, Southampton, New York, was isolated from Enteromorpha intestinalis and established in laboratory culture, where its life history and feeding habits were studied. Under the experimental conditions (25 C and 26‰ S) the worm has an average generation time (22 days) and average life span (45 days) similar to other chromadorids which have been studied in the laboratory. Tracer-feeding experiment with 32P-labelled bacteria, diatoms and chlorophytes indicate selectivity by the worm in both the ingestion and apparent digestion of potential food organisms, with the diatoms and chlorophytes being the preferred foods. Out of a total of 20 species of algae and 14 species of bacteria, two species of diatoms (Nitzschia acicularis and Cylindrotheca closterium) were found which are capable of sustaining indefinite growth. Bacteria-free culture has not been established, however, due to the extreme sensitivity of the worm to antibioties. A comparison of the feeding habits of C. macrolaimoides with Rhabditis marina, another marine nematode fed the same potential food organisms is made, and the influence of selective feeding on the spatial and temporal distribution of marine nematodes is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00345045
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The potential effects of energy related activities on the seasonal trajectories of epiphytic marine diatoms (1979)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 67 (1979), S. 51-80 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): epiphytic diatoms ; seasonal succession ; species diversity ; transplanted communities ; heavy metals ; crude oil
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Seasonal successional trajectories of transplanted and experimental diatom communities were studied during the summer of 1973. Manipulation of these diatom assemblages was accomplished through the development of an in situ experimental apparatus capable of incubating these organisms without doing violence to the community itself. In one set of experiments the effects of water quality were tested on the development of inocula from grossly similar but fairly distant locations. In another set the native inoculum was incubated in the continual presence of Fe, Cu, Cr, Pb, Zn and crude oil. Seasonal succession took place in all of the control and experimental communities. During the course of succession the trajectories of assemblages under some conditions converged while others diverged. Since the random fluctuations in the environment were constant for all assemblages, the abundances of individual species were due to niche packing and interspecific restraints on the biotic potential of selected diatom species as well as the changes in water quality. The most diverse community was an experimentally mixed one. The high diversity of this community was probably due to niche packing a phenomenon which restricted the realized niches of many species and hindered their blooming. Paradoxically twice as many species (40%) had their greatest niche breadth in the mixed community as did species in the transplanted (∼20%) or native controls (17%). Enrichment of the incubation medium with heavy metals and oil altered the community structure and diversity of most experimental vessels. Growth of some species was depressed while that of others was enhanced. The trajectories of the communities enriched with oil and Pb were quite similar throughout the summer. The Cu and Cr assemblages initially followed the trajectory of oil and Pb but later diverged. Greatest species diversity was consistantly found in the community incubated in the presence of Cu. The Fe enriched community generally diverged from all the others. Recurrent group analysis identified distinctive groups of species for each of the experimental assemblages as well as controls. The response of these diatom communities incubated under natural conditions were characteristic of resilient communities in which populations with different structures were quickly established.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00020877
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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