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  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Scientific Societies ; 2007
    In:  Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® Vol. 20, No. 3 ( 2007-03), p. 283-292
    In: Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions®, Scientific Societies, Vol. 20, No. 3 ( 2007-03), p. 283-292
    Kurzfassung: Isolates of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii (the clover root-nodule endosymbiont) from the Nile River delta have been found to infect rice roots and colonize the intercellular spaces of the rice roots. Some of these isolates inhibit rice seedling growth but one in particular, R4, has been found in rice roots which develop and grow normally. We present evidence that the induced growth inhibition is due to a toxic accumulation of nitric oxide (NO), from the reduction of nitrate, and suggest that the reason that R4 does not inhibit rice root growth is because it is capable of completing the reduction of NO through to nitrogen gas. Thus, strain R4 is a candidate for engineering into a future biological nitrogen fixation system within these roots.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0894-0282 , 1943-7706
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Scientific Societies
    Publikationsdatum: 2007
    ZDB Id: 2037108-1
    SSG: 12
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    In: Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions®, Scientific Societies, Vol. 21, No. 7 ( 2008-07), p. 947-957
    Kurzfassung: Sinorhizobium meliloti is capable of establishing a symbiotic nitrogen fixation relationship with Medicago sativa. During this process, it must cope with diverse environments and has evolved different types of transport systems that help its propagation in the plant roots. TolC protein family members are the outer-membrane components of several transport systems involved in the export of diverse molecules, playing an important role in bacterial survival. In this work, we have characterized the protein TolC from S. meliloti 2011. An insertional mutation in the tolC gene strongly affected the resistance phenotype to antimicrobial agents and induced higher susceptibility to osmotic and oxidative stresses. Immunodetection experiments and comparison of the extracellular proteins present in the supernatant of the wild-type versus tolC mutant strains showed that the calcium-binding protein ExpE1, the endoglycanase ExsH, and the product of open reading frame SMc04171, a putative hemolysin-type calcium-binding protein, are secreted by a TolC-dependent secretion system. In the absence of TolC, neither succinoglycan nor galactoglucan were detected in the culture supernatant. Moreover, S. meliloti tolC mutant induced a reduced number of nonfixing nitrogen nodules in M. sativa roots. Taken together, our results confirm the importance of TolC in protein secretion, exopolysaccharide biosynthesis, antimicrobials resistance, and symbiosis.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0894-0282 , 1943-7706
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Scientific Societies
    Publikationsdatum: 2008
    ZDB Id: 2037108-1
    SSG: 12
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Scientific Societies ; 2005
    In:  Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® Vol. 18, No. 9 ( 2005-09), p. 899-905
    In: Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions®, Scientific Societies, Vol. 18, No. 9 ( 2005-09), p. 899-905
    Kurzfassung: Exopolysaccharides (EPSs) and K polysaccharides (K-antigens, capsular polysaccharides, or KPSs) are important for the recognition of the symbiotic partner and the infection process, whereas lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) may function at a later stage of symbiosis. Recently, considerable progress has been made in the structural investigation of rhizobial Kantigens and LPSs. This structural data, together with the availability of more and more mutant data, allows new insights into the structure-function relationships of surface polysaccharides and the mode of their action on host cells. This review focuses on rhizobial LPSs and K-antigens. It gives a condensed overview of the recent developments in analysis of their structures and roles during symbiosis
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0894-0282 , 1943-7706
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Scientific Societies
    Publikationsdatum: 2005
    ZDB Id: 2037108-1
    SSG: 12
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 4
    In: Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions®, Scientific Societies, Vol. 17, No. 3 ( 2004-03), p. 292-303
    Kurzfassung: Sinorhizobium meliloti is an α-proteobacterium that alternates between a free-living phase in bulk soil or in the rhizosphere of plants and a symbiotic phase within the host plant cells, where the bacteria ultimately differentiate into nitrogen-fixing organelle-like cells, called bacteroids. As a step toward understanding the physiology of S. meliloti in its free-living and symbiotic forms and the transition between the two, gene expression profiles were determined under two sets of biological conditions: growth under oxic versus microoxic conditions, and in free-living versus symbiotic state. Data acquisition was based on both macro- and microarrays. Transcriptome profiles highlighted a profound modification of gene expression during bacteroid differentiation, with 16% of genes being altered. The data are consistent with an overall slow down of bacteroid metabolism during adaptation to symbiotic life and acquisition of nitrogen fixation capability. A large number of genes of unknown function, including potential regulators, that may play a role in symbiosis were identified. Transcriptome profiling in response to oxygen limitation indicated that up to 5% of the genes were oxygen regulated. However, the microoxic and bacteroid transcriptomes only partially overlap, implying that oxygen contributes to a limited extent to the control of symbiotic gene expression.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0894-0282 , 1943-7706
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Scientific Societies
    Publikationsdatum: 2004
    ZDB Id: 2037108-1
    SSG: 12
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Scientific Societies ; 2008
    In:  Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® Vol. 21, No. 2 ( 2008-02), p. 219-231
    In: Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions®, Scientific Societies, Vol. 21, No. 2 ( 2008-02), p. 219-231
    Kurzfassung: Sinorhizobium meliloti enters an endosymbiosis with alfalfa plants through the formation of nitrogen-fixing nodules. In order to identify S. meliloti genes required for symbiosis and competitiveness, a method of signature-tagged mutagenesis was used. Two sets, each consisting of 378 signature-tagged mutants with a known transposon insertion site, were used in an experiment in planta. As a result, 67 mutants showing attenuated symbiotic phenotypes were identified, including most of the exo, fix, and nif mutants in the sets. For 38 mutants in genes previously not described to be involved in competitiveness or symbiosis in S. meliloti, attenuated competitiveness phenotypes were tested individually. A large part of these phenotypes was confirmed. Moreover, additional symbiotic defects were observed for mutants in several novel genes such as infection deficiency phenotypes (ilvI and ilvD2 mutants) or delayed nodulation (pyrE, metA, thiC, thiO, and thiD mutants).
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0894-0282 , 1943-7706
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Scientific Societies
    Publikationsdatum: 2008
    ZDB Id: 2037108-1
    SSG: 12
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 6
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Scientific Societies ; 2008
    In:  Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® Vol. 21, No. 11 ( 2008-11), p. 1498-1509
    In: Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions®, Scientific Societies, Vol. 21, No. 11 ( 2008-11), p. 1498-1509
    Kurzfassung: In order to enter symbiosis with its legume partner, Sinorhizobium meliloti requires regulatory systems for the appropriate responses to its environment. For example, motility is required for the chemotactic movement of bacteria toward the compounds released by its host, and exopolysaccharides (EPS) are required for bacterial attachment to the root or for invasion of the infection thread. Previous research has shown that ExoR/ExoS/ChvI as well as the ExpR/Sin quorum-sensing system inversely regulate both motility and EPS production, although the regulation mechanisms were unknown. We were able to attribute the ExpR-mediated regulation of motility to the ability of ExpR to bind a DNA sequence upstream of visN when activated by N-acyl-homoserine lactone. Furthermore, MucR, previously characterized as a regulator of EPS production, also affected motility. MucR inhibited expression of rem encoding an activator of motility gene expression and, consequently, the expression of Rem-regulated genes such as flaF and flgG. Binding of MucR to the rem promoter region was demonstrated and a sequence motif similar to the previously identified MucR binding consensus was identified within this region. The swarming ability of S. meliloti Rm2011 was shown to depend on a functional ExpR/Sin quorum-sensing system and the production of both flagella and EPS. Finally, we propose a model for the coordination of motility and EPS synthesis in S. meliloti.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0894-0282 , 1943-7706
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Scientific Societies
    Publikationsdatum: 2008
    ZDB Id: 2037108-1
    SSG: 12
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 7
    In: Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions®, Scientific Societies, Vol. 28, No. 7 ( 2015-07), p. 811-824
    Kurzfassung: Sinorhizobium fredii HH103 is a fast-growing rhizobial strain infecting a broad range of legumes including both American and Asiatic soybeans. In this work, we present the sequencing and annotation of the HH103 genome (7.25 Mb), consisting of one chromosome and six plasmids and representing the structurally most complex sinorhizobial genome sequenced so far. Comparative genomic analyses of S. fredii HH103 with strains USDA257 and NGR234 showed that the core genome of these three strains contains 4,212 genes (61.7% of the HH103 genes). Synteny plot analysis revealed that the much larger chromosome of USDA257 (6.48 Mb) is colinear to the HH103 (4.3 Mb) and NGR324 chromosomes (3.9 Mb). An additional region of the USDA257 chromosome of about 2 Mb displays similarity to plasmid pSfHH103e. Remarkable differences exist between HH103 and NGR234 concerning nod genes, flavonoid effect on surface polysaccharide production, and quorum-sensing systems. Furthermore a number of protein secretion systems have been found. Two genes coding for putative type III–secreted effectors not previously described in S. fredii, nopI and gunA, have been located on the HH103 genome. These differences could be important to understand the different symbiotic behavior of S. fredii strains HH103, USDA257, and NGR234 with soybean.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0894-0282 , 1943-7706
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Scientific Societies
    Publikationsdatum: 2015
    ZDB Id: 2037108-1
    SSG: 12
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 8
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Scientific Societies ; 2013
    In:  Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® Vol. 26, No. 2 ( 2013-02), p. 160-167
    In: Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions®, Scientific Societies, Vol. 26, No. 2 ( 2013-02), p. 160-167
    Kurzfassung: Symbiotic chronic infection of legumes by rhizobia involves transition of invading bacteria from a free-living environment in soil to an intracellular state as differentiated nitrogen-fixing bacteroids within the nodules elicited in the host plant. The adaptive flexibility demanded by this complex lifestyle is likely facilitated by the large set of regulatory proteins encoded by rhizobial genomes. However, proteins are not the only relevant players in the regulation of gene expression in bacteria. Large-scale high-throughput analysis of prokaryotic genomes is evidencing the expression of an unexpected plethora of small untranslated transcripts (sRNAs) with housekeeping or regulatory roles. sRNAs mostly act in response to environmental cues as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression through protein-assisted base-pairing interactions with target mRNAs. Riboregulation contributes to fine-tune a wide range of bacterial processes which, in intracellular animal pathogens, largely compromise virulence traits. Here, we summarize the incipient knowledge about the noncoding RNome structure of nitrogen-fixing endosymbiotic bacteria as inferred from genome-wide searches for sRNA genes in the alfalfa partner Sinorhizobium meliloti and further comparative genomics analysis. The biology of relevant S. meliloti RNA chaperones (e.g., Hfq) is also reviewed as a first global indicator of the impact of riboregulation in the establishment of the symbiotic interaction.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0894-0282 , 1943-7706
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Scientific Societies
    Publikationsdatum: 2013
    ZDB Id: 2037108-1
    SSG: 12
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 9
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Scientific Societies ; 1993
    In:  Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions Vol. 6, No. 6 ( 1993), p. 735-
    In: Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, Scientific Societies, Vol. 6, No. 6 ( 1993), p. 735-
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0894-0282
    Sprache: Unbekannt
    Verlag: Scientific Societies
    Publikationsdatum: 1993
    ZDB Id: 2037108-1
    SSG: 12
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 10
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Scientific Societies ; 2009
    In:  Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® Vol. 22, No. 12 ( 2009-12), p. 1656-1668
    In: Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions®, Scientific Societies, Vol. 22, No. 12 ( 2009-12), p. 1656-1668
    Kurzfassung: The protein tyrosine kinase ExoP, consisting of an N-terminal periplasmic and a C-terminal cytoplasmic domain, is important for polymerization of the exopolysaccharide succinoglycan (EPS I) in Sinorhizobium meliloti. We analyzed the contribution of the ExoP paralogs ExoP2 and SMb21506 to the production of the high molecular weight (HMW) form of EPS I. ExoP2, though not contributing to EPS I or lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis, showed increased expression at high osmolarity and was expressed in Medicago sativa nodules, suggesting an involvement in the synthesis of an as-yet-unidentified polysaccharide. Furthermore, a mutation in SMb21506 affected the production of HMW EPS I, particularly in the absence of the C-terminal ExoP domain. High salinity induced the production of HMW EPS I by the wild type and mutants whereas high osmolarity had the opposite effect. It was shown that ExoP localizes at the inner membrane of S. meliloti cells. Tyrosine phosphorylation of the C-terminal domain was strongly increased by amino acid substitutions in the polysaccharide co-polymerase motif (formerly proline-rich motif) located in the N-terminal domain, suggesting that this phosphorylation could be modulated by conformational changes of the N-terminal domain. Moreover, deletion of a coiled-coil motif present in the N-terminal domain abolished phosphorylation and EPS I production and, consequently, the ability to nodulate M. sativa.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0894-0282 , 1943-7706
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Scientific Societies
    Publikationsdatum: 2009
    ZDB Id: 2037108-1
    SSG: 12
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
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