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  • 1
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    Filial piety in contemporary Chinese societies: A comparative study of Taiwan, Hong Kong, and China
    SAGE Publications ; 2013
    In:  International Sociology Vol. 28, No. 3 ( 2013-05), p. 277-296
    Details
    In: International Sociology, SAGE Publications, Vol. 28, No. 3 ( 2013-05), p. 277-296
    Abstract: This study investigates the functions and implications of contemporary filial piety in three Chinese societies, namely, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and China, using large-scale cross-national datasets from the 2006 East Asian Social Survey. Despite the shared Confucian cultural values among these three societies, they have sharply differed in their paths toward modernization and in the development of their sociopolitical structures over the last century. The authors propose that the implications and influences of filial piety tend to be more similar in Taiwan and Hong Kong, but may be different in China because of profound differences in its sociopolitical system. Using the dual filial piety model as the baseline for comparative analyses, the results show that dual filial piety can be found in all three societies, although there are some componential alterations in China. The study also goes beyond the common practice of treating filial piety within the confines of caring for family elders by considering its functional utility to influence an individual’s sociopsychological outcomes. The regression results support the significance of dual filial piety and its close association with various aspects of daily life in contemporary Chinese societies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0268-5809 , 1461-7242
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0268580913484345
    RVK:
    MN 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2013
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  • 2
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    Oxidative DNA damage estimated by urinary 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine and arsenic in glass production workers
    SAGE Publications ; 2012
    In:  Toxicology and Industrial Health Vol. 28, No. 6 ( 2012-07), p. 513-521
    Details
    In: Toxicology and Industrial Health, SAGE Publications, Vol. 28, No. 6 ( 2012-07), p. 513-521
    Abstract: A total of 130 male glass workers, including 33 administrative workers, 18 batch house workers, 42 craftsmen, and 37 melting process workers, were recruited to investigate the potential DNA damage resulting from toxic element exposure. The occupational exposure to trace elements, including arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and selenium (Se), was estimated by their urinary levels as internal doses. In addition, all participants filled a self-filled questionnaire indicating their individual information. The average levels of urinary As, Cd, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se, and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were 282.3 ± 464.6, 3.07 ± 5.39, 3.81 ± 11.43, 81.48 ± 138.9, 18.23 ± 49.61, 165.2 ± 224.9, and 17.21 ± 26.34 μg/g creatinine, respectively. The urinary levels of 8-OHdG and toxic elements were strongly associated with the work nature of the worker, with an exception of Mn and Pb. In contrast, the levels of toxic element were not influenced by age, smoking behavior, and alcohol consumption. The urinary 8-OHdG was found significantly higher in higher internal exposure groups of As, Cd, Ni, and Se. However, the stepwise multiple regression models showed that urinary 8-OHdG was only associated with urinary As and heat stress but inversely with age.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0748-2337 , 1477-0393
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0748233711416945
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2012
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  • 3
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    Effectiveness of stereotactic ablative radiotherapy in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma unsuitable for transarterial chemoembolization
    SAGE Publications ; 2019
    In:  Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology Vol. 11 ( 2019-01), p. 175883591988900-
    Details
    In: Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology, SAGE Publications, Vol. 11 ( 2019-01), p. 175883591988900-
    Abstract: Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) can deliver tumoricidal doses and achieve long-term control in early hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, limited studies have investigated the safety and effectiveness of SABR in patients with advanced diseases that is unsuitable for transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). Methods: In this observational study, we reviewed the medical records of patients with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage C disease treated with linear accelerator-based SABR between 2008 and 2016. Their tumors were either refractory to TACE or TACE was contraindicated. Overall survival (OS), in-field progression-free survival (IFPFS), and out-field progression-free survival were calculated using Kaplan–Meier analysis. The Cox regression model was used to examine the effects of variables. Treatment-related toxicities were scored according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (version 4.03) and whether patients developed radiation-induced liver disease (RILD) after SABR. Results: This study included 32 patients. The mean maximal tumor diameter and tumor volumes were 4.7 cm and 135.9 ml, respectively. Patients received linear accelerator-based SABR with a median prescribed dose of 48 Gy (30–60 Gy) in three to six fractions. Based on the assessment of treatment response by using the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (version 1.1), 19% of patients achieved a complete response and 53% achieved a partial response. After a median follow-up of 18.1 months (4.0–65.9 months), 10, 19, and 9 patients experienced in-field failure, out-field hepatic recurrence, and extrahepatic metastases, respectively. The estimated 2-year OS and IFPFS rates were 54.4% and 62.7%, respectively. In a multivariate analysis, a pretreatment Cancer of the Liver Italian Program (CLIP) score of ⩾2 ( p = 0.01) was a prognostic factor for shorter OS, and a biologically effective dose (BED) of  〈  85 Gy 10 ( p = 0.011) and a Child–Pugh score of ⩾6 ( p = 0.014) were prognostic factors for inferior IFPFS. In this study five and eight patients developed classic and nonclassic RILD, respectively. Conclusions: SABR can serve as a salvage treatment for patients with HCC with BCLC stage C disease unsuitable for TACE, in particular, in those with a baseline CLIP score of ⩽1. A BED 10 of ⩾85 Gy is an appropriate prescribed dose for tumor control. Because out-field relapse is the major cause of treatment failure, SABR in combination with novel systemic modalities should be investigated in future studies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1758-8359 , 1758-8359
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1758835919889002
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 4
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    The relative importance of predictive factors for single first-generation EGFR-TKI use for more than 5 years in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer: Taiwan multicenter TIPS-5 study
    SAGE Publications ; 2021
    In:  Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology Vol. 13 ( 2021-01), p. 175883592110180-
    Details
    In: Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology, SAGE Publications, Vol. 13 ( 2021-01), p. 175883592110180-
    Abstract: The relative importance of predictive factors for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients on epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment remains unclear. Materials and methods: We retrospectively enrolled advanced NSCLC patients with single first-generation EGFR-TKI treatment for ⩾5 years (Y) in Taiwan. Clinical data was collected and compared with those of another cohort with single first-line EGFR-TKI treatment for 〈 5 Y. Plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) samples were collected from patient subsets, pre- and post-TKI, in the 〉 5 Y group. Results: Overall, 128 and 278 patients were enrolled in the ⩾5 Y and 〈 5 Y groups, respectively. Significant factors in the multivariate analysis of patients’ characteristics including Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0–1, postoperative recurrence, without brain metastasis, oligometastasis (each score of 2), female sex, erlotinib use, and without bone metastasis (each score of 1), were incorporated into a risk scoring system. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.82 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.78–0.86]. Of the plasma cfDNA samples from 33 patients in the ⩾5 Y group, only 1 had a T790M in 25 patients without progressive disease. In 27 patients with single agent use for ⩾96 months, 22 (81.5%) received local treatment (surgery or radiotherapy) for the primary lung tumor before and during TKI treatment. Conclusion: For NSCLC patients with single first-generation EGFR-TKI use for ⩾5 Y, factors with different relative importance exist and the risk-scoring model is feasible with modest accuracy. The role of local treatment for primary tumors in patients with long-term TKI use requires further investigation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1758-8359 , 1758-8359
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/17588359211018022
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 5
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    Artificial intelligence-enabled electrocardiogram screens low left ventricular ejection fraction with a degree of confidence
    SAGE Publications ; 2022
    In:  DIGITAL HEALTH Vol. 8 ( 2022-01), p. 205520762211432-
    Details
    In: DIGITAL HEALTH, SAGE Publications, Vol. 8 ( 2022-01), p. 205520762211432-
    Abstract: Artificial intelligence-enabled electrocardiogram has become a substitute tool for echocardiography in left ventricular ejection fraction estimation. However, the direct use of artificial intelligence-enabled electrocardiogram may be not trustable due to the uncertainty of the prediction. Objective The study aimed to establish an artificial intelligence-enabled electrocardiogram with a degree of confidence to identify left ventricular dysfunction. Methods The study collected 76,081 and 11,771 electrocardiograms from an academic medical center and a community hospital to establish and validate the deep learning model, respectively. The proposed deep learning model provided the point estimation of the actual ejection fraction and its standard deviation derived from the maximum probability density function of a normal distribution. The primary analysis focused on the accuracy of identifying patients with left ventricular dysfunction (ejection fraction ≤ 40%). Since the standard deviation was an uncertainty indicator in a normal distribution, we used it as a degree of confidence in the artificial intelligence-enabled electrocardiogram. We further explored the clinical application of estimated standard deviation and followed up on the new-onset left ventricular dysfunction in patients with initially normal ejection fraction. Results The area under receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) of detecting left ventricular dysfunction were 0.9549 and 0.9365 in internal and external validation sets. After excluding the cases with a lower degree of confidence, the artificial intelligence-enabled electrocardiogram performed better in the remaining cases in internal (AUC = 0.9759) and external (AUC = 0.9653) validation sets. For the application of future left ventricular dysfunction risk stratification in patients with initially normal ejection fraction, a 4.57-fold risk of future left ventricular dysfunction when the artificial intelligence-enabled electrocardiogram is positive in the internal validation set. The hazard ratio was increased to 8.67 after excluding the cases with a lower degree of confidence. This trend was also validated in the external validation set. Conclusion The deep learning model with a degree of confidence can provide advanced improvements in identifying left ventricular dysfunction and serve as a decision support and management-guided screening tool for prognosis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2055-2076 , 2055-2076
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/20552076221143249
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 6
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    Comparison of Locking-Loop Suture Bridge Repair and Single-Row Suture Anchor Repair in Small to Medium Rotator Cuff Tears: A Prospective Cohort Study With Clinical and Ultrasound Evaluations
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2023-01-01), p. 232596712211422-
    Details
    In: Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine, SAGE Publications, Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2023-01-01), p. 232596712211422-
    Abstract: Single-row (SR) and double-row repair techniques have been described to treat rotator cuff tears. We present a novel surgical strategy of arthroscopic-assisted mini-open repair in which a locking-loop suture bridge (LLSB) is used. Purpose: To compare the functional outcomes and repair integrity of LLSB technique to the SR technique for arthroscopic-assisted mini-open repair of small to medium rotator cuff tears. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Included were 39 patients who underwent LLSB repair (LLSB group) and 44 patients who underwent SR suture anchor repair (SR group) from 2015 to 2018. We evaluated all patients preoperatively and at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months postoperatively using the visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, Oxford Shoulder Score (OSS), and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score. Also, shoulder sonography was performed at 12 months postoperatively to evaluate repair integrity using the Sugaya classification system. The independent-sample t test was used to analyze functional outcomes (VAS, OSS, and ASES scores), and the Fisher exact test was used to analyze postoperative sonography results. Results: Patients in both the LLSB and SR groups saw a significant improvement on all 3 outcome measures from preoperatively to 24 months postoperatively ( P 〈 .001 for all). However, when comparing scores between groups, only the scores at 3 months postoperatively differed significantly (VAS: P = .002; OSS: P 〈 .001; ASES: P = .005). Shoulder sonography at 12 months postoperatively revealed no significant difference in repair integrity between the LLSB and SR groups (retear rate: 10.26% and 6.82%, respectively; P = .892). Conclusion: Better outcome scores were seen at 3-month follow-up in the LLSB group, with no difference in retear rates compared with the SR group at 12 months postoperatively. The LLSB technique was found to be a reliable technique for rotator cuff repair of small- to medium-sized tears.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2325-9671 , 2325-9671
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/23259671221142242
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 7
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    Transtubular potassium gradient predicts kidney function impairment after adrenalectomy in primary aldosteronism
    SAGE Publications ; 2020
    In:  Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease Vol. 11 ( 2020-01), p. 204062232094479-
    Details
    In: Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease, SAGE Publications, Vol. 11 ( 2020-01), p. 204062232094479-
    Abstract: In primary aldosteronism (PA), kidney function impairment could be concealed by relative hyperfiltration and emerge after adrenalectomy. We hypothesized transtubular gradient potassium gradient (TTKG), a kidney aldosterone bioactivity indicator, could correlate to end organ damage and forecast kidney function impairment after adrenalectomy. Methods: In the present prospective study, we enrolled lateralized PA patients who underwent adrenalectomy and were followed up 12 months after operation in the Taiwan Primary Aldosteronism Investigation (TAIPAI) registry from 2010 to 2018. The clinical outcome was kidney function impairment, defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 〈 60 ml/min/1.73 m 2 at 12 months after adrenalectomy. End organ damage is determined by microalbuminuria and left ventricular mass. Results: In total, 323 patients [mean, 50.8 ± 10.9 years old; female 178 (55.1%)] were enrolled. Comparing pre-operation and post-operation data, systolic blood pressure, serum aldosterone, urinary albumin to creatinine ratio and eGFR decreased. TTKG ⩾ 4.9 correlated with pre-operative urinary albumin to creatinine ratio 〉 50 mg/g [odds ratio (OR) = 2.42; p = 0.034] and left ventricular mass (B = 20.10; p = 0.018). Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that TTKG ⩾ 4.9 could predict concealed chronic kidney disease (OR = 5.42; p = 0.011) and clinical success (OR = 2.90, p = 0.017) at 12 months after adrenalectomy. Conclusions: TTKG could predict concealed kidney function impairment and cure of hypertension in PA patients after adrenalectomy. TTKG more than 4.9 as an adverse surrogate of aldosterone and hypokalaemia correlated with pre-operative end organ damage in terms of high proteinuria and cardiac hypertrophy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2040-6223 , 2040-6231
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/2040622320944792
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 8
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    Modulation of both activator protein-1 and nuclear factor-kappa B signal transduction of human T cells by amiodarone
    SAGE Publications ; 2015
    In:  Experimental Biology and Medicine Vol. 240, No. 1 ( 2015-01), p. 99-108
    Details
    In: Experimental Biology and Medicine, SAGE Publications, Vol. 240, No. 1 ( 2015-01), p. 99-108
    Abstract: Amiodarone, a common and effective antiarrhythmic drug, has been reported to have anti-inflammatory effects such as reducing the activation and movement of neutrophils. However, its effects on human T cells remain unclear. The aim of this study was to elucidate the effects and possible underlying mechanisms of amiodarone on human T cells. We isolated human primary T cells from the peripheral blood of healthy volunteers and performed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), flow cytometry, electrophoretic mobility shift assay, luciferase assay, and Western blotting to evaluate the modulatory effects of amiodarone on human T cells. We found that amiodarone dose dependently inhibited the production of cytokines, including interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-4, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interferon-gamma in activated human T cells. By flow cytometry, we demonstrated that amiodarone suppressed the expression of IL-2 receptor-alpha (CD25) and CD69, the cell surface markers of activated T cells. Moreover, molecular investigations revealed that amiodarone down-regulated activator protein-1 (AP-1) and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) DNA-binding activities in activated human T cells and also inhibited DNA binding and transcriptional activities of both AP-1 and NF-κB in Jurkat cells. Finally, by Western blotting, we showed that amiodarone reduced the activation of c-Jun NH 2 -terminal protein kinase and P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, and suppressed stimuli-induced I-kappa B-alpha degradation in activated human T cells. Through regulation of AP-1 and NF-κB signaling, amiodarone inhibits cytokine production and T cell activation. These results show the pleiotropic effects of amiodarone on human T cells and suggest its therapeutic potential in inflammation-related cardiovascular disorders.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1535-3702 , 1535-3699
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1535370214544263
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020856-X
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  • 9
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    Solannm lyratum extract affected immune response in normal and leukemia murine animal in vivo
    SAGE Publications ; 2010
    In:  Human & Experimental Toxicology Vol. 29, No. 5 ( 2010-05), p. 359-367
    Details
    In: Human & Experimental Toxicology, SAGE Publications, Vol. 29, No. 5 ( 2010-05), p. 359-367
    Abstract: Solanum lyratum Thunberg (Solanaceae) has been used as a folk medicine for treating liver, lung and esophagus in the Chinese population. Our previous studies have shown that the crude extract of S. lyratum Thunberg (SLE) induced apoptosis in colo 205 human colon adenocarcinoma cells; however, there is no report to show SLE affect immune responses in vivo. In this study, the in vivo effects of SLE on leukemia WEHI-3 cells and immune responses such as phagocytosis and natural killer (NK) cell activity in normal and leukemia mice were investigated. The SLE treatment decreases surface markers of CD3 and Mac-3 in normal and leukemia mice but promoted the cell markers of CD19 and CD11b in normal mice and CD11b in leukemia mice indicating that the precursors of T cells was inhibited and B cells and macrophage were promoted. The SLE treatment promoted the activity of macrophage phagocytosis in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and peritoneal cells from normal and leukemia mice. The results also showed that NK cells from the normal and leukemia mice after treatment with SLE can kill the YAC-1 target cells. Therefore, the SLE treatment increased macrophage and NK cell activities. These consistent results indicate SLE could be a potent immune responses agent.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0960-3271 , 1477-0903
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0960327110364153
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2010
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  • 10
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    Risk factor analysis of nosocomial lower respiratory tract infection in influenza-related acute respiratory distress syndrome
    SAGE Publications ; 2020
    In:  Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease Vol. 14 ( 2020-01), p. 175346662094241-
    Details
    In: Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease, SAGE Publications, Vol. 14 ( 2020-01), p. 175346662094241-
    Abstract: Patients with severe influenza-related acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) have high morbidity and mortality. Moreover, nosocomial lower respiratory tract infection (NLRTI) complicates their clinical management and possibly worsens their outcomes. This study aimed to explore the clinical features and impact of NLRTI in patients with severe influenza-related ARDS. Methods: This was an institutional review board approved, retrospective, observational study conducted in eight medical centers in Taiwan. From January 1 to March 31 in 2016, subjects were enrolled from intensive care units (ICUs) with virology-proven influenza pneumonia, while all of those patients with ARDS requiring invasive mechanical ventilation and without bacterial community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) were analyzed. Baseline characteristics, critical-illness data and clinical outcomes were recorded. Results: Among the 316 screened patients with severe influenza pneumonia, 250 with acute respiratory failure requiring intubation met the criteria of ARDS, without having bacterial CAP. Among them, 72 patients developed NLRTI. The independent risk factors for NLRTI included immunosuppressant use before influenza infection [odds ratio (OR), 5.669; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.770–18.154], extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) use after ARDS (OR, 2.440; 95% CI, 1.214–4.904) and larger corticosteroid dosage after ARDS (OR, 1.209; 95% CI, 1.038–1.407). Patients with NLRTI had higher in-hospital mortality and longer ICU stay, hospitalization and duration on mechanical ventilation. Conclusion: We found that immunosuppressant use before influenza infection, ECMO use, and larger steroid dosage after ARDS independently predict NLRTI in influenza-related ARDS. Moreover, NLRTI results in poorer outcomes in patients with severe influenza. The reviews of this paper are available via the supplemental material section.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1753-4666 , 1753-4666
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1753466620942417
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2020
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