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  • 1
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    Hierarchical chirality transfer in the growth of Towel Gourd tendrils (2013)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-11-01
    Description: Chirality plays a significant role in the physical properties and biological functions of many biological materials, e.g., climbing tendrils and twisted leaves, which exhibit chiral growth. However, the mechanisms underlying the chiral growth of biological materials remain unclear. In this paper, we investigate how the Towel Gourd tendrils achieve their chiral growth. Our experiments reveal that the tendrils have a hierarchy of chirality, which transfers from the lower levels to the higher. The change in the helical angle of cellulose fibrils at the subcellular level induces an intrinsic torsion of tendrils, leading to the formation of the helical morphology of tendril filaments. A chirality transfer model is presented to elucidate the chiral growth of tendrils. This present study may help understand various chiral phenomena observed in biological materials. It also suggests that chirality transfer can be utilized in the development of hierarchically chiral materials having unique properties. Scientific Reports 3 doi: 10.1038/srep03102
    Electronic ISSN: 2045-2322
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 2
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    Structure of the intact ATM/Tel1 kinase (2016)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2016-05-29
    Description: Article The ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) protein kinase is a key player in the response to DNA damage and is essential for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. Here the authors describe the cryo-EM structure of ATM/Tel1 from fission yeast that suggests how dimerization regulates its activity. Nature Communications doi: 10.1038/ncomms11655 Authors: Xuejuan Wang, Huanyu Chu, Mengjuan Lv, Zhihui Zhang, Shuwan Qiu, Haiyan Liu, Xuetong Shen, Weiwu Wang, Gang Cai
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-1723
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 3
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    Sensors, Vol. 16, Pages 1683: Decomposition of Composite Electric Field in a Three-Phase D-Dot Voltage Transducer Measuring System (2016)
    MDPI Publishing
    In: Sensors
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-10-13
    Description: In line with the wider application of non-contact voltage transducers in the engineering field, transducers are required to have better performance for different measuring environments. In the present study, the D-dot voltage transducer is further improved based on previous research in order to meet the requirements for long-distance measurement of electric transmission lines. When measuring three-phase electric transmission lines, problems such as synchronous data collection and composite electric field need to be resolved. A decomposition method is proposed with respect to the superimposed electric field generated between neighboring phases. The charge simulation method is utilized to deduce the decomposition equation of the composite electric field and the validity of the proposed method is verified by simulation calculation software. With the deduced equation as the algorithm foundation, this paper improves hardware circuits, establishes a measuring system and constructs an experimental platform for examination. Under experimental conditions, a 10 kV electric transmission line was tested for steady-state errors, and the measuring results of the transducer and the high-voltage detection head were compared. Ansoft Maxwell Stimulation Software was adopted to obtain the electric field intensity in different positions under transmission lines; its values and the measuring values of the transducer were also compared. Experimental results show that the three-phase transducer is characterized by a relatively good synchronization for data measurement, measuring results with high precision, and an error ratio within a prescribed limit. Therefore, the proposed three-phase transducer can be broadly applied and popularized in the engineering field.
    Electronic ISSN: 1424-8220
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Published by MDPI Publishing
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  • 4
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    Energies, Vol. 11, Pages 545: Thermal Rating of Offshore Wind Farm Cables Installed in Ventilated J-Tubes (2018)
    MDPI Publishing
    In: Energies
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-03-06
    Description: Energies, Vol. 11, Pages 545: Thermal Rating of Offshore Wind Farm Cables Installed in Ventilated J-Tubes Energies doi: 10.3390/en11030545 Authors: Lei You Jian Wang Gang Liu Hui Ma Ming Zheng The section of submarine cable that is installed in enclosed J-tubes represents a possible thermal limiting point along the export circuits of offshore wind farms (OWFs). To obtain higher continuous thermal ratings for J-tube systems, a ventilated design, realized by allowing for the flow of natural wind into the J-tube through vents, is considered in this paper. To evaluate the performance of this forced-ventilation design, a coupled three-dimensional (3D) numerical model is constructed using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technique. The CFD method is first successfully tested through comparisons with existing methods for enclosed J-tubes. Then, the cable rating for the ventilated design is determined using the CFD model and compared with the rating for the enclosed case. The results show that the cooling effect from forced ventilation is obvious, and the cable rating could be increased by up to 27.5% for a wind speed of 10 m/s. This improvement in rating is especially significant for OWFs where the export circuit output is limited by the cable rating in enclosed J-tubes.
    Electronic ISSN: 1996-1073
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by MDPI Publishing
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  • 5
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    IJGI, Vol. 7, Pages 193: Implementation of a Parallel GPU-Based Space-Time Kriging Framework (2018)
    MDPI Publishing
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    Publication Date: 2018-05-18
    Description: IJGI, Vol. 7, Pages 193: Implementation of a Parallel GPU-Based Space-Time Kriging Framework ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information doi: 10.3390/ijgi7050193 Authors: Yueheng Zhang Xinqi Zheng Zhenhua Wang Gang Ai Qing Huang In the study of spatiotemporal geographical phenomena, the space–time interpolation method is widely applied, and the demands for computing speed and accuracy are increasing. For nonprofessional modelers, utilizing the space–time interpolation method quickly is a challenge. To solve this problem, the classical ordinary kriging algorithm was selected and expanded to a spatiotemporal kriging algorithm. Using the OpenCL framework to integrate central processing unit (CPU) and graphic processing unit (GPU) computing resources, a parallel spatiotemporal kriging algorithm was implemented, and three experiments were conducted in this work to verify the results. The results indicated the following: (1) when the size of the prediction point dataset is consistent, the performance of the method is robust with the increasing size of the observation point dataset; (2) the acceleration effect of the parallel method increases with an increased number of predicted points. Compared with the original sequential program, the implementation of the improved parallel framework showed a 3.23 speedup, which obviously shortens the interpolation time; (3) when cross-validating the temperature data in the Beijing Tianjin Hebei region, the space–time acceleration model provides a better fit than traditional pure space interpolation.
    Electronic ISSN: 2220-9964
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Published by MDPI Publishing on behalf of International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ISPRS).
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  • 6
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    Sensors, Vol. 17, Pages 1558: Direct Quantification of Cd2+ in the Presence of Cu2+ by a Combination of Anodic Stripping Voltammetry Using a Bi-Film-Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode and an Artificial Neural Network (2017)
    MDPI Publishing
    In: Sensors
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-07-04
    Description: : In this study, a novel method based on a Bi/glassy carbon electrode (Bi/GCE) for quantitatively and directly detecting Cd2+ in the presence of Cu2+ without further electrode modifications by combining square-wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV) and a back-propagation artificial neural network (BP-ANN) has been proposed. The influence of the Cu2+ concentration on the stripping response to Cd2+ was studied. In addition, the effect of the ferrocyanide concentration on the SWASV detection of Cd2+ in the presence of Cu2+ was investigated. A BP-ANN with two inputs and one output was used to establish the nonlinear relationship between the concentration of Cd2+ and the stripping peak currents of Cu2+ and Cd2+. The factors affecting the SWASV detection of Cd2+ and the key parameters of the BP-ANN were optimized. Moreover, the direct calibration model (i.e., adding 0.1 mM ferrocyanide before detection), the BP-ANN model and other prediction models were compared to verify the prediction performance of these models in terms of their mean absolute errors (MAEs), root mean square errors (RMSEs) and correlation coefficients. The BP-ANN model exhibited higher prediction accuracy than the direct calibration model and the other prediction models. Finally, the proposed method was used to detect Cd2+ in soil samples with satisfactory results.
    Electronic ISSN: 1424-8220
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Published by MDPI Publishing
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  • 7
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    Sensors, Vol. 12, Pages 12424-12436: A Nonlinear Adaptive Beamforming Algorithm Based on Least Squares Support Vector Regression (2012)
    MDPI Publishing
    In: Sensors
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-09-13
    Description: To overcome the performance degradation in the presence of steering vector mismatches, strict restrictions on the number of available snapshots, and numerous interferences, a novel beamforming approach based on nonlinear least-square support vector regression machine (LS-SVR) is derived in this paper. In this approach, the conventional linearly constrained minimum variance cost function used by minimum variance distortionless response (MVDR) beamformer is replaced by a squared-loss function to increase robustness in complex scenarios and provide additional control over the sidelobe level. Gaussian kernels are also used to obtain better generalization capacity. This novel approach has two highlights, one is a recursive regression procedure to estimate the weight vectors on real-time, the other is a sparse model with novelty criterion to reduce the final size of the beamformer. The analysis and simulation tests show that the proposed approach offers better noise suppression capability and achieve near optimal signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (SINR) with a low computational burden, as compared to other recently proposed robust beamforming techniques.
    Electronic ISSN: 1424-8220
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Published by MDPI Publishing
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  • 8
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    Facile synthesis of pentacle gold–copper alloy nanocrystals and their plasmonic and catalytic properties (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2014-07-09
    Description: Article Control over the size and shape of nanostructures is important for many applications but challenging, especially for bimetallic systems. Here, the authors report the size-controlled synthesis of star-shaped gold–copper nanocrystals and show their applications in catalysis and photothermal therapy. Nature Communications doi: 10.1038/ncomms5327 Authors: Rong He, You-Cheng Wang, Xiaoyong Wang, Zhantong Wang, Gang Liu, Wei Zhou, Longping Wen, Qunxiang Li, Xiaoping Wang, Xiaoyuan Chen, Jie Zeng, J. G. Hou
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-1723
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 9
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    Sensors, Vol. 17, Pages 2611: Integrated Display and Simulation for Automatic Dependent Surveillance–Broadcast and Traffic Collision Avoidance System Data Fusion (2017)
    MDPI Publishing
    In: Sensors
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-11-16
    Description: Sensors, Vol. 17, Pages 2611: Integrated Display and Simulation for Automatic Dependent Surveillance–Broadcast and Traffic Collision Avoidance System Data Fusion Sensors doi: 10.3390/s17112611 Authors: Yanran Wang Gang Xiao Zhouyun Dai Automatic Dependent Surveillance–Broadcast (ADS-B) is the direction of airspace surveillance development. Research analyzing the benefits of Traffic Collision Avoidance System (TCAS) and ADS-B data fusion is almost absent. The paper proposes an ADS-B minimum system from ADS-B In and ADS-B Out. In ADS-B In, a fusion model with a variable sampling Variational Bayesian-Interacting Multiple Model (VSVB-IMM) algorithm is proposed for integrated display and an airspace traffic situation display is developed by using ADS-B information. ADS-B Out includes ADS-B Out transmission based on a simulator platform and an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) platform. This paper describes the overall implementation of ADS-B minimum system, including theoretical model design, experimental simulation verification, engineering implementation, results analysis, etc. Simulation and implementation results show that the fused system has better performance than each independent subsystem and it can work well in engineering applications.
    Electronic ISSN: 1424-8220
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Published by MDPI Publishing
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  • 10
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    Utx loss causes myeloid transformation (2018)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    In: Leukemia
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-02-06
    Description: Utx loss causes myeloid transformation 〈i〉Utx〈/i〉 loss causes myeloid transformation, Published online: 02 February 2018; doi:10.1038/s41375-018-0011-6 Utx loss causes myeloid transformation
    Print ISSN: 0887-6924
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-5551
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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