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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Barretos Cancer Hospital Animal Facility: Implementation and Results of a Dedicated Platform for Preclinical Oncology Models
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Veterinary Sciences Vol. 9, No. 11 ( 2022-11-16), p. 636-
    Details
    In: Veterinary Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 11 ( 2022-11-16), p. 636-
    Abstract: The Barretos Cancer Hospital Animal Facility (BCHAF) is a unique facility in Brazil exclusively dedicated to working with animal models for cancer research. In this article, we briefly present our modern facility and the main experiments performed, focusing on mutant strains of mice (PTCH-knockout and ApcMin mice), xenograft models, and patient-derived xenografts (PDXs). Our results show the progress and challenges in establishing these models and the need for having an appropriate representation of our cancer population to better understand tumor biology and to identify cancer biomarkers, which could be putatively targeted, allowing for personalized therapy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2306-7381
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9110636
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2768971-2
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Yellow Fever Virus Maintained by Sabethes Mosquitoes during the Dry Season in Cerrado, a Semiarid Region of Brazil, in 2021
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Viruses Vol. 15, No. 3 ( 2023-03-15), p. 757-
    Details
    In: Viruses, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 3 ( 2023-03-15), p. 757-
    Abstract: In recent decades, waves of yellow fever virus (YFV) from the Amazon Rainforest have spread and caused outbreaks in other regions of Brazil, including the Cerrado, a savannah-like biome through which YFV usually moves before arriving at the Atlantic Forest. To identify the vectors involved in the maintenance of the virus in semiarid environments, an entomological survey was conducted after confirmation of yellow fever (YF) epizootics at the peak of the dry season in the Cerrado areas of the state of Minas Gerais. In total, 917 mosquitoes from 13 taxa were collected and tested for the presence of YFV. Interestingly, mosquitoes of the Sabethes genus represented 95% of the diurnal captured specimens, displaying a peak of biting activity never previously recorded, between 4:30 and 5:30 p.m. Molecular analysis identified three YFV-positive pools, two from Sabethes chloropterus—from which near-complete genomes were generated—and one from Sa. albiprivus, whose low viral load prevented sequencing. Sa. chloropterus was considered the primary vector due to the high number of copies of YFV RNA and the high relative abundance detected. Its bionomic characteristics allow its survival in dry places and dry time periods. For the first time in Brazil, Sa. albiprivus was found to be naturally infected with YFV and may have played a role as a secondary vector. Despite its high relative abundance, fewer copies of viral RNA were found, as well as a lower Minimum Infection Rate (MIR). Genomic and phylogeographic analysis showed that the virus clustered in the sub-lineage YFVPA-MG, which circulated in Pará in 2017 and then spread into other regions of the country. The results reported here contribute to the understanding of the epidemiology and mechanisms of YFV dispersion and maintenance, especially in adverse weather conditions. The intense viral circulation, even outside the seasonal period, increases the importance of surveillance and YFV vaccination to protect human populations in affected areas.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1999-4915
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/v15030757
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2516098-9
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Previous Infection with SARS-CoV-2 Correlates with Increased Protective Humoral Responses after a Single Dose of an Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccine
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Viruses Vol. 14, No. 3 ( 2022-03-02), p. 510-
    Details
    In: Viruses, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 3 ( 2022-03-02), p. 510-
    Abstract: Previous studies have indicated that antibody responses can be robustly induced after the vaccination in individuals previously infected by SARS-CoV-2. To evaluate anti-SARS-CoV-2 humoral responses in vaccinated individuals with or without a previous history of COVID-19, we compared levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the sera from 21 vaccinees, including COVID-19-recovered or -naïve individuals in different times, before and after immunization with an inactivated COVID-19 vaccine. Anti-SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies elicited after COVID-19 and/or immunization with an inactivated vaccine were measured by ELISA and Plaque Reduction Neutralizing assays. Antibody kinetics were consistently different between the two vaccine doses for naïve individuals, contrasting with the SARS-CoV-2-recovered subjects in which we observed no additional increase in antibody levels following the second dose. Sera from SARS-CoV2-naïve individuals had no detectable neutralizing activity against lineage B.1 SARS-CoV-2 or Gamma variant five months after the second vaccine dose. Contrarily, SARS-CoV-2-recovered subjects retained considerable neutralizing activity against both viruses. We conclude that a single inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine dose may be sufficient to induce protective antibody responses in individuals with previous history of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1999-4915
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/v14030510
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2516098-9
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Sustainable Development Goals Implementation: Case Study in a Pioneer Brazilian Municipality
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Sustainability Vol. 14, No. 19 ( 2022-10-06), p. 12746-
    Details
    In: Sustainability, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 19 ( 2022-10-06), p. 12746-
    Abstract: Knowing how cities are planning, monitoring, and implementing the 2030 Agenda has been considered by the literature as crucial to the advancement of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In this context, the main purpose of this article was to investigate the performance of the municipality of Birigui (São Paulo State, Brazil) in the implementation of the SDGs. To achieve the objectives proposed in this study, first a literature review was carried out on the subject of the SDGs and the importance of the counties for their effectiveness. Next, a case study was realized to understand “how” and “what” practices had been adopted by the county. The results confirm the importance that counties have, as well as the relevance of partnerships for the effective implementation of the SDGs. In addition, it presents the various practices adopted to leverage the SDGs in the county that may serve as an example for other counties in Brazil, in emerging countries and around the world, or for various types of sectors and organizations. Therefore, this work fills an important research gap in bringing to light a personalized study of how the SDGs have been planned, monitored, and implemented in a local government (city) in Brazil.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2071-1050
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/su141912746
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518383-7
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Inhibition of Escherichia Virus MS2, Surrogate of SARS-CoV-2, via Essential Oils-Loaded Electrospun Fibrous Mats: Increasing the Multifunctionality of Antivirus Protection Masks
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Pharmaceutics Vol. 14, No. 2 ( 2022-01-27), p. 303-
    Details
    In: Pharmaceutics, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 2 ( 2022-01-27), p. 303-
    Abstract: One of the most important measures implemented to reduce SARS-CoV-2 transmission has been the use of face masks. Yet, most mask options available in the market display a passive action against the virus, not actively compromising its viability. Here, we propose to overcome this limitation by incorporating antiviral essential oils (EOs) within polycaprolactone (PCL) electrospun fibrous mats to be used as intermediate layers in individual protection masks. Twenty EOs selected based on their antimicrobial nature were examined for the first time against the Escherichia coli MS2 virus (potential surrogate of SARS-CoV-2). The most effective were the lemongrass (LGO), Niaouli (NO) and eucalyptus (ELO) with a virucidal concentration (VC) of 356.0, 365.2 and 586.0 mg/mL, respectively. PCL was processed via electrospinning, generating uniform, beadless fibrous mats. EOs loading was accomplished via two ways: (1) physisorption on pre-existing mats (PCLaEOs), and (2) EOs blending with the polymer solution prior to fiber electrospinning (PCLbEOs). In both cases, 10% v/v VC was used as loading concentration, so the mats’ stickiness and overwhelming smell could be prevented. The EOs presence and release from the mats were confirmed by UV-visible spectroscopy (≈5257–631 µg) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry evaluations (average of ≈14.3% EOs release over 4 h), respectively. PCLbEOs mats were considered the more mechanically and thermally resilient, with LGO promoting the strongest bonds with PCL (PCLbLGO). On the other hand, PCLaNO and PCLaELO were deemed the least cohesive combinations. Mats modified with the EOs were all identified as superhydrophobic, capable of preventing droplet penetration. Air and water-vapor permeabilities were affected by the mats’ porosity (PCL 〈 PCLaEOs 〈 PCLbEOs), exhibiting a similar tendency of increasing with the increase of porosity. Antimicrobial testing revealed the mats’ ability to retain the virus (preventing infiltration) and to inhibit its action (log reduction averaging 1). The most effective combination against the MS2 viral particles was the PCLbLGO. These mats’ scent was also regarded as the most pleasant during sensory evaluation. Overall, data demonstrated the potential of these EOs-loaded PCL fibrous mats to work as COVID-19 active barriers for individual protection masks.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1999-4923
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020303
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527217-2
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Eugenol-Containing Essential Oils Loaded onto Chitosan/Polyvinyl Alcohol Blended Films and Their Ability to Eradicate Staphylococcus aureus or Pseudomonas aeruginosa from Infected Microenvironments
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Pharmaceutics Vol. 13, No. 2 ( 2021-02-02), p. 195-
    Details
    In: Pharmaceutics, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 2 ( 2021-02-02), p. 195-
    Abstract: Chronic wounds (CW) create numerous entryways for pathogen invasion and prosperity, further damaging host tissue and hindering its remodeling and repair. Essential oils (EOs) exert quick and efficient antimicrobial (AM) action, unlikely to induce bacterial resistance. Cinnamon leaf and clove oils (CLO and CO) display strong AM activity, namely against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Chitosan (CS) is a natural and biodegradable cationic polysaccharide, also widely known for its AM features. CS and poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) films were prepared (ratio 30/70 w/w; 9 wt%) by the solvent casting and phase inversion method. The film’s thermal stability and chemical composition data reinforced polymer blending and EO entrapment. Films were supplemented with 1 and 10 wt% of EO in relation to total polymeric mass. The film thickness and degree of swelling (DS) tended to increase with EO content, particularly with 10 wt % CLO (* p 〈 0.05). UV-visible absorbance scans in the 250–320 cm−1 region confirmed the successful uptake of CLO and CO into CS/PVA films, particularly with films loaded with 10 wt% EO that contained 5.30/5.32 times more CLO/CO than films supplemented with 1 wt% EO. AM testing revealed that CS films alone were effective against both bacteria and capable of eradicating all P. aeruginosa within the hour (*** p 〈 0.001). Still, loaded CS/PVA films showed significantly improved AM traits in relation to unloaded films within 2 h of contact. This study is a first proof of concept that CLO and CO can be dispersed into CS/PVA films and show bactericidal effects, particularly against S. aureus, this way paving the way for efficient CW therapeutics.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1999-4923
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020195
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527217-2
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Influence of Rainfall Seasonality in Groundwater Chemistry at Western Region of São Paulo State—Brazil
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Water Vol. 13, No. 11 ( 2021-05-21), p. 1450-
    Details
    In: Water, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 11 ( 2021-05-21), p. 1450-
    Abstract: The present study evaluated the spatiotemporal variation in concentration of cadmium, lead and copper ions in groundwater wells in the stratigraphic subdivision “Santo Anastácio” that belongs to the Bauru aquifer system in the western region of São Paulo State. Exploratory statistics methods were employed to investigate the response of the concentration of these metals in the aquifer through the pluviometric index of the region. The results show a direct dependence of the mean monthly flow of the metals in the groundwaters to the monthly rainfall flow. The observed behavior was cyclic with a gradual increase and decrease in the flow throughout time. Two groups of cyclic variation were identified. The seasonality of the mean monthly flow of Cd2+ and Pb2+ was inversely proportional to the magnitude of the pluviometric index of the region studied. Meanwhile, the seasonality of Cu2+ was directly correlated to the seasonable rainfall variability. These behaviors lead us to point out that cadmium and lead come from minerals present in the aquifer itself and the presence of copper in groundwater is associated with an anthropogenic action due to the region’s agricultural activity. The study helps us better comprehend the behavior of the whole groundwater system through a comparison with temporal hydrogeochemistry.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4441
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/w13111450
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2521238-2
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Sustainability in the Supply Chain: Analyzing the Role of the Focal Company and Training in the Implementation of SDGs
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Sustainability Vol. 14, No. 19 ( 2022-10-09), p. 12882-
    Details
    In: Sustainability, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 19 ( 2022-10-09), p. 12882-
    Abstract: Understanding how training can contribute to employee awareness, development of skills, competencies, and knowledge of the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in supply chains and the role of the focal company still remains unanswered. Thus, this article had the purpose of investigating the performance of a company in the Brazilian electricity sector in the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the supply chain. A review of the literature on the SDGs and the importance of focal companies and training for their execution was carried out in order to theoretically support the study. Then, the case study technique was used to understand “how” and “which” training practices are being implemented in the supply chain to make the management of the SDGs more effective. The results indicate: (i) that the systematic application of training by the focal company is crucial for the implementation of SDGs in the supply chain, (ii) that the focal company plays an important role in leading the implementation of the SDGs in the supply chain, and (iii) that the partnerships between supply chain members are important and facilitate sustainable management in the supply chains. Additionally, we present a robust set of training practices conducted in the supply chain and the results achieved.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2071-1050
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/su141912882
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518383-7
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Role of Green Supply Chain Management Practices on Environmental Performance of Firms: An Exploratory Survey in Brazil
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Sustainability Vol. 15, No. 15 ( 2023-08-01), p. 11843-
    Details
    In: Sustainability, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 15 ( 2023-08-01), p. 11843-
    Abstract: Our work is one of the rare studies that sought to verify the relationship between green supply chain management practices and environmental performance in companies in an emerging Latin American market. We surveyed in the specialized literature on environmental management and green supply chain management (GSCM) for practices were most cited and can influence this relationship. From this review, an e-survey was constructed and answered by 79 environmental or supply chain/logistics managers from the surveyed sample. The results indicate that there is a positive and significant relationship between the adoption of green supply chain management practices and the environmental performance of the companies. We found that GSCM practices: environmental management with total quality (GSCM4), cooperation with suppliers to achieve environmental management objectives (GSCM7), and cross-functional cooperation for environmental improvements (GSCM3), in this order. These are the main GSCM practices that influence the environmental performance in the surveyed companies. Thus, our study adds relevant information to the specialized literature and for the decision-making of managers, professionals, and government working in this area of study.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2071-1050
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/su151511843
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Blood Flow Modeling in Coronary Arteries: A Review
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Fluids Vol. 6, No. 2 ( 2021-01-23), p. 53-
    Details
    In: Fluids, MDPI AG, Vol. 6, No. 2 ( 2021-01-23), p. 53-
    Abstract: Atherosclerosis is one of the main causes of cardiovascular events, namely, myocardium infarction and cerebral stroke, responsible for a great number of deaths every year worldwide. This pathology is caused by the progressive accumulation of low-density lipoproteins, cholesterol, and other substances on the arterial wall, narrowing its lumen. To date, many hemodynamic studies have been conducted experimentally and/or numerically; however, this disease is not yet fully understood. For this reason, the research of this pathology is still ongoing, mainly, resorting to computational methods. These have been increasingly used in biomedical research of atherosclerosis because of their high-performance hardware and software. Taking into account the attempts that have been made in computational techniques to simulate realistic conditions of blood flow in both diseased and healthy arteries, the present review aims to give an overview of the most recent numerical studies focused on coronary arteries, by addressing the blood viscosity models, and applied physiological flow conditions. In general, regardless of the boundary conditions, numerical studies have been contributed to a better understanding of the development of this disease, its diagnosis, and its treatment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2311-5521
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/fluids6020053
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2882362-X
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