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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Multiobjective Optimization of SiC Mirror Based on Dual-Parameter Coupling
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Photonics Vol. 10, No. 2 ( 2023-02-07), p. 171-
    Details
    In: Photonics, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 2 ( 2023-02-07), p. 171-
    Abstract: For photoelectric theodolite, the mirror is the core optical component, so it is of great significance to design and optimize a mirror with excellent overall performance. In order to comprehensively consider the contradictory objectives of mass, natural frequency, and RMS under gravity, a multiobjective optimization method based on the performance analysis of two-parameter coupling was proposed. On the basis of the performance law, a suitable solution for balancing multiple objective functions is obtained by introducing manual intervention. The results show that compared with the traditional empirical design of mirrors, the first-order natural frequency, mass, and RMS performance of the optimized mirror are improved by 18.64%, 0.1%, and 15.58%, respectively. The frequency/Mass ratio and 1/(RMS*Mass) ratio are increased by 18.72% and 18.59%, respectively. Its comprehensive performance has been improved. This method is effective and provides a reference for the design of photoelectric theodolite and other mirrors.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2304-6732
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/photonics10020171
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2770002-1
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  • 2
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    A New Fuzzy Logic Classifier Based on Multiscale Permutation Entropy and Its Application in Bearing Fault Diagnosis
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  Entropy Vol. 22, No. 1 ( 2019-12-24), p. 27-
    Details
    In: Entropy, MDPI AG, Vol. 22, No. 1 ( 2019-12-24), p. 27-
    Abstract: The self-organizing fuzzy (SOF) logic classifier is an efficient and non-parametric classifier. Its classification process is divided into an offline training stage, an online training stage, and a testing stage. Representative samples of different categories are obtained through the first two stages, and these representative samples are called prototypes. However, in the testing stage, the classification of testing samples is completely dependent on the prototype with the maximum similarity, without considering the influence of other prototypes on the classification decision of testing samples. Aiming at the testing stage, this paper proposed a new SOF classifier based on the harmonic mean difference (HMDSOF). In the testing stage of HMDSOF, firstly, each prototype was sorted in descending order according to the similarity between each prototype in the same category and the testing sample. Secondly, multiple local mean vectors of the prototypes after sorting were calculated. Finally, the testing sample was classified into the category with the smallest harmonic mean difference. Based on the above new method, in this paper, the multiscale permutation entropy (MPE) was used to extract fault features, linear discriminant analysis (LDA) was used to reduce the dimension of fault features, and the proposed HMDSOF was further used to classify the features. At the end of this paper, the proposed fault diagnosis method was applied to the diagnosis examples of two groups of different rolling bearings. The results verify the superiority and generalization of the proposed fault diagnosis method.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1099-4300
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/e22010027
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2014734-X
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  • 3
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    Vaccination with Omicron Inactivated Vaccine in Pre-vaccinated Mice Protects against SARS-CoV-2 Prototype and Omicron Variants
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Vaccines Vol. 10, No. 7 ( 2022-07-19), p. 1149-
    Details
    In: Vaccines, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 7 ( 2022-07-19), p. 1149-
    Abstract: In response to the fast-waning immune response and the great threat of the Omicron variant of concern (VOC) to the public, we report the pilot-scale production of an inactivated Omicron vaccine candidate that induces high levels of neutralizing antibody titers to protect against the Omicron virus. Here, we demonstrate that the inactivated Omicron vaccine is safe and effective in recalling immune responses to the HB02, Omicron, and Delta viruses after one or two doses of BBIBP-CorV. In addition, the efficient productivity and good genetic stability of the manufactured inactivated vaccine is proved. These results support the further evaluation of the Omicron vaccine in a clinical trial.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-393X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10071149
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2703319-3
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  • 4
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    Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) Genes That Are Differentially Expressed in Cadmium Stress Tolerance
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 20, No. 6 ( 2019-03-24), p. 1479-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 20, No. 6 ( 2019-03-24), p. 1479-
    Abstract: High concentrations of heavy metals in the soil should be removed for environmental safety. Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal that pollutes the soil when its concentration exceeds 3.4 mg/kg. Although the potential use of cotton to remediate heavy Cd-polluted soils is known, little is understood about the molecular mechanisms of Cd tolerance. In this study, transcriptome analysis was used to identify Cd tolerance genes and their potential mechanisms in cotton. We exposed cotton plants to excess Cd and identified 4627 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the root, 3022 DEGs in the stem and 3854 DEGs in the leaves through RNA-Seq analysis. Among these genes were heavy metal transporter coding genes (ABC, CDF, HMA, etc.), annexin genes and heat shock genes (HSP), amongst others. Gene ontology (GO) analysis showed that the DEGs were mainly involved in the oxidation–reduction process and metal ion binding. The DEGs were mainly enriched in two pathways, the influenza A and pyruvate pathway. GhHMAD5, a protein containing a heavy-metal binding domain, was identified in the pathway to transport or to detoxify heavy metal ions. We constructed a GhHMAD5 overexpression system in Arabidopsis thaliana that showed longer roots compared to control plants. GhHMAD5-silenced cotton plants showed more sensitivity to Cd stress. The results indicate that GhHMAD5 is involved in Cd tolerance, which gives a preliminary understanding of the Cd tolerance mechanism in upland cotton. Overall, this study provides valuable information for the use of cotton to remediate soils polluted with Cd and potentially other heavy metals.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061479
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 5
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    Identification and Expression Analysis of CKX Gene Family in Brassica juncea var. tumida and Their Functional Analysis in Stem Development
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Horticulturae Vol. 8, No. 8 ( 2022-08-03), p. 705-
    Details
    In: Horticulturae, MDPI AG, Vol. 8, No. 8 ( 2022-08-03), p. 705-
    Abstract: Cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase (CKX) is a specific enzyme affecting plant growth, development, and yield by mediating the metabolism of endogenous cytokinins in a dual catalytic mode. This study aims to reveal the distribution and associated properties of CKX gene family members in the whole genome of Brassica juncea, lay a theoretical basis for further exploration of the biological function of BjuCKX genes, and provide genetic resources to improve the breeding quality of B. juncea. We screened BjuCKX genes with typical FAD-binding and CK binding domains and identified them using bioinformatics methods. In addition, we analyzed physicochemical properties, phylogenetic relationship, gene structure, conservative motif, cis-acting element of promoter, and expression pattern of BjuCKX gene family members. Endogenous hormone levels (GA3, ZR, IAA, ABA, BR and MeJA) were also determined in different developmental periods using an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A total of 23 BjuCKX genes were identified, and they were renamed BjuCKX01~BjuCKX23. Further analysis revealed that the amino acid number of 23 BjuCKX proteins ranged from 333 to 1337 aa, the molecular weight ranged 36.58 to 148.49 kDa, whereas the theoretical isoelectric point ranged from 4.94 to 9.10. The phylogenetic tree clustering analysis can group family members into four subgroups. Collinearity analysis revealed that genes were not evenly distributed on the chromosome, with a pair of tandem repeats. Meanwhile, BjuCKX genes located on each chromosome revealed cross collinearity caused by fragment replication. The genes were more conserved in structure. In the upstream region of promoter, there were several cis-acting elements, including plant growth and development, hormone response, and biological and abiotic stress. Combined with transcriptome data, BjuCKX gene expression has been demonstrated to be different at varying developmental stages of the stem. RT-qPCR further confirmed that BjuCKX genes were involved in stem development and affects growth by regulating endogenous hormone levels.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2311-7524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8080705
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2813983-5
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  • 6
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    Secretome of hESC-Derived MSC-like Immune and Matrix Regulatory Cells Mitigate Pulmonary Fibrosis through Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Biomedicines Vol. 11, No. 2 ( 2023-02-05), p. 463-
    Details
    In: Biomedicines, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 2 ( 2023-02-05), p. 463-
    Abstract: Oxidative stress and inflammation are major drivers in the pathogenesis and progression of pulmonary fibrosis (PF). The mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) secretome has regenerative potential and immunomodulatory functions. Human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived MSC-like immune and matrix regulatory cells (IMRCs) are manufacturable with large-scale good manufacturing practice (GMP) preparation. In the present study, the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties and the therapeutic effect of the secretome of hESC-MSC-IMRC-derived conditioned culture medium (CM) (hESC-MSC-IMRC-CM) were investigated. Results revealed the capacities of hESC-MSC-IMRC-CM to reduce bleomycin (BLM)-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS), extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in A549 cells. The administration of concentrated hESC-MSC-IMRC-CM significantly alleviated the pathogenesis of PF in lungs of BLM-injured mice, as accessed by pathohistological changes and the expression of ECM and EMT. A mechanistic study further demonstrated that the hESC-MSC-IMRC-CM was able to inhibit BLM-induced ROS and pro-inflammatory cytokines, accompanied by a reduced expression of Nox4, Nrf2, Ho-1, and components of the Tlr4/MyD88 signaling cascade. These results provide a proof of concept for the hESC-MSC-IMRC-derived secretome treatment of PF, in part mediated by their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. This study thus reinforces the development of ready-to-use, cell-free hESC-MSC-IMRC secretome biomedicine for the treatment of PF in clinical settings.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9059
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020463
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2720867-9
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  • 7
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    Nanocrystal Encapsulation, Release and Application Based on pH-Sensitive Covalent Dynamic Hyperbranched Polymers
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  Polymers Vol. 11, No. 12 ( 2019-11-22), p. 1926-
    Details
    In: Polymers, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 12 ( 2019-11-22), p. 1926-
    Abstract: A new strategy for nanocrystal encapsulation, release and application based on pH-sensitive covalent dynamic hyperbranched polymers is described. The covalent dynamic hyperbranched polymers, with multi-arm hydrophobic chains and a hydrophilic hyperbranched poly(amidoamine) (HPAMAM) core connected with pH-sensitive imine bonds (HPAMAM–DA), could encapsulate CdTe quantum dots (QDs) and Au nanoparticles (NPs). Benefiting from its pH response property, CdTe QDs and Au NPs encapsulated by HPAMAM–DA could be released to aqueous phase after imine hydrolysis. The released CdTe/HPAMAM and Au/HPAMAM nanocomposites exhibited excellent biological imaging behavior and high catalytic activities on p-nitrophenol hydrogenation, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4360
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/polym11121926
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527146-5
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  • 8
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    Microstructure, Microhardness and Tribological Properties of Bronze–Steel Bimetallic Composite Produced by Vacuum Diffusion Welding
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Materials Vol. 15, No. 4 ( 2022-02-20), p. 1588-
    Details
    In: Materials, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 4 ( 2022-02-20), p. 1588-
    Abstract: In this paper, a lead–bronze/steel bimetal composite was produced by vacuum diffusion welding technology. The microstructure, hardness and tribological properties under the dry sliding condition of the bimetal structured material were investigated and compared with two reference samples, i.e., lead–bronze and Mn/Si–brass. The wear mechanism of the three materials was also analyzed in detail. It was found that the bimetallic structure possessed the best wear resistance among the three samples. When paired with the ball bearing steel, the wear rates of the lead–bronze and Mn/Si–brass were 13 and 54 times higher than that of the bimetal composite. When paired with bearing steel, the wear rates of the two materials were 13 and 54 times higher than the bimetallic composite, respectively. This is because the steel layer served as a bearing layer to decrease the plastic deformation of the bronze layer. Furthermore, the lead can accelerate the formation of a dense hardened layer at the sliding interfaces to avoid subsequent wear of the bronze surface. Nevertheless, this hardened layer caused severe scuffing on the steel balls. Therefore, lead–bronze/steel structured material is recommended to match with hard counterface material, such as cemented carbide.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1996-1944
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ma15041588
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2487261-1
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  • 9
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    A Comparison of Flood Control Standards for Reservoir Engineering for Different Countries
    MDPI AG ; 2017
    In:  Water Vol. 9, No. 3 ( 2017-02-23), p. 152-
    Details
    In: Water, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 3 ( 2017-02-23), p. 152-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4441
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/w9030152
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2521238-2
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  • 10
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    Poor Iodine Knowledge, Coastal Region, and Non-Iodized Salt Consumption Linked to Low Urinary Iodine Excretion in Zhejiang Pregnant Women
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  Nutrients Vol. 11, No. 2 ( 2019-02-15), p. 413-
    Details
    In: Nutrients, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 2 ( 2019-02-15), p. 413-
    Abstract: Background: Iodine deficiency in pregnant women, defined as a median urinary iodine concentration (UIC) of less than 150 μg/L, is an important public health issue. To improve their iodine intake, it is important to understand the knowledge and practices regarding iodine. Methods: A cross-sectional investigation was conducted on 2642 pregnant women during 2016–2017 in Zhejiang province, China. A 3-point Likert scale questionnaire was used to record knowledge. The UIC and iodine content in household salt were determined. Results: Coastal participants were iodine deficient (median UIC 127.6 μg/L) while inland participants were iodine sufficient (median UIC 151.0 μg/L). The average knowledge scores were significantly lower for the coastal participants (24.2 points vs. 25 points for the inland participants; p 〈 0.001). The percentage for iodized salt consumption was significantly lower for the coastal participants (88.9% vs. 96.0% for those inland; p 〈 0.001). A generalized linear model analysis showed that non-iodized salt consumption, coastal region, and low knowledge scores were independently associated with a low UIC. Conclusions: Comprehensive interventional strategies are needed to develop to achieve an optimal iodine status. We recommend that coastal pregnant women should take iodine supplements based on the consumption of iodized salt, and improvement of iodine-related knowledge.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6643
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nu11020413
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518386-2
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