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  • 1
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    Online Resource
    Augmenting Multi-Instance Multilabel Learning with Sparse Bayesian Models for Skin Biopsy Image Analysis
    Hindawi Limited ; 2014
    In:  BioMed Research International Vol. 2014 ( 2014), p. 1-13
    Details
    In: BioMed Research International, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2014 ( 2014), p. 1-13
    Abstract: Skin biopsy images can reveal causes and severity of many skin diseases, which is a significant complement for skin surface inspection. Automatic annotation of skin biopsy image is an important problem for increasing efficiency and reducing the subjectiveness in diagnosis. However it is challenging particularly when there exists indirect relationship between annotation terms and local regions of a biopsy image, as well as local structures with different textures. In this paper, a novel method based on a recent proposed machine learning model, named multi-instance multilabel (MIML), is proposed to model the potential knowledge and experience of doctors on skin biopsy image annotation. We first show that the problem of skin biopsy image annotation can naturally be expressed as a MIML problem and then propose an image representation method that can capture both region structure and texture features, and a sparse Bayesian MIML algorithm which can produce probabilities indicating the confidence of annotation. The proposed algorithm framework is evaluated on a real clinical dataset containing 12,700 skin biopsy images. The results show that it is effective and prominent.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2314-6133 , 2314-6141
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2014/305629
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2698540-8
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  • 2
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    A Novel Missense Mutation of Arginine Vasopressin Receptor 2 in a Chinese Family with Congenital Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus: X-Chromosome Inactivation in Female CNDI Patients with Heterozygote 814A〉G Mutation
    Hindawi Limited ; 2022
    In:  BioMed Research International Vol. 2022 ( 2022-7-12), p. 1-7
    Details
    In: BioMed Research International, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2022 ( 2022-7-12), p. 1-7
    Abstract: Background. To identify novel clinical phenotypic signatures of congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (CNDI). Methods. A Chinese family with CNDI was recruited for participation in this study. The proband and one of his uncles suffered from polydipsia and polyuria since infancy. The results of clinical testing indicated the diagnosis of CNDI. 10 family members had similar symptoms but did not seek medical advice. Genetic testing of mutations in the coding region of the aquaporin 2 (AQP2) gene and the arginine vasopressin receptor 2 (AVPR2) gene were carried out in 11 family members. Somatic DNA from 5 female family members was used to test for methylation of polymorphic CAG repeats in the human androgen receptor (AR) gene, as an index for X-chromosome inactivation pattern (XCIP). Results. AQP2 gene mutations were not found in any family members, but a novel missense mutation (814th base A 〉 G) in exon 2 of the AVPR2 gene was identified in 10 individuals. This mutation leads to a Met 272 Val (GAT-GGT) amino acid substitution. Skewed X-chromosome inactivation patterns of the normal X allele were observed in 4 females with the AVPR2 gene mutation and symptoms of diabetes insipidus, but not in an asymptomatic female with the AVPR2 gene mutation. Conclusions. Met 272 Val mutation of the AVPR2 gene was identified as a novel genetic risk factor for CDNI. The clinical NDI phenotype of female carriers with heterozygous AVPR2 mutation may be caused by X-chromosome inactivation induced by dominant methylation of the normal allele of AVPR2 gene.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2314-6141 , 2314-6133
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2022/7073158
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2698540-8
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  • 3
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    Composite-modified anode by MnO 2 /polypyrrole in marine benthic microbial fuel cells and its electrochemical performance : Composite-modified anode by MnO2/polypyrrole
    Hindawi Limited ; 2017
    In:  International Journal of Energy Research Vol. 41, No. 6 ( 2017-05), p. 845-853
    Details
    In: International Journal of Energy Research, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 41, No. 6 ( 2017-05), p. 845-853
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0363-907X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/er.v41.6
    DOI: 10.1002/er.3674
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1480879-1
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  • 4
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    An External-Validated Prediction Model to Predict Lung Metastasis among Osteosarcoma: A Multicenter Analysis Based on Machine Learning
    Hindawi Limited ; 2022
    In:  Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience Vol. 2022 ( 2022-5-6), p. 1-10
    Details
    In: Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2022 ( 2022-5-6), p. 1-10
    Abstract: Background. Lung metastasis greatly affects medical therapeutic strategies in osteosarcoma. This study aimed to develop and validate a clinical prediction model to predict the risk of lung metastasis among osteosarcoma patients based on machine learning (ML) algorithms. Methods. We retrospectively collected osteosarcoma patients from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database and from four hospitals in China. Six ML algorithms, including logistic regression (LR), gradient boosting machine (GBM), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), random forest (RF), decision tree (DT), and multilayer perceptron (MLP), were applied to build predictive models for predicting lung metastasis using patient’s demographics, clinical characteristics, and therapeutic variables from the SEER database. The model was internally validated using 10-fold cross-validation to calculate the mean area under the curve (AUC) and the model was externally validated using the Chinese multicenter osteosarcoma data. Relative importance ranking of predictors was plotted to understand the importance of each predictor in different ML algorithms. The correlation heat map of predictors was plotted to understand the correlation of each predictor, selecting the 10-fold cross-validation with the highest AUC value in the external validation ROC curve to build a web calculator. Results. Of all enrolled patients from the SEER database, 17.73% (194/1094) developed lung metastasis. The multiple logistic regression analysis showed that sex, N stage, T stage, surgery, and bone metastasis were all independent risk factors for lung metastasis. In predicting lung metastasis, the mean AUCs of the six ML algorithms ranged from 0.711 to 0.738 in internal validation and 0.697 to 0.729 in external validation. Among the six ML algorithms, the extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) model had the highest AUC value with an average internal AUC of 0.738 and an external AUC of 0.729. The best performing ML algorithm model was used to build a web calculator to facilitate clinicians to calculate the risk of lung metastasis for each patient. Conclusions. The XGBoost model may have the best prediction effect and the online calculator based on this model can help doctors to determine the lung metastasis risk of osteosarcoma patients and help to make individualized medical strategies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1687-5273 , 1687-5265
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2022/2220527
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2388208-6
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    The Biocompatibility and Antibacterial Properties of the CNTs-Doped Magnesium Based Composite Implants in a Long-Term Biodegradation Process
    Hindawi Limited ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Nanomaterials Vol. 2023 ( 2023-1-22), p. 1-17
    Details
    In: Journal of Nanomaterials, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2023 ( 2023-1-22), p. 1-17
    Abstract: The aim of this paper is to increase a new biodegradable implant material’s biodegradability, biocompatibility, and osteoinductivity in the long-term degradation process, as well as its antibacterial properties, novel carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with or without Cu element were doped into calcium phosphate (CaP)–chitosan (CS) layers and then fabricated to obtain the magnesium (Mg) matrix composites. In this paper, we investigated the influences of the CNTs-CaP-CS/Mg composites on proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human osteosarcoma cell (SaOS-2) and human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs). Furthermore, the Cu/CNTs-CaP-CS/Mg was prepared to improve the bioactivity and antibacterial activity of the composites. The results indicated that CNTs-CaP-CS/Mg composites were suitable for proliferation and differentiation of SaOS-2 cells. Stimulated by the CNTs-CaP-CS/Mg extracts, the ALP expression of hBMSCs increased in the first 16 days and the mineralization ability of hBMSCs was highly expressed throughout the whole process which might be through the Erk1/2 signaling pathway. After CNTs-loaded Cu element, the bioactivity of the coating was satisfactory. Moreover, this new implant exhibited excellent antibacterial properties for Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus albus (S. albus). Collectively, these data suggest that the CNTs-CaP-CS/Mg and Cu/CNTs-CaP-CS/Mg might be potentially applied as bone implants for future clinical use.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1687-4129 , 1687-4110
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2023/5012576
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2229480-6
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  • 6
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    COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance and Uptake among Healthcare Workers in Trinidad and Tobago
    Hindawi Limited ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Environmental and Public Health Vol. 2022 ( 2022-9-9), p. 1-10
    Details
    In: Journal of Environmental and Public Health, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2022 ( 2022-9-9), p. 1-10
    Abstract: Background. COVID-19 vaccine acceptance is important in ensuring the widespread vaccination of the population to achieve herd immunity. Establishing the acceptance of vaccines among healthcare workers, who play a vital role in an immunization program’s success, is important. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of social trust and demographic factors on COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among healthcare workers. Methods. A cross-sectional survey utilizing an electronic questionnaire inquiring about COVID-19 vaccine uptake, preferences, and concerns was distributed via e-mail to 1,351 North Central Regional Health Authority (NCRHA) healthcare workers of the following categories: medical practitioners, nursing personnel, veterinary surgeons, medical interns, dental interns, paramedics, and pharmacists. These professions were selected as they were granted power to administer COVID-19 vaccines during the period of public emergency by the President of Trinidad and Tobago and were therefore likely to be NCRHA healthcare workers directly involved in vaccine administration services. Bivariate analysis using Chi-squared analysis of association was used to determine the association between the respondents’ characteristics and the acceptance of the vaccine and the association between vaccine acceptance among healthcare workers and trust. The association between the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccines and healthcare workers’ characteristics and trust was established using multinomial logistic regression. Results. A total of 584 healthcare workers took part in the study, and 1.4% showed unwillingness to receive the COVID-19 vaccine. The study indicates that age, profession, trust in international public health organizations, and trust in other healthcare providers predict the uptake of COVID-19 vaccines among healthcare workers, with younger age groups and the nursing profession associated with an unwillingness to accept the vaccine. Gender of the healthcare workers does not predict vaccine acceptance. Conclusions and relevance: efforts towards enhanced vaccine acceptance among healthcare workers should take into consideration age, profession, and the trust in international organizations and other healthcare providers. Sensitization programs aimed at informing and creating awareness among healthcare workers about the COVID-19 vaccines should be age-specific as well as occupation-based.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1687-9813 , 1687-9805
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2022/5031202
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2526611-1
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  • 7
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    Insights into Controlling the Spread of COVID-19: A Study Inspired by Seven of the Earliest Vaccinated Countries
    Hindawi Limited ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Environmental and Public Health Vol. 2022 ( 2022-9-20), p. 1-14
    Details
    In: Journal of Environmental and Public Health, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2022 ( 2022-9-20), p. 1-14
    Abstract: Background. The aim of the study is to derive deeper insights into the control of the spread of COVID-19 during the second half of 2021, from seven countries that are among the earliest to have accelerated the deployment of COVID-19 vaccines. Methodology. This study used data from the Global COVID-19 Index and Google COVID-19 Community Mobility Reports. Data was extracted on the 5th of each month from July to December 2021. Seven countries were selected—United Kingdom, United States of America, Israel, Canada, France, Italy, and Austria. The sample comprised number of new cases, hospitalisations, ICU admissions and deaths due to COVID-19, government stringency measures, partial and full vaccination coverage, and changes in human mobility. Principal component analysis was conducted, and the results were interpreted and visualized through 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional plots to reveal the systematic patterns of the data. Results. The first three principal components captured around 77.3% of variance in the data. The first component was driven by the spread of COVID-19 (31.6%), the second by mobility activities (transit, retail, and recreational) (24.3%), whereas the third by vaccination coverage, workplace-related mobility, and government stringency measures (21.4%). Visualizations showed lower or moderate levels of severity in COVID-19 during this period for most countries. By contrast, the surge in the USA was more severe especially in September 2021. Human mobility activities peaked in September for most countries and then receded in the following months as more stringent government measures were imposed, and countries began to grapple with a surge in COVID-19 cases. Conclusion. This study delineated the spread of COVID-19, human mobility patterns, widespread vaccination coverage, and government stringency measures on the overall control of COVID-19. While at least moderate levels of stringency measures are needed, high vaccine coverage is particularly important in curbing the spread of this disease.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1687-9813 , 1687-9805
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2022/4533957
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2526611-1
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  • 8
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    The Efficacy of Acupuncture on Anthropometric Measures and the Biochemical Markers for Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study
    Hindawi Limited ; 2017
    In:  Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Vol. 2017 ( 2017), p. 1-8
    Details
    In: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2017 ( 2017), p. 1-8
    Abstract: Background . Many previous studies have shown the potential therapeutic effect of acupuncture for metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, most of these studies were limited by short durations of observation and a lack of sham acupuncture as control. We designed a randomized controlled trial, used sham acupuncture as the control, and evaluated the efficacy over 12 weeks of treatment and 12 weeks of follow-up. Methods/Design . The study was designed as a multicentre, parallel-group, randomized, double-blinded trial. 40 patients were randomly assigned to two groups: treatment group (treated with acupuncture) and control group (treated with sham acupuncture). Outcomes were measured at 4, 8, and 12 weeks and 3 months after treatment. Results . 33 participants (17 in acupuncture group and 16 in control group) completed the treatment and the follow-up. Decreases from baseline in mean waist circumference (WC) and weight at the end of treatment were 4.85 cm (95% CI [ 2.405,5.595 ]) and 4.00 kg (95% CI [ 1.6208,4.4498 ]) in acupuncture group and 1.62 cm and 1.64 kg in control group ( P 〈 0.01 ). The changes in mean glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and blood pressure in acupuncture group were greater than the changes in control group ( P 〈 0.05 , P 〈 0.01 ). Conclusion . Acupuncture decreases WC, HC, HbA1c, TG, and TC values and blood pressure in MetS.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1741-427X , 1741-4288
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2017/8598210
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2148302-4
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  • 9
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    CD147 Aggravated Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Triggering NF- κ B-Mediated Pyroptosis
    Hindawi Limited ; 2020
    In:  BioMed Research International Vol. 2020 ( 2020-07-02), p. 1-8
    Details
    In: BioMed Research International, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2020 ( 2020-07-02), p. 1-8
    Abstract: Background . Pyroptosis, a novel form of inflammatory programmed cell death, was recently found to be a cause of mucosal barrier defect. In our pervious study, CD147 expression was documented to increase in intestinal tissue of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Objective . The aim of this study was to determine the function of serum CD147 in pyroptosis. Methods . The study group consisted of 96 cases. The centration of CD147, IL-1 β , and IL-18 levels in serum was assessed by ELISA. Real-time PCR and WB were performed to analyze the effect of CD147 on pyroptosis. Results . In this study, our results showed that CD147 induced cell pyroptosis in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) by enhancement of IL-1 β and IL-18 expression and secretion in IECs, which is attributed to activation of inflammasomes, including caspase-1 and GSDMD as well as GSDME, leading to aggregate inflammatory reaction. Mechanically, CD147 promoted phosphorylation of NF- κ B p65 in IECs, while inhibition of NF- κ B activity by the NF- κ B inhibitor BAY11-7082 reversed the effect of CD147 on IL-1 β and IL-18 secretion. Most importantly, serum CD147 level is slightly clinically correlated with IL-1 β , but not IL-18 level. Conclusion . These findings revealed a critical role of CD147 in the patients with IBD, suggesting that blockade of CD147 may be a novel therapeutic strategy for the patients with IBD.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2314-6133 , 2314-6141
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2020/5341247
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2698540-8
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