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  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 1988
    In:  Journal of Glaciology Vol. 34, No. 117 ( 1988), p. 228-231
    In: Journal of Glaciology, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 34, No. 117 ( 1988), p. 228-231
    Kurzfassung: On 4 July 1986, dye was injected at a point slightly above the equilibrium line on Storglaciären, a small valley glacier in northern Sweden. Just below the equilibrium line, the glacier bed is over-deepened. The dye re-appeared in a stream at the glacier terminus over the next 35 d. This stream normally carries relatively little sediment, in constrast to the situation in another nearby stream that also emerges from the glacier. This suggests that the dye traveled in englacial rather than subglacial conduits. Tracer tests utilizing salt in bore holes in the overdeepening support this interpretation, as the bore holes were draining well above the bed. The dye appeared during three distinct events, suggesting that it became divided into at least three separate parcels shortly after injection. This probably occurred in the crevassed area in the vicinity of the injection point. The englacial location of the drainage may be explained by the fact that, in order to remain at the pressure melting-point, water in subglacial conduits coming out of the overdeepening may have had to warm up faster than would be possible by viscous heating alone. Such conduits would thus tend to freeze closed.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0022-1430 , 1727-5652
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publikationsdatum: 1988
    ZDB Id: 2140541-4
    SSG: 14
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    In: Journal of Glaciology, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 63, No. 242 ( 2017-12), p. 1012-1024
    Kurzfassung: We evaluate the variability in basal friction for Kronebreen, Svalbard, a fast-flowing tidewater glacier. We invert 3 years (2013–15) of surface velocities at high temporal resolution (generally 11 days), to estimate the changing basal properties of the glacier. Our results suggest that sliding behaviour of Kronebreen within a year is primarily influenced by changes in water input patterns during the meltwater season and basal friction is highly variable from a year to another. At present, models usually employ parameterisations to encompass the complex physics of glacier sliding by mathematically simulate their net effect. For such ice masses with strong seasonal variations of surface melt, the spatio-temporal patterns of basal friction imply that it is neither possible nor appropriate to use a parameterisation for bed friction that is fixed in space and/or time, at least in a timescale of a few years. Basal sliding may not only be governed by local processes such as basal topography or summer melt, but also be mediated by factors that vary over a larger distance and over a longer time period such as subglacial hydrology organisation, ice-thickness changes or calving front geometry.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0022-1430 , 1727-5652
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publikationsdatum: 2017
    ZDB Id: 2140541-4
    SSG: 14
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Online-Ressource
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    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 1995
    In:  Journal of Glaciology Vol. 41, No. 138 ( 1995), p. 217-231
    In: Journal of Glaciology, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 41, No. 138 ( 1995), p. 217-231
    Kurzfassung: Two experiments were conducted on the drainage system beneath the Lower part of the ablation zone of Storglaciären, a small valley glacier in northern Sweden. In the first experiment, over 70 tracer tests were performed in a cluster of moulins during a 1 month period, at sub-daily intervals. In the second experiment, input- and output-discharge signals were measured on the supraglacial melt stream emptying into a moulin and on the proglacial stream to which the moulin drains. The data from these two experiments are used in an idealized model of the subglacial drainage system to calculate the percentage of the system flowing as an open channel. Results from the tracer experiment suggest that the system is pressurized to within 60-340 m of the snout, while analysis of the discharge data indicates pressurized ronduits to within 0-415 m of the snout.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0022-1430 , 1727-5652
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publikationsdatum: 1995
    ZDB Id: 2140541-4
    SSG: 14
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Online-Ressource
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    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2017
    In:  Journal of Glaciology Vol. 63, No. 240 ( 2017-08), p. 593-602
    In: Journal of Glaciology, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 63, No. 240 ( 2017-08), p. 593-602
    Kurzfassung: We investigate the temporal evolution and spatial distribution of mass balance on the glacier Midtre Lovénbreen, Svalbard. Running a diagnostic high-resolution full-stress ice flow model with geometries obtained from five digital elevation models (DEMs) in the period 1962–2005, we compute velocity fields and linearly interpolated volume change of the glacier. We evaluate the kinematic free surface equation using these model outputs to solve the surface mass balance (SMB). Monitoring data on Midtre Lovénbreen allows model results to be compared with point measurements from the glacier over several decades. This method allows us to estimate the mass balance over the entire glacier surface, beyond the spatially limited field measurements, and to derive past SMB over an extended time period.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0022-1430 , 1727-5652
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publikationsdatum: 2017
    ZDB Id: 2140541-4
    SSG: 14
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Online-Ressource
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    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 1990
    In:  Journal of Glaciology Vol. 36, No. 122 ( 1990), p. 128-129
    In: Journal of Glaciology, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 36, No. 122 ( 1990), p. 128-129
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0022-1430 , 1727-5652
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publikationsdatum: 1990
    ZDB Id: 2140541-4
    SSG: 14
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
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    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2019
    In:  Journal of Glaciology Vol. 65, No. 249 ( 2019-02), p. 136-148
    In: Journal of Glaciology, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 65, No. 249 ( 2019-02), p. 136-148
    Kurzfassung: In this study, we combine remote sensing, in situ and model-derived datasets from 1966 to 2014 to calculate the mass-balance components of Kronebreen, a fast-flowing tidewater glacier in Svalbard. For the well-surveyed period 2009–2014, we are able to close the glacier mass budget within the prescribed errors. During these 5 years, the glacier geodetic mass balance was −0.69 ± 0.12 m w.e. a −1 , while the mass budget method led to a total mass balance of −0.92 ± 0.16 m w.e. a −1 , as a consequence of a strong frontal ablation (−0.78 ± 0.11 m w.e. a −1 ), and a slightly negative climatic mass balance (−0.14 ± 0.11 m w.e. a −1 ). The trend towards more negative climatic mass balance between 1966–1990 (+0.20 ± 0.05 m w.e. a −1 ) and 2009–2014 is not reflected in the geodetic mass balance trend. Therefore, we suspect a reduction in ice-discharge in the most recent period. Yet, these multidecadal changes in ice-discharge cannot be measured from the available observations and thus are only estimated with relatively large errors as a residual of the mass continuity equation. Our study presents the multidecadal evolution of the dynamics and mass balance of a tidewater glacier and illustrates the errors introduced by inferring one unmeasured mass-balance component from the others.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0022-1430 , 1727-5652
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publikationsdatum: 2019
    ZDB Id: 2140541-4
    SSG: 14
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 1990
    In:  Journal of Glaciology Vol. 36, No. 122 ( 1990), p. 67-71
    In: Journal of Glaciology, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 36, No. 122 ( 1990), p. 67-71
    Kurzfassung: Measured subglacial water pressures are frequently higher than theoretical values calculated by assuming that subglacial conduits are straight and either circular or semi-circular in shape. While this may be attributed to errors in the estimates of conduit roughness or ice viscosity, we suggest here an alternative explanation: namely, that the conduits are actually broad and low rather than semi-circular. Good agreement between measured and calculated pressures can be obtained by assuming that the cross-sectional shape of conduits resembles the space between the arc of a circle and its chord. The angle subtended by the arc, θ, is treated as an adjustable parameter. In four cases studied, θ ranged from 2° to 36°.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0022-1430 , 1727-5652
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publikationsdatum: 1990
    ZDB Id: 2140541-4
    SSG: 14
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Online-Ressource
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    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 1992
    In:  Journal of Glaciology Vol. 38, No. 130 ( 1992), p. 348-358
    In: Journal of Glaciology, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 38, No. 130 ( 1992), p. 348-358
    Kurzfassung: In 1985, 1987 and 1988, we measured deformation of boreholes in the ablation zone of Storglaciären. A different hole was used each year. Deformation profiles were determined for four consecutive time periods between mid-July and early September. All three holes were in an area where the glacier lies in an overdeepened part of the bed, up-glacier from a riegel. The first hole was approximately on the glacier center line while the others were midway between the center line and one or the other margin. Despite large standard errors, variations in the deformation profiles during the melt season are broadly consistent with other data. We thus believe that they are real, and that they reflect changes in the stress field resulting from changes in drag at the bed. A decrease in drag early in the melt season, coupled with convergence of the bed contours towards the riegel, is believed to be responsible for a previously documented increase in vertical velocity just up glacier from the riegal at this time of year. Also noteworthy, but perhaps problematical, was an abrupt transverse shear of at a depth of ~25 m near the center of the glacier in July 1985. The shear took place in the zone in which cold ice near the surface gives way to temperate ice deeper in the glacier.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0022-1430 , 1727-5652
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publikationsdatum: 1992
    ZDB Id: 2140541-4
    SSG: 14
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Online-Ressource
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    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2018
    In:  Journal of Glaciology Vol. 64, No. 248 ( 2018-12), p. 943-956
    In: Journal of Glaciology, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 64, No. 248 ( 2018-12), p. 943-956
    Kurzfassung: The Kongsfjord basin in northwest Svalbard is the site of a number of interdisciplinary studies concerned with the effect of fresh water from seasonal snow and glacier melt on the physical and biological environment. We use an energy-balance model coupled with a subsurface snow model to simulate the long-term climatic mass-balance evolution of the glaciers and the seasonal snow development of nonglacierized parts of the Kongsfjord basin. Runoff from both glacierized and nonglacierized parts of the basin is simulated to quantify the fresh water flux to the fjord. The model is calibrated with long-term mass-balance data measured at four glaciers, and with automatic weather station data. The simulated area-averaged climatic mass balance for the whole basin is positive (+0.23 m w.e. a −1 ) over the period 1980–2016; however, the trend for net mass balance is not statistically significant over the simulation period, despite the observed ongoing summer warming. Refreezing equals 0.24 m w.e. a −1 , which is equivalent to 17% of the total mass gain from precipitation and moisture deposition. Total runoff comprises contributions from seasonal snow in the nonglacierized area (16%) and glacier discharge (84%). Model time series shows a significant increasing trend for annual glacier runoff (6.83 × 10 6 m 3 a −1 ) over the simulation period.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0022-1430 , 1727-5652
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publikationsdatum: 2018
    ZDB Id: 2140541-4
    SSG: 14
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Online-Ressource
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    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2010
    In:  Journal of the International Phonetic Association Vol. 40, No. 2 ( 2010-08), p. 255-259
    In: Journal of the International Phonetic Association, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 40, No. 2 ( 2010-08), p. 255-259
    Kurzfassung: As prescribed in the by-laws of the Association and the Permanent Council for the Organisation of the International Congress of Phonetic Sciences, a call for nominations to elect the new IPA Council (2011–2015) and the IPA-elected representatives to the Permanent Council will start in August 2010. Both parts of the election will be held in November 2010. Twenty members of the IPA Council will be elected in November. The Council-elect will elect 10 additional members in March 2011. The new Council (30 members) will elect the Executive Committee in June 2011.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0025-1003 , 1475-3502
    RVK:
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publikationsdatum: 2010
    ZDB Id: 2072602-8
    SSG: 7,11
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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