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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Obesity Prevention and Diabetes Screening at Local Health Departments
    American Public Health Association ; 2010
    In:  American Journal of Public Health Vol. 100, No. 8 ( 2010-08), p. 1434-1441
    Details
    In: American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, Vol. 100, No. 8 ( 2010-08), p. 1434-1441
    Abstract: Objectives. We assessed whether local health departments (LHDs) were conducting obesity prevention programs and diabetes screening programs, and we examined associations between LHD characteristics and whether they conducted these programs. Methods. We used the 2005 National Profile of Local Health Departments to conduct a cross-sectional analysis of 2300 LHDs nationwide. We used multivariate logistic regressions to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results. Approximately 56% of LHDs had obesity prevention programs, 51% had diabetes screening programs, and 34% had both. After controlling for other factors, we found that employing health educators was significantly associated with LHDs conducting obesity prevention programs (OR = 2.08; 95% CI = 1.54, 2.81) and diabetes screening programs (OR = 1.63; 95% CI = 1.23, 2.17). We also found that conducting chronic disease surveillance was significantly associated with LHDs conducting obesity prevention programs (OR = 1.66; 95% CI = 1.26, 2.20) and diabetes screening programs (OR = 2.44; 95% CI = 1.90, 3.15). LHDs with a higher burden of diabetes prevalence were more likely to conduct diabetes screening programs (OR = 1.20; 95% CI = 1.11, 1.31) but not obesity prevention programs. Conclusions. The presence of obesity prevention and diabetes screening programs was significantly associated with LHD structural capacity and general performance. However, the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of both types of programs remain unknown.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0090-0036 , 1541-0048
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2009.168831
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Public Health Association
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2054583-6
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Family History of Diabetes, Awareness of Risk Factors, and Health Behaviors Among African Americans
    American Public Health Association ; 2007
    In:  American Journal of Public Health Vol. 97, No. 5 ( 2007-05), p. 907-912
    Details
    In: American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, Vol. 97, No. 5 ( 2007-05), p. 907-912
    Abstract: Objectives. We examined the role of family history of diabetes in awareness of diabetes risk factors and engaging in health behaviors. Methods. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 1122 African American adults without diabetes who were participants in Project DIRECT (Diabetes Interventions Reaching and Educating Communities Together). Results. After adjustment for age, gender, income, education, body mass index, and perceived health status, African Americans with a family history of diabetes were more aware than those without such a history of several diabetes risk factors: having a family member with the disease (relative risk [RR]=1.09; 95% confidence interval [CI] =1.03, 1.15), being overweight (RR=1.12; 95% CI=1.05, 1.18), not exercising (RR=1.17; 95% CI=1.07, 1.27), and consuming energy-dense foods (RR=1.10; 95% CI=1.00, 1.17). Also, they were more likely to consume 5 or more servings of fruits and vegetables per day (RR=1.31; 95% CI=1.02, 1.66) and to have been screened for diabetes (RR=1.21; 95% CI=1.12, 1.29). Conclusions. African Americans with a family history of diabetes were more aware of diabetes risk factors and more likely to engage in certain health behaviors than were African Americans without a family history of the disease.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0090-0036 , 1541-0048
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2005.077032
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Public Health Association
    Publication Date: 2007
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2054583-6
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Educational Disparities in Rates of Smoking Among Diabetic Adults: The Translating Research Into Action for Diabetes Study
    American Public Health Association ; 2008
    In:  American Journal of Public Health Vol. 98, No. 2 ( 2008-02), p. 365-370
    Details
    In: American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, Vol. 98, No. 2 ( 2008-02), p. 365-370
    Abstract: Objectives. We assessed educational disparities in smoking rates among adults with diabetes in managed care settings. Methods. We used a cross-sectional, survey-based (2002–2003) observational study among 6538 diabetic patients older than 25 years across multiple managed care health plans and states. For smoking at each level of self-reported educational attainment, predicted probabilities were estimated by means of hierarchical logistic regression models with random intercepts for health plan, adjusted for potential confounders. Results. Overall, 15% the participants reported current smoking. An educational gradient in smoking was observed that varied significantly (P 〈 .003) across age groups, with the educational gradient being strong in those aged 25 to 44 years, modest in those aged 45 to 64 years, and nonexistent in those aged 65 years or older. Of particular note, the prevalence of smoking observed in adults aged 25–44 years with less than a high school education was 50% (95% confidence interval: 36% to 63%). Conclusions. Approximately half of poorly educated young adults with diabetes smoke, magnifying the health risk associated with early-onset diabetes. Targeted public health interventions for smoking prevention and cessation among young, poorly educated people with diabetes are needed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0090-0036 , 1541-0048
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2005.083501
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Public Health Association
    Publication Date: 2008
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2054583-6
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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