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  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Predicting binaural speech intelligibility using the signal-to-noise ratio in the envelope power spectrum domain
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2016
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 140, No. 1 ( 2016-07-01), p. 192-205
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 140, No. 1 ( 2016-07-01), p. 192-205
    Kurzfassung: This study proposes a binaural extension to the multi-resolution speech-based envelope power spectrum model (mr-sEPSM) [Jørgensen, Ewert, and Dau (2013). J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 134, 436–446]. It consists of a combination of better-ear (BE) and binaural unmasking processes, implemented as two monaural realizations of the mr-sEPSM combined with a short-term equalization-cancellation process, and uses the signal-to-noise ratio in the envelope domain (SNRenv) as the decision metric. The model requires only two parameters to be fitted per speech material and does not require an explicit frequency weighting. The model was validated against three data sets from the literature, which covered the following effects: the number of maskers, the masker types [speech-shaped noise (SSN), speech-modulated SSN, babble, and reversed speech] , the masker(s) azimuths, reverberation on the target and masker, and the interaural time difference of the target and masker. The Pearson correlation coefficient between the simulated speech reception thresholds and the data across all experiments was 0.91. A model version that considered only BE processing performed similarly (correlation coefficient of 0.86) to the complete model, suggesting that BE processing could be considered sufficient to predict intelligibility in most realistic conditions.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.4954254
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publikationsdatum: 2016
    ZDB Id: 1461063-2
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Formant compensation for auditory feedback with English vowels
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2015
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 138, No. 1 ( 2015-07-01), p. 413-424
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 138, No. 1 ( 2015-07-01), p. 413-424
    Kurzfassung: Past studies have shown that speakers spontaneously adjust their speech acoustics in response to their auditory feedback perturbed in real time. In the case of formant perturbation, the majority of studies have examined speaker's compensatory production using the English vowel /ɛ/ as in the word “head.” Consistent behavioral observations have been reported, and there is lively discussion as to how the production system integrates auditory versus somatosensory feedback to control vowel production. However, different vowels have different oral sensation and proprioceptive information due to differences in the degree of lingual contact or jaw openness. This may in turn influence the ways in which speakers compensate for auditory feedback. The aim of the current study was to examine speakers' compensatory behavior with six English monophthongs. Specifically, the current study tested to see if “closed vowels” would show less compensatory production than “open vowels” because closed vowels' strong lingual sensation may richly specify production via somatosensory feedback. Results showed that, indeed, speakers exhibited less compensatory production with the closed vowels. Thus sensorimotor control of vowels is not fixed across all vowels; instead it exerts different influences across different vowels.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.4923154
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publikationsdatum: 2015
    ZDB Id: 1461063-2
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Compensations in response to real-time formant perturbations of different magnitudes
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2010
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 127, No. 2 ( 2010-02-01), p. 1059-1068
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 127, No. 2 ( 2010-02-01), p. 1059-1068
    Kurzfassung: Previous auditory perturbation studies have demonstrated that talkers spontaneously compensate for real-time formant-shifts by altering formant production in a manner opposite to the perturbation. Here, two experiments were conducted to examine the effect of amplitude of perturbation on the compensatory behavior for the vowel /ε/. In the first experiment, 20 male talkers received three step-changes in acoustic feedback: F1 was increased by 50, 100, and 200 Hz, while F2 was simultaneously decreased by 75, 125, and 250 Hz. In the second experiment, 21 male talkers received acoustic feedback in which the shifts in F1 and F2 were incremented by +4 and −5 Hz on each utterance to a maximum of +350 and −450 Hz, respectively. In both experiments, talkers altered production of F1 and F2 in a manner opposite to that of the formant-shift perturbation. Compensation was approximately 25%–30% of the perturbation magnitude for shifts in F1 and F2 up to 200 and 250 Hz, respectively. As larger shifts were applied, compensation reached a plateau and then decreased. The similarity of results across experiments suggests that the compensatory response is dependent on the perturbation magnitude but not on the rate at which the perturbation is introduced.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.3278606
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publikationsdatum: 2010
    ZDB Id: 1461063-2
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Stability of compensatory behavior for real-time perturbations of vowel formants
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2011
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 130, No. 4_Supplement ( 2011-10-01), p. 2569-2569
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 130, No. 4_Supplement ( 2011-10-01), p. 2569-2569
    Kurzfassung: While we talk, not only do we listen to the speech sounds other people make but also we listen to our own voice in order to control the phonetic/phonological details of the sounds. One example of this relationship is demonstrated by real-time formant perturbation studies which show that talkers automatically change their formant production when auditory feedback does not match with the vowel they intend to produce. The reported results are consistent across studies, yet the variability between talkers is usually quite large, with some talkers showing a large magnitude compensation while others compensate modestly. To date, the degree to which talkers compensate has been assumed to be stable, but this has never been directly examined. The current study tested the stability of compensatory behavior for perturbed formant shifted feedback by repeatedly testing a group of talkers over the course of a few weeks to measure the variance in formant values and compensation across experimental sessions. The results will be discussed in terms of sensorimotor adjustment and speech production models.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.3655293
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publikationsdatum: 2011
    ZDB Id: 1461063-2
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Contribution of envelope periodicity to release from speech-on-speech masking
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2013
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 134, No. 3 ( 2013-09-01), p. 2197-2204
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 134, No. 3 ( 2013-09-01), p. 2197-2204
    Kurzfassung: Masking release (MR) is the improvement in speech intelligibility for a fluctuating interferer compared to stationary noise. Reduction in MR due to vocoder processing is usually linked to distortions in the temporal fine structure of the stimuli and a corresponding reduction in the fundamental frequency (F0) cues. However, it is unclear if envelope periodicity related to F0, produced by the interaction between unresolved harmonics, contributes to MR. In the present study, MR was determined from speech reception thresholds measured in the presence of stationary speech-shaped noise and a competing talker. Two types of processing were applied to the stimuli: (1) An amplitude- and frequency-modulated vocoder attenuated the envelope periodicity and (2) high-pass (HP) filtering (cutoff = 500 Hz) reduced the influence of F0-related information from low-order resolved harmonics. When applied individually, MR was unaffected by HP filtering, but slightly reduced when envelope periodicity was attenuated. When both were applied, MR was strongly reduced. Thus, the results indicate that F0-related information is crucial for MR, but that it is less important whether the F0-related information is conveyed by low-order resolved harmonics or by envelope periodicity as a result of unresolved harmonics. Further, envelope periodicity contributes substantially to MR.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.4816409
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publikationsdatum: 2013
    ZDB Id: 1461063-2
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Making young ears old and old ears even older: Simulating a loss of synchrony
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2006
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 120, No. 5_Supplement ( 2006-11-01), p. 3346-3346
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 120, No. 5_Supplement ( 2006-11-01), p. 3346-3346
    Kurzfassung: Age-related changes in the auditory system have been attributed to three independent factors: OHC damage, changes in endocochlear potentials, and loss of neural synchrony. In previous studies, a jitter algorithm has been used to simulate the loss of synchrony in young adults (MacDonald et al., 2005). In this study, the effect of jitter on old adults with good audiograms in the speech range is explored. SPIN-R sentences were presented in two SNR and three processing conditions: intact, jitter, and smear. The parameters of the jittering algorithm were the same as those used with young adults. The parameters of smearing algorithm were chosen to match the spectral distortion produced by jitter algorithm. While both the jitter and smear conditions resulted in a significant decline in word identification, the decline was largest in the jitter condition. Psychometric functions were fitted to the data and compared to previous work with young adults. The comparison supports the hypothesis that loss of synchrony can adversely affect speech intelligibility in noise, and is consistent with the hypothesis that loss of synchrony occurs with age. As well, the comparison suggests that the effect of jitter may be linear.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.4781375
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publikationsdatum: 2006
    ZDB Id: 1461063-2
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Temporal control and compensation for perturbed voicing feedback
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2014
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 135, No. 5 ( 2014-05-01), p. 2986-2994
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 135, No. 5 ( 2014-05-01), p. 2986-2994
    Kurzfassung: Previous research employing a real-time auditory perturbation paradigm has shown that talkers monitor their own speech attributes such as fundamental frequency, vowel intensity, vowel formants, and fricative noise as part of speech motor control. In the case of vowel formants or fricative noise, what was manipulated is spectral information about the filter function of the vocal tract. However, segments can be contrasted by parameters other than spectral configuration. It is possible that the feedback system monitors phonation timing in the way it does spectral information. This study examined whether talkers exhibit a compensatory behavior when manipulating information about voicing. When talkers received feedback of the cognate of the intended voicing category (saying “tipper” while hearing “dipper” or vice versa), they changed the voice onset time and in some cases the following vowel.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.4871359
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publikationsdatum: 2014
    ZDB Id: 1461063-2
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    A cross-language study of compensatory response to formant-shifted feedback.
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2009
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 125, No. 4_Supplement ( 2009-04-01), p. 2755-2755
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 125, No. 4_Supplement ( 2009-04-01), p. 2755-2755
    Kurzfassung: Previous experiments in speech motor learning have demonstrated that the perception of our own voice while we speak plays a role in the control of fundamental and formant frequencies and vocal amplitude. When feedback is changed in real time, subjects alter speech production in attempt to compensate for the perturbation. By testing Japanese talkers in their native and a less familiar language (as well as English-speaking controls), we examine how this perception-production process is influenced by language. In the first study, native Japanese speakers produced an English word with formant-shifted feedback. In the second experiment, native Japanese speakers produced a Japanese syllable with altered feedback and produced an English word that contained a similar vowel with normal feedback. The results were compared with data from English controls and suggest that the compensatory behavior is not language dependent.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.4784630
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publikationsdatum: 2009
    ZDB Id: 1461063-2
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Auditory feedback and articulatory timing.
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2009
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 126, No. 4_Supplement ( 2009-10-01), p. 2223-2223
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 126, No. 4_Supplement ( 2009-10-01), p. 2223-2223
    Kurzfassung: Talkers listen to their own voice while they speak and use that feedback to monitor and control fine details of speech production. When auditory feedback is perturbed in real time, talkers spontaneously alter their speech production to compensate for the perturbation. Most research using real-time altered auditory feedback has focused on spectral manipulations of vowels with little attention devoted to temporal manipulations of consonants. In the present study, we examine the role of acoustic feedback in control of voice onset time (VOT). Utterances of the words “tip” and “dip” were recorded from native English speakers, and several representative productions were selected for each speaker. After this, talkers were asked to repeatedly produce either tip or dip. During these productions a real-time processing system was used to provide modified feedback through headphones. When talkers said one word, they simultaneously heard their own voice saying the other word. Results showed that the speakers compensated for the VOT perturbation such that they lengthened their VOT for /t/ when the VOT of the feedback was shorter (/d/). Based on these results, a comparison of the role of auditory feedback in controlling temporal and spectral aspects of speech production will be discussed.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.3248914
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publikationsdatum: 2009
    ZDB Id: 1461063-2
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Speech production in amplitude-modulated noise
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2013
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 133, No. 5_Supplement ( 2013-05-01), p. 3519-3519
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 133, No. 5_Supplement ( 2013-05-01), p. 3519-3519
    Kurzfassung: The Lombard effect refers to the phenomenon where talkers automatically increase their level of speech in a noisy environment. While many studies have characterized how the Lombard effect influences different measures of speech production (e.g., F0, spectral tilt, etc.), few have investigated the consequences of temporally fluctuating noise. In the present study, 20 talkers produced speech in a variety of noise conditions, including both steady-state and amplitude-modulated white noise. While listening to noise over headphones, talkers produced randomly generated five word sentences. Similar to previous studies, talkers raised the level of their voice in steady-state noise. While talkers also increased the level of their voice in amplitude-modulated noise, the increase was not as large as that observed in steady-state noise. Importantly, for the 2 and 4 Hz amplitude-modulated noise conditions, talkers altered the timing of their utterances, reducing the energetic overlap with the masker by approximately 2%. However, for the 1 Hz amplitude-modulated condition, talkers increased the overlap by approximately 4%. Overall, the results demonstrate that talkers are sensitive to the temporal aspects of noisy environments and will alter their speech accordingly.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.4806308
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publikationsdatum: 2013
    ZDB Id: 1461063-2
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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