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  • AIP Publishing  (31)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Optical gain from vertical Ge-on-Si resonant-cavity light emitting diodes with dual active regions
    AIP Publishing ; 2017
    In:  Applied Physics Letters Vol. 111, No. 11 ( 2017-09-11)
    Details
    In: Applied Physics Letters, AIP Publishing, Vol. 111, No. 11 ( 2017-09-11)
    Abstract: Vertical resonant-cavity light emitting diodes with dual active regions consisting of highly n-doped Ge/GeSi multiple quantum wells (MQWs) and a Ge epilayer are proposed to improve the light emitting efficiency. The MQWs are designed to optically pump the underlying Ge epilayer under electric injection. Abundant excess carriers can be optically pumped into the Γ valley of the Ge epilayer apart from electric pumping. With the combination of a vertical cavity, the efficiency of the optical-pumping process was effectively improved due to the elongation of the optical length in the cavity. With the unique feature, optical gain from the Ge epilayer is observed between 1625 and 1700 nm at injection current densities of & gt;1.528 kA/cm2. The demonstration of optical gain from the Ge epilayer indicates that this strategy can be generally useful for Si-based light sources with indirect band materials.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-6951 , 1077-3118
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.4993652
    RVK:
    UA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 211245-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1469436-0
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Strong electroluminescence from direct band and defects in Ge n+/p shallow junctions at room temperature
    AIP Publishing ; 2016
    In:  Applied Physics Letters Vol. 108, No. 19 ( 2016-05-09)
    Details
    In: Applied Physics Letters, AIP Publishing, Vol. 108, No. 19 ( 2016-05-09)
    Abstract: Strong room temperature electroluminescence with two emission peaks at around 0.786 eV and 0.747 eV from Ge n+/p shallow junctions was reported. The peak at around 0.786 eV comes from direct band luminescence (DBL) in n + Ge regions, while the peak fixing at 0.747 eV is resulted from defects induced by ion implantation. Heavy n-type doping in Ge renders realization of strong defect-related luminescence (DRL) feasible. The peak intensity ratio of DRL/DBL decreases with increase of injection current since more electrons are filled in Γ valley. Above all, the Ge n+/p shallow junction is fully compatible with the source and drain in Ge metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-6951 , 1077-3118
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.4949532
    RVK:
    UA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 211245-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1469436-0
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Integrated coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering and multiphoton microscopy for biomolecular imaging using spectral filtering of a femtosecond laser
    AIP Publishing ; 2010
    In:  Applied Physics Letters Vol. 96, No. 13 ( 2010-03-29)
    Details
    In: Applied Physics Letters, AIP Publishing, Vol. 96, No. 13 ( 2010-03-29)
    Abstract: We report on a unique implementation of a dual 4-f paired-gratings spectral filtering of a femtosecond (fs) laser to realize high contrast coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy and high quality multiphoton microscopy on the same platform for label-free biomolecular imaging. The 4-f gratings filtering enables readily conversion of the 100 fs laser pulse trains into transform-limited 1 picosecond (ps) pulses in the spectral range of 700–1600 nm for CARS imaging. Compared with fs-CARS microscopy, our ps-CARS imaging yields an approximately tenfold improvement in spectral resolution, while a twofold improvement in nonresonant background suppression. High quality second-harmonic generation and two-photon excitation fluorescence imaging can also be acquired in tandem when swapping the 4-f grating filtering from the ps mode to fs mode. We demonstrate this multimodal nonlinear optical microscopy technique by imaging 465 nm polystyrene beads in water and animal liver tissue.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-6951 , 1077-3118
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.3377905
    RVK:
    UA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 211245-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1469436-0
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Polarization-resolved second-harmonic generation imaging for liver fibrosis assessment without labeling
    AIP Publishing ; 2013
    In:  Applied Physics Letters Vol. 103, No. 17 ( 2013-10-21)
    Details
    In: Applied Physics Letters, AIP Publishing, Vol. 103, No. 17 ( 2013-10-21)
    Abstract: We apply the polarization-resolved second-harmonic generation (PR-SHG) microscopy to investigate the changes of collagen typings (type I vs type III) and collagen fibril orientations of liver tissue in bile-duct-ligation (BDL) rat models. The PR-SHG results show that the second-order susceptibility tensor ratios (χ31/χ15 and χ33/χ15) of collagen fibers increase with liver fibrotic progression after BDL surgery, reflecting an increase of the type III collagen component with the severity of liver fibrosis; and the square root of the collagen type III to type I ratio linearly correlates (R2 = 0.98) with histopathological scores. Furthermore, the collagen fibril orientations become more random with liver fibrosis transformation as compared to normal liver tissue. This work demonstrates that PR-SHG microscopy has the potential for label-free diagnosis and characterization of liver fibrosis based on quantitative analysis of collagen typings and fibril orientations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-6951 , 1077-3118
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.4826516
    RVK:
    UA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 211245-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1469436-0
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oxygen vacancy-induced ferromagnetism in Bi4NdTi3FeO15 multiferroic ceramics
    AIP Publishing ; 2016
    In:  Journal of Applied Physics Vol. 120, No. 15 ( 2016-10-21)
    Details
    In: Journal of Applied Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 120, No. 15 ( 2016-10-21)
    Abstract: Layered Aurivillius compounds with multiferroic properties have attracted much attention due to their rich fundamental physics and great application potential. However, the ferroelectric and magnetic properties are different for these compounds with different synthesis conditions. In this paper, we investigate the structure, ferroelectricity, and magnetism of four-layer Aurivillius-phase multiferroic Bi4NdTi3FeO15. The four-layer structure is confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction and high-angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy. The ferroelectricity together with dielectric constant can be reduced by vacuum-annealing treatment due to the increase of oxygen vacancy concentration. More interestingly, the ferromagnetism is strongly enhanced by vacuum-annealing and can be obviously suppressed after re-oxidization, which may be associated with Fe3+-O-Fe2+ coupling originated from the variable valence state of Fe with different oxidization conditions. These findings indicate that oxygen vacancies play a crucial role in the ferroelectric and magnetic properties in Aurivillius compounds synthesized by different conditions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8979 , 1089-7550
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.4965702
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 220641-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3112-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1476463-5
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Annular aperture-detected coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopy for high contrast vibrational imaging
    AIP Publishing ; 2010
    In:  Applied Physics Letters Vol. 97, No. 8 ( 2010-08-23)
    Details
    In: Applied Physics Letters, AIP Publishing, Vol. 97, No. 8 ( 2010-08-23)
    Abstract: We report on a unique annular aperture detection scheme for effective suppression of nonresonant background in coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy imaging. The results show that the resonant CARS signal to nonresonant background ratio (SBR) varies with both the scatterers’ sizes and the annular aperture diameters used, and an approximately 20-fold improvement in SBR can be obtained when an annular aperture size of 0.9 (related to the objective diameter) is selected for imaging the scatterers with diameters close to the excitation wavelength. We demonstrate this technique by imaging 300 to 1100 nm polystyrene beads and human epithelial cells in aqueous environments.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-6951 , 1077-3118
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.3483772
    RVK:
    UA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 211245-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1469436-0
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Angular radiation temperature simulation for time-dependent capsule drive prediction in inertial confinement fusion
    AIP Publishing ; 2015
    In:  Physics of Plasmas Vol. 22, No. 2 ( 2015-02-01)
    Details
    In: Physics of Plasmas, AIP Publishing, Vol. 22, No. 2 ( 2015-02-01)
    Abstract: The x-ray drive on a capsule in an inertial confinement fusion setup is crucial for ignition. Unfortunately, a direct measurement has not been possible so far. We propose an angular radiation temperature simulation to predict the time-dependent drive on the capsule. A simple model, based on the view-factor method for the simulation of the radiation temperature, is presented and compared with the experimental data obtained using the OMEGA laser facility and the simulation results acquired with VISRAD code. We found a good agreement between the time-dependent measurements and the simulation results obtained using this model. The validated model was then used to analyze the experimental results from the Shenguang-III prototype laser facility. More specifically, the variations of the peak radiation temperatures at different view angles with the albedo of the hohlraum, the motion of the laser spots, the closure of the laser entrance holes, and the deviation of the laser power were investigated. Furthermore, the time-dependent radiation temperature at different orientations and the drive history on the capsule were calculated. The results indicate that the radiation temperature from “U20W112” (named according to the diagnostic hole ID on the target chamber) can be used to approximately predict the drive temperature on the capsule. In addition, the influence of the capsule on the peak radiation temperature is also presented.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1070-664X , 1089-7674
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.4908276
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1472746-8
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    On the interactions between a propagating shock wave and evaporating water droplets
    AIP Publishing ; 2020
    In:  Physics of Fluids Vol. 32, No. 12 ( 2020-12-01)
    Details
    In: Physics of Fluids, AIP Publishing, Vol. 32, No. 12 ( 2020-12-01)
    Abstract: One-dimensional numerical simulations based on the hybrid Eulerian–Lagrangian approach are performed to investigate the interactions between propagating shock waves and dispersed evaporating water droplets in two-phase gas–droplet flows. Two-way coupling for interphase exchanges of mass, momentum, and energy is adopted. A parametric study on shock attenuation, droplet evaporation, motion, and heating is conducted, through considering various initial droplet diameters (5 µm–20 µm), number densities (2.5 × 1011/m3–2 × 1012/m3), and incident shock Mach numbers (1.17–1.9). It is found that the leading shock may be attenuated to the sonic wave and even to the subsonic wave when the droplet volume fraction is large and/or the incident shock Mach number is low. Attenuation in both strength and propagation speed of the leading shock is mainly caused by momentum transfer to the droplets that interact at the shock front. Total pressure recovery is observed in the evaporation region, whereas pressure loss results from shock compression, droplet drag, and pressure gradient force behind the shock front. Recompression of the region between the leading shock and the two-phase contact surface is observed when the following compression wave is supersonic. After a critical point, this region gets stable in width and interphase exchanges in mass, momentum, and energy. However, the recompression phenomenon is sensitive to the droplet volume fraction and may vanish with high droplet loading. For an incident shock Mach number of 1.6, recompression only occurs when the initial droplet volume fraction is below 3.28 × 10−5.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1070-6631 , 1089-7666
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/5.0035968
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1472743-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 241528-8
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    An insight into liquid water networks through hydrogen bonding halide anion: Stimulated Raman scattering
    AIP Publishing ; 2016
    In:  Journal of Applied Physics Vol. 119, No. 16 ( 2016-04-28)
    Details
    In: Journal of Applied Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 119, No. 16 ( 2016-04-28)
    Abstract: We have studied the interaction between water molecules and halide anions and acquired the influence of concentration by the spontaneous Raman spectrum. The results agreed well with the previous researches. To explore further, the stimulated Raman scattering of a halide–water binary solution is measured to study the nature of the hydrogen bonding between water molecules and halogen anions. Under the effect of laser-induced plasma, the OH stretching vibration spectra of aqueous solutions of halogen ions pretty exhibit different trend compared with that of spontaneous Raman spectrum. The frequency shifts of water OH vibration show different values and directions with adding different halide anions. The red shift of F−– and Cl−–water molecule clusters is due to the process of charge transfer, whereas the blue shift of Br−– and I−–water molecule cluster is due to polarization effect without charge transfer. The results demonstrate that F− and Cl− slightly weaken the hydrogen bond (HB), whereas Br− and I− enhance HB in the water cluster. The decrease of concentration of halogen ions aqueous solution can weaken the effect on the HB.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8979 , 1089-7550
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.4947292
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 220641-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3112-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1476463-5
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A universal chemical-induced tensile strain tuning strategy to boost oxygen-evolving electrocatalysis on perovskite oxides
    AIP Publishing ; 2022
    In:  Applied Physics Reviews Vol. 9, No. 1 ( 2022-03-01)
    Details
    In: Applied Physics Reviews, AIP Publishing, Vol. 9, No. 1 ( 2022-03-01)
    Abstract: Exploring effective, facile, and universal tuning strategies to optimize material physicochemical properties and catalysis processes is critical for many sustainable energy systems, but still challenging. Herein, we succeed to introduce tensile strain into various perovskites via a facile thermochemical reduction method, which can greatly improve material performance for the bottleneck oxygen-evolving reaction in water electrolysis. As an ideal proof-of-concept, such a chemical-induced tensile strain turns hydrophobic Ba5Co4.17Fe0.83O14-δ perovskite into the hydrophilic one by modulating its solid–liquid tension, contributing to its beneficial adsorption of important hydroxyl reactants as evidenced by fast operando spectroscopy. Both surface-sensitive and bulk-sensitive absorption spectra show that this strategy introduces oxygen vacancies into the saturated face-sharing Co-O motifs of Ba5Co4.17Fe0.83O14-δ and transforms such local structures into the unsaturated edge-sharing units with positive charges and enlarged electrochemical active areas, creating a molecular-level hydroxyl pool. Theoretical computations reveal that this strategy well reduces the thermodynamic energy barrier for hydroxyl adsorption, lowers the electronic work function, and optimizes the charge/electrostatic potential distribution to facilitate the electron transport between active sites and hydroxyl reactants. Also, this strategy is reliable for other single, double, and Ruddlesden–Popper perovskites. We believe that this finding will enlighten rational material design and in-depth understanding for many potential applications.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1931-9401
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/5.0083059
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2265524-4
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