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  • 1
    Book
    Book
    Klimaänderungen, Mensch und Lebensraum : Vorträge gehalten auf der Tagung der Joachim Jungius-Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften Hamburg am 20. und 21. Oktober 1979 (1980)
    Göttingen : Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Konferenzschrift 1979 ; Paläoklimatologie
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: 218 S , Ill., graph. Darst., Kt
    ISBN: 3525855672
    Series Statement: Veröffentlichung der Joachim Jungius-Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften, Hamburg Nr. 44
    URL: http://d-nb.info/810748363/04
    DDC: 551.6
    RVK:
    RB 10438
    Language: German
    Note: Literaturangaben
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  • 2
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    A link between paleoceanography, early diagenetic cementation, and shear strength maxima in Late Quaternary deep-sea sediments? (1989)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union)
    In:  Paleoceanography, 4 (3). pp. 253-269.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-10-02
    Description: Near-surface sediments from the equatorial east Atlantic and the Norwegian Sea exhibit pronounced shear strength maxima in profiles from the peak Holocene and Pleistocene. These semi-indurated layers start to occur at 8–102 cm below the sediment surface and can be explained neither by the modal composition nor by the effective overburden pressure of the sediments. However, scanning electron microscope and microprobe data exhibit micritic crusts and crystal carpets, which are clearly restricted to (undisturbed) samples from indurated layers and form a manifest explanation for their origin. The minerals precipitated comprise calcite, aragonite, and in samples more proximal to the African continent SiO2 needles, and needles of as yet unidentified K-Mg-Fe-Al silicates, crusts of which dominate the indurated layers in the Norwegian Sea. By their stratigraphic position in deep-sea sediments the carbonate-based shear strength maxima are tentatively ascribed to dissolved adjacent pteropod layers from the early Holocene and hence to short-lived no-analogue events of early diagenesis. Possibly, they have been controlled by a reduced organic carbon flux, leading to increased aragonite preservation in the deep sea.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1029/PA004i003p00253
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 3
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    Benthic isotope evidence for changes of the Mediterranean outflow during the Late Quaternary (1987)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union)
    In:  Paleoceanography, 2 (6). pp. 543-559.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-09-05
    Description: A suit of sediment cores close to and south of the Strait of Gibraltar (12°-36°N, 500–2800 m water depth) were analyzed for stable isotopes in epibenthic foraminifers Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi and Planulina ariminensis. During peak glacial times, the data exhibit higher δ13C values of up to 1.6‰ at intermediate depths near the Strait of Gibraltar (36°N). The values decrease to the south as evidenced by our data, but also to the north as revealed by data of intermediate depth cores north of 38°N (in Duplessy et al. [1987]). Thus, the distribution pattern of δ13C provides crucial evidence for an increased influence of nutrient depleted Mediterranean Outflow Water (MOW) on the glacial northeast Atlantic hydrography. During oxygen isotope Terminations I and II, the meridional carbon isotope gradient indicates a significantly decreased but still active MOW. As deduced from the δ18O fluctuations, the temperatures of the MOW in the Atlantic were lower during glacial times by as much as 5°C. During glacial times and during Termination I the maximum δ13C values of the MOW correlate with minimum values of the North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) and vice versa. This inverse response to climatic change of the carbon isotope signals of both water masses indicates, that the supply of saline MOW to the north Atlantic may be less important for the formation of NADW than previously assumed.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1029/PA002i006p00543
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 4
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    Variations in Atlantic surface ocean paleoceanography, 50°-80°N: A time-slice record of the last 30,000 years (1995)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union)
    In:  Paleoceanography, 10 (6). pp. 1063-1094.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-08-28
    Description: Eight time slices of surface-water paleoceanography were reconstructed from stable isotope and paleotemperature data to evaluate late Quaternary changes in density, current directions, and sea-ice cover in the Nordic Seas and NE Atlantic. We used isotopic records from 110 deep-sea cores, 20 of which are accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS)-14C dated and 30 of which have high (〉8 cm /kyr) sedimentation rates, enabling a resolution of about 120 years. Paleotemperature estimates are based on species counts of planktonic foraminifera in 18 cores. The δ18O and δ13C distributions depict three main modes of surface circulation: (1) The Holocene-style interglacial mode which largely persisted over the last 12.8 14C ka, and probably during large parts of stage 3. (2) The peak glacial mode showing a cyclonic gyre in the, at least, seasonally ice-free Nordic Seas and a meltwater lens west of Ireland. Based on geostrophic forcing, it possibly turned clockwise, blocked the S-N flow across the eastern Iceland-Shetland ridge, and enhanced the Irminger current around west Iceland. It remains unclear whether surface-water density was sufficient for deepwater formation west of Norway. (3) A meltwater regime culminating during early glacial Termination I, when a great meltwater lens off northern Norway probably induced a clockwise circulation reaching south up to Faeroe, the northward inflow of Irminger Current water dominated the Icelandic Sea, and deepwater convection was stopped. In contrast to circulation modes two and three, the Holocene-style circulation mode appears most stable, even unaffected by major meltwater pools originating from the Scandinavian ice sheet, such as during δ18O event 3.1 and the Bölling. Meltwater phases markedly influenced the European continental climate by suppressing the “heat pump” of the Atlantic salinity conveyor belt. During the peak glacial, melting icebergs blocked the eastward advection of warm surface water toward Great Britain, thus accelerating buildup of the great European ice sheets; in the early deglacial, meltwater probably induced a southward flow of cold water along Norway, which led to the Oldest Dryas cold spell.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1029/95PA01453
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 5
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    Overview of Glacial Atlantic Ocean Mapping (GLAMAP 2000) (2003)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union)
    In:  Paleoceanography, 18 (2). p. 1030.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-05-10
    Description: GLAMAP 2000 presents new reconstructions of the Atlantic's sea surface temperatures (SST) at the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), defined at both 21,500–18,000 years B.P. (“Last Isotope Maximum”) and 23,000–19,000 years B.P. (maximum glacial sea level low stand and orbital minimum of solar insolation; EPILOG working group; see Mix et al. [2001]). These reconstructions use 275 sediment cores between the North Pole and 60°S with carefully defined chronostratigraphies. Four categories of core quality are distinguished. More than 100 core sections provide a glacial record with subcentennial- to multicentennial-scale resolution. SST estimates are based on a new set of almost 1000 reference samples of modern planktic foraminifera and on improved transfer-function techniques to deduce SST from census counts of microfossils, including radiolarians and diatoms. New proxies also serve to deduce sea ice boundaries. The GLAMAP 2000 SST patterns differ significantly in crucial regions from the CLIMAP [1981] reconstruction and thus are important in providing updated boundary conditions to initiate and validate computational models for climate prediction.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1029/2002PA000769
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
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