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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel :Springer Basel AG,
    Keywords: Biopolymers -- Congresses. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (305 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9783034880435
    Series Statement: Mathematics and Biosciences in Interaction Series
    Language: English
    Note: Intro -- Copyright -- Table of Contents -- Preface -- Introduction -- Index.
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  • 2
    Keywords: Bericht ; Forschungsbericht ; Schifffahrt ; Ballasttank ; Einschleppung ; Verbreitungsökologie ; Einbürgerung ; Aufwuchs
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: XXXIV, 273, [172] S , graph. Darst
    Series Statement: Texte / Umweltbundesamt 2000,5
    RVK:
    Language: German
    Note: Literaturangaben
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Helgoland marine research 15 (1967), S. 534-547 
    ISSN: 1438-3888
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 1. Das Tauchen als Methode zur Untersuchung von Plankton und Echostreuschichten wird durch vier Beispiele erläutert: (a) Visuelle Beobachtungen an Wasserschichtungen und Grenzschichten durch Schwimmtaucher. (b) Untersuchung von Echostreuschichten durch Freitaucher, wobei sich ergab, daß angesammeltes biogenes Material in den untersuchten Sprung- beziehungsweise Streuschichten die Schallreflektion nicht beeinflußt. (c) Beobachtung von Großplankton und Feststellung von Planktonund Sestonkonzentrationen beim Tauchen mit dem Bathyscaph. (d) Untersuchung der Tiefenstreuschicht (deep scattering layer) durch Beobachtung der Vertikalwanderung bestimmter Arten des Großplanktons mit den Tauchbooten Bathyscaph und Soucoupe Plongeante. Physonectide Siphonophoren und Myctophiden standen in deutlicher Beziehung zur Tiefenstreuschicht und wurden als Echogeber erkannt. 2. Die Möglichkeiten, von Tauchbooten aus quantitative und qualitative Proben von Plankton und auch vom Benthos zu nehmen, sind zur Zeit noch unzureichend. Die Entwicklung entsprechender Geräte für den wahlweisen und mehrfachen Einsatz bei demselben Tauchgang wird empfohlen.
    Notes: Abstract Diving techniques are employed as a research tool in plankton investigations carried out in shallow water of the western Baltic Sea. Observations and samplings were made by skin divers on scattering layers corresponding to the discontinuity layers. Biogene materials, sometimes concentrated at the thermocline, are not responsible for this special kind of scattering, but rather discontinuity of salinity and temperature (Lenz 1965). For observations in deep water the use of undersea vehicles is recommended. From the Bathyscaph and the diving saucer, single plankton organisms and plankton concentrations were observed (e. g.Bernard 1958); investigations on the deep scattering layer have shown physonectid siphonophores and myctophids to be scatterers (Barham 1966). The equipment for sampling plankton and benthos from undersea vehicles is poorly developed. We need urgently gear for quantitative and qualitative sampling and for manifold use during single dives, i. e., multiple sampling gear and magazins for storage of samples.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
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    Oxford Univ. Press
    In:  Journal of Plankton Research, 26 (3). pp. 357-369.
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: The so-called ‘turbulence incubator’ overcomes an essential disadvantage of static in situ incubations where at high irradiances an artificial photoinhibition is caused by neglecting turbulent mixing in the upper water column. It is operated on deck and simulates the changing light conditions for vertically mixed phytoplankton cells by moving the sample bottles horizontally through a circular water bath covered by a glass lid of neutral optical density filters. In this way the exponentially decreasing irradiance within the euphotic zone is simulated and photoinhibition near the surface is avoided. A crucial point is the choice of revolution rate for simulating turbulent mixing under natural conditions. The incubator is characterized by its handy size, a relatively simple and inexpensive construction and a battery-driven motor. It can thus even be operated on small vessels without an electric generator. The incubator is especially suited for vertically mixed waters such as shallow bays, tidal estuaries and rivers. Its reliability was successfully tested by a simultaneous comparison with in situ measurements at various stations representing different water types and environmental conditions, ranging from the turbid River Elbe to the clear open Baltic Sea. In 9 out of 11 experiments, higher primary production rates were obtained in the turbulence incubator than in static in situ incubations. The majority of the latter were characterized by a pronounced photoinhibition in the upper two incubation depths representing the 100 and 50% light levels. The average rate increase amounted to 22%, with a range between 11 and 53% depending on light attenuation and irradiance.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2018-06-07
    Description: The marine microcopepod family Oncaeidae in the Red Sea has been the subject of comprehensive ecological studies over the past 15 years, providing for the first time insights into their community structure, vertical distribution and feeding ecology. Owing to taxonomic problems in species identification, however, many of the earlier ecological results were based on provisionally named species or morphotypes. A recent, ongoing taxonomic study of Red Sea Oncaeidae resulted in a considerable increase in the estimated numbers of species, since many of the species had not been described before. The present paper focuses on the potential significance of an improved taxonomic resolution of oncaeids with respect to various ecological aspects in this area, such as indicator species, community analysis and vertical distribution. The progress in our knowledge of the diversity of Red Sea Oncaeidae is summarized, including latest findings on the taxonomy and zoogeography of very small species (〈0.5 mm), and the importance of sibling species in the family is pointed out. The south–north gradient in species diversity of Oncaeidae within the Red Sea appears to be greater than previously assumed, since several of the newly described species were restricted to the southern part. The number of endemic species among Red Sea oncaeids is very low, however, most of the new species being also recorded outside the Red Sea. New quantitative data on the abundance and vertical distribution of selected oncaeid siblings obtained during a recent cruise in the northern Red Sea are provided to exemplify the changes in the knowledge of oncaeid community structure attributable to the improved taxonomic resolution. The potential ecological importance of a more differentiated consideration of oncaeid species in marine microcopepod communities is discussed
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2018-05-30
    Description: In an assessment of non-indigenous species transported by international ship traffic to German waters, commissioned by the German Federal Environmental Agency, the survival of tropical plankton organisms in ballast water was studied by accompanying a container vessel on its 23-day voyage from Singapore to Bremerhaven in Germany. Two tanks, one filled off Singapore and the other off Colombo, Sri Lanka, were monitored for their phyto- and zooplankton content by daily sampling. As already reported in previous studies, species abundance and diversity, especially of zooplankton, decreased sharply during the first days, and only a few specimens survived the whole cruise. The contents of the Colombo tank, however, changed dramatically during the last week. The harpacticoid copepod, Tisbe graciloides, increased its abundance by a factor of 100 from 0.1 to 10ind. l–1 within a few days. This is the first time that a ballast water organism has been found to multiply at such a high rate. Opportunistic species such as Tisbe are apparently able to thrive and propagate in ballast water tanks under certain conditions. Ballast water tanks may thus serve as incubators for certain species depending on their characteristics.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2022-04-22
    Description: Im August 1966 wurden zwischen Cuxhaven und Edinburgh 39 Oberflachenproben in 10 sm Abstand und 17 Tiefenproben auf 5 Vertikalstationen entnommen. Es wurden die Verteilung von Temperatur, Salzgehalt, Trübung, Gelbstoff-, Chlorophyll a- und Eiweißgehalt und die Artenzusammensetzung des größeren Phytoplanktons untersucht. Folgende Wassermassen wurden beobachtet: 1. Das Wasser der Deutschen Bucht mit hohen Werten für die Trübung, den Gelbstoff-, Chlorophyll- und Eiweißgehalt. Das Phytoplankton ist durch den Reichtum an Diatomeen mit der vorherrschenden Art Rhizosolenia imbricata var. shrubsolei gekennzeichnet. 2. Das salzreiche Doggerbankwasser atlantischer Herkunft, das sehr niedrige Werte für die untersuchten biologischen Faktoren aufweist. Neben den Diatomeen werden Dinoflagellaten häufig. 3. Das Britannische Ostktüstenwasser mit einem leicht erhöhten Gelbstoffgehalt aber sonst ebenfalls sehr niedrigen Werten für Trübung, Chlorophyll a und Eiweiß. Die Kieselalgen sind von Peridineen abgelöst worden. Die Leitform ist Ceratium furca. Der Küsteneinfluß ist an der schottischen Küste sehr viel geringer als in der Deutschen Bucht. Die niedrigen Chlorophyll- und Eiweißwerte in der offenen Nordsee kennzeichnen das sommerliche Minimum in der Planktonentwicklung.
    Type: Article , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2022-04-26
    Description: Anhand von zwei käuflichen Präparaten wird die Extinktion von Chlorophyll a in verschiedenen Lösungsmitteln untersucht und daraus der Extinktionskoeffizient für frisch extrahiertes, ungetrocknetes Chlorophyll a in Methanol abgeleitet. Er beträgt für das rote Extinktionsmaximum bei 665 nm 75.0 l/g cm. Die Extinktionskoeffizienten von getrocknetem Chlorophyll a sind in den untersuchten Lösungsmitteln 10-25% niedriger als die von einer frisch extrahierten Chlorophyllösung (Tabelle 2). Die Messung des Chlorophyll a-Gehaltes kann mit hinreichender Genauigkeit in einem Filterphotometer (ELKO II, Zeiss) ausgeführt werden. Hierzu werden Eichkurven für drei verschiedene Interferenzfilter angegeben. From two purchasable preparations of crystalline chlorophyll a, the extinction coefficient of undried chlorophyll a in methanol has been calculated as 75.0 l/g cm at the maximum of extinction at 665 nm. The extinction coefficients of dried chlorophyll a in the different solvents tested are 10-25% lower than those of undried chlorophyll a (table 2). Chlorophyll a can be measured in a filter photometer (ELKO II, Zeiss) with sufficient precision. Standard curves for three different interference filters are given.
    Type: Article , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2022-04-26
    Description: Die Teilchengrößenanalyse van Detrituspartikeln mit dem Teilchengrößenanalysator TGZ 3 der Firma Zeiss wird ausführlich beschrieben. Nach dieser Methode wurden insgesamt 92 Wasserproben von 6 Stationen in der westlichen Ostsee untersucht und eine Gesamtverteilungskurve für alle Detritusteilchen gebildet. In dem untersuchten Größenbereich zwischen 8 und 60 µ wurden die folgenden Mittelwerte gefunden: Teilchengröße: 17.6 ± 6.5 µ., Teilchenzahl: 1.35 Mill./l, Teilchenvolumen: 5.68 mm3/l, Teilchenoberfläche: 14.91 cm2/l. Es wird gezeigt, daß unter gewissen Voraussetzungen aus der Teilchengrößenverteilung das Detritustrockengewicht einer Wasserprobe errechnet werden kann. Die gewonnenen Ergebnisse werden mit den Detrituswerten verglichen, die aus den gleichzeitig ausgeführten chemischen Analysendaten durch die Differenzbildung Sestongewicht - Planktongewicht (nach dem Eiweiß- und Chlorophyllgehalt) = Detritusgewicht erhalten wurden. The analysis of the size distribution of detritus particles by means of the 'Teilchengrößenanalysator TGZ 3, Fa. Zeiss' is described in detail. 92 water samples collected at 6 stations in the western Baltic were analysed by this method. A total size spectrum for all counted particles is formed. in the investigated size group ranging from 8 to 60 µ average values were found as follows: particle size: 17.6 ± 6.5 µ, particle number: 1.35 mill./l, particle volume: 5.68 mm3/l, particle surface: 14.91 cm2/l. It is shown, with some assumptions, that the dry weight of detritus particles present in a water sample can be calculated from their size frequency. The obtained results are compared with parallel values derived from chemical analysis of the same samples as follows: seston weight - plankton weight (derived from albumen and chlorophyll content) = detritus weight.
    Type: Article , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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