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  • 1985-1989  (32)
  • 1970-1974  (7)
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  • 1
    Keywords: Dust-Congresses. ; Electronic books.
    Description / Table of Contents: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop, Oracle, AZ, U.S.A., November 17-19, 1987.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (904 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9789400909953
    Series Statement: Nato Science Series C: Series ; v.282
    DDC: 551.6
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: 35 S , 24 Abb
    Series Statement: Berichte / Geologisch-Paläontologisches Institut und Museum, Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel 11
    Language: German
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  • 3
    Keywords: Reisebericht ; Atlantischer Ozean ; Geologie ; Expedition
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: 40, [29] S , Ill., graph. Darst., Kt , 29 cm
    Series Statement: Berichte / Geologisch-Paläontologisches Institut und Museum, Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, BR Deutschland Nr. 36
    Language: German
    Note: Beitr. teilw. dt., teilw. engl
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  • 4
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (178 Seiten = 10 MB) , Illustrationen, Graphen, Karten
    Edition: Online-Ausgabe 2023
    Language: German
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  • 5
    Keywords: Meeressedimente ; Hydrographie ; Hydrochemie ; Diplomarbeit ; Atlantik ; Hochschulschrift
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (85 Seiten = 5 MB) , Illustrationen, Graphen, Karten
    Edition: Online-Ausgabe
    Language: German
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of earth sciences 63 (1974), S. 1065-1087 
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Fairly constant winds from N to NNE (Fig. 2) prevail at present at the Western Sahara coast. Accordingly, a relatively narrow field of barchan dunes of only 80 km width reaches the coast SE of Cape Blanc (Fig. 1). Very uniform pebble plains form their ground of advance in the study area 60 km wide and 18 km long. Height H, volume V, and distance D from the southern border of the study area were determined for 963 dunes from aerial photographs (Figs. 5 and 6). Data on the dune advance rate were estimated for the particular region byCoursin (1964). Consequently it was possible to calculate a dune sand discharge amounting to 93 000 m3/yr/80 km crossing the southern border of the study area at the time the aerial photographs were taken. Based on the areal distribution pattern of the dunes this sand flow probably might increase threefold within the next 800 years (Fig. 7). Corresponding to the dune sand-discharge QT a saltation sand-discharge (Q and q), 50–100 times larger, of 5,0 and 7–13 Mio m3/yr/80 km, respectively, reaches the Atlantic from the Sahara. The estimates were derived from two independant calculations: the dune advance rate and the wind data. If one compares the wind transported load from the Sahara with that of the mouths of large rivers (e. g. Niger River: 40 Mio. m3/yr) it seems only of minor importance. Because of the relatively coarse grain sizes (Md≈220μm) the wind sand supply is deposited mainly along the strand line. Consequently, remarkably wide sebkha plains are built forward and the shelf becomes unusually narrow. Several independent criteria (e. g. Fig. 7) suggest a fairly young age, close to 500 years of the recent barchan field. A different wind direction, from the NE, and a lowered sea-level might have resulted during the ice-ages in as much as 5 times larger wind load (? 25 Mio m3/yr) arriving at the shelf edge and from there flowing down to the deep sea as turbidity currents. The present wind load has a content of iron oxides of roughly 1.2 per thousand. This value increased to 3.2 per thousand in Pleistocene dune sands.
    Abstract: Résumé Actuellement, des vents assez constants de N à NNE, prédominant le long de la côte occidentale du Sahara, produisent un champ de barkhanes, de 80 km seulement de large, qui atteint la côte de l'Atlantique au SE du Cap Blanc (fig. 1). Des plaines de cailloux forment la base des dunes dans la zone étudiée qui est 60 km de large et 18 km de long. Ici, la hauteur H, le volume V et la distance D à la limite sud de la zone étudiée ont été déterminé pour 963 dunes d'après des photos aériennes (fig. 5 et 6). A l'aide de données sur la vitesse du déplacement des dunes (Coursin, 1964) il a été possible de calculer l'écoulement des sables dunaires (la quantité de sable transporté par les dunes). Il atteint 93.000 m3/an/80 km près de la limite sud de la zone, à l'époque où les photos aériennes ont été prises. D'après la répartition des dunes de cette zone, il est probable que cet écoulement de sable triplera au cours des prochains 800 ans (fig. 7). A l'écoulement des sables de dune (QT) correspond un mouvement des sables par saltation (Q et q). Il est 50–100 fois plus important, soit de 5 soit de 7–13× 106 m3/an/80 km, et atteint l'Atlantique en venant du Sahara. Ces données estimées résultent de deux méthodes de calculs indépendantes (Bagnold, 1941); 1. de la vitesse de déplacement des dunes, 2. des données sur la force du vent. Comparé à l'apport des grands fleuves (p. E. le Niger: 40×106 m3/an), l'apport du au vent est de moindre importance. Le sable dunaire est cependant déposé près de la côte à cause de la taille assez grande des grains (Md ≈220μ). Ainsi de larges sebhkas sont formés et le plateau continental devient exceptionellement étroit. Plusieurs arguments indépendants (fig. 7) permettent de supposer un âge très jeune, 500 ans, pour le champ de barkhanes. Pendant l'époque glaciaire, le vent venait du NE et le niveau marin était plus bas. Ainsi, l'apport sableux par le vent, probablement 5 fois plus important que celui d'aujourd'hui (25×106 m3/an), atteignait le bord du plateau continental et influençait, par des turbidites, la sédimentation dans l'océan profond. Le matériel apporté actuellement par le vent, contient 1,2 ‰ d'oxydes de fer. Dans les sables pleistocènes, cette valeur accroît jusqu'à 3,2 ‰
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Konstante Winde aus N bis NNE lassen aus der Sahara derzeit ein nur 80 km breites Feld Barchandünen SE von Cap Blanc zur Atlantikküste vordringen. Peneplainartige Kiesebenen bilden hier einen gleichmäßigen Untergrund für ein Meßfeld von 60 km Breite und 18 km Tiefe. Darauf wurden aus Luftbildern für 963 Dünen Höhe H, Volumen V und Abstand D von der Südgrenze des Meßfeldes bestimmt (Abb. 5 und 6). Bereits vorhandene Angaben über die Dünenwandergeschwindigkeit (Coursin, 1964) erlaubten aus diesen Daten den Dünen-Sandstrom zu berechnen. Für die Südgrenze des Meßfeldes ergaben sich für den Zeitpunkt der Luftbildaufnahme 93 000 m3/J./80 km. Aufgrund der Verteilung der Dünen auf dem Meßfeld ist zu erwarten, daß binnen 800 Jahren dieser Sandstrom auf das Dreifache anwachsen dürfte (Abb. 7). Dem Dünen-Sandstrom QT entspricht ein rund 50–100mal größerer Sprung-Sandstrom (Q bzw. q) Sahara—Atlantik mit 5,0 bzw. 7–13 Mio. m3/J./80 km. Diese Schätzwerte beruhen auf zwei voneinander unabhängigen Berechnungswegen (Bagnold, 1941): 1. aus der Dünenwandergeschwindigkeit, 2. aus Winddaten. Verglichen mit der Fracht in großen Flußmündungen (z. B. Niger: 40 Mio. m3/J.) ist die Windfracht der Sahara eher unbedeutend. Wegen ihrer relativ groben Korngrößen (Md≈220μ) wird sie vor allem nahe der Strandlinie abgelagert. Sie führt damit zum Vorbau besonders weiter Salzmarschen („Sebkhas“) und zu einer außergewöhnlichen Verengung des Schelfes. Mehrere unabhängige Argumente (u. a. Abb. 7) deuten auf ein sehr jugendliches Alter des Barchanfeldes von knapp 500 Jahren. Während der Eiszeiten dürften andere Windrichtungen (aus NE) und ein niedrigerer Meeresspiegel dazu beigetragen haben, daß ein etwa fünfmal größerer Windsandstrom (? 25 Mio. m3/J.) die Schelfkante des Atlantiks erreichte und durch abgleitende Suspensionsströme die Tiefseesedimentation mit beeinflußte. Die heutige Windfracht führt rund 1,2 ‰ Eisenoxide mit sich. Dieser Betrag steigt bei den Pleistozänsanden auf 3,2 ‰
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2018-10-02
    Description: Near-surface sediments from the equatorial east Atlantic and the Norwegian Sea exhibit pronounced shear strength maxima in profiles from the peak Holocene and Pleistocene. These semi-indurated layers start to occur at 8–102 cm below the sediment surface and can be explained neither by the modal composition nor by the effective overburden pressure of the sediments. However, scanning electron microscope and microprobe data exhibit micritic crusts and crystal carpets, which are clearly restricted to (undisturbed) samples from indurated layers and form a manifest explanation for their origin. The minerals precipitated comprise calcite, aragonite, and in samples more proximal to the African continent SiO2 needles, and needles of as yet unidentified K-Mg-Fe-Al silicates, crusts of which dominate the indurated layers in the Norwegian Sea. By their stratigraphic position in deep-sea sediments the carbonate-based shear strength maxima are tentatively ascribed to dissolved adjacent pteropod layers from the early Holocene and hence to short-lived no-analogue events of early diagenesis. Possibly, they have been controlled by a reduced organic carbon flux, leading to increased aragonite preservation in the deep sea.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 8
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    Unknown
    AGU (American Geophysical Union)
    In:  Paleoceanography, 2 (6). pp. 543-559.
    Publication Date: 2016-09-05
    Description: A suit of sediment cores close to and south of the Strait of Gibraltar (12°-36°N, 500–2800 m water depth) were analyzed for stable isotopes in epibenthic foraminifers Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi and Planulina ariminensis. During peak glacial times, the data exhibit higher δ13C values of up to 1.6‰ at intermediate depths near the Strait of Gibraltar (36°N). The values decrease to the south as evidenced by our data, but also to the north as revealed by data of intermediate depth cores north of 38°N (in Duplessy et al. [1987]). Thus, the distribution pattern of δ13C provides crucial evidence for an increased influence of nutrient depleted Mediterranean Outflow Water (MOW) on the glacial northeast Atlantic hydrography. During oxygen isotope Terminations I and II, the meridional carbon isotope gradient indicates a significantly decreased but still active MOW. As deduced from the δ18O fluctuations, the temperatures of the MOW in the Atlantic were lower during glacial times by as much as 5°C. During glacial times and during Termination I the maximum δ13C values of the MOW correlate with minimum values of the North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) and vice versa. This inverse response to climatic change of the carbon isotope signals of both water masses indicates, that the supply of saline MOW to the north Atlantic may be less important for the formation of NADW than previously assumed.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2016-09-05
    Description: Paleoceanographic and stratigraphic methods, based on high-resolution compressional wave (p-wave) velocity measurements, have been applied to the studies of late Quaternary deep-sea carbonates in the western and eastern equatorial Atlantic. The measurements provide sonostratigraphic records in which changes in p-wave velocity parallel the changes from a glacial to an interglacial climate: Maxima in p-wave velocity (greater than 1540 m/s) occur during interglacial oxygen isotope stages 1, 5 and 7. Minima (1490 m/s) occur during glacial oxygen isotope stages 2, 4 and 6. Changes in p-wave velocity parallel past changes in carbonate accumulation and sediment coarse fraction, and allow a detailed core to core correlation. From these results two main patterns emerge: (1) In cores from shallower than 4300 m and from well above the present lysocline, large temporal changes in p-wave velocity parallel the production of planktonic foraminifera and the climatic history recorded in the sediments, and (2) below 4300 m, the position of the foraminiferal lysocline in the western equatorial Atlantic, large downcore p-wave velocity fluctuations gradually disappear due to dissolution of carbonate sediments. Dissolution also causes a distinct decrease in p-wave velocity and acoustic reflectivity in surface sediments across the present foraminiferal lysocline. Thus, past changes in the position of the foraminiferal lysocline or calcite compensation depth that caused distinct changes in reflectivity of sediments should lead to distinct reflectors within sediment columns. Their distribution can be utilized to map paleowater masses with different degrees of carbonate saturation.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2022-07-11
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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