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  • 1985-1989  (19)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palaeoceanography: Biomarkers for ancient climates (1986)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 320 (1986), S. 107-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] ENVIRONMENTAL conditions of growth, particularly ocean temperature, are faith-fully recorded by the coccolithophorids - widely distributed marine phytoplankton. The record lies in the relative abundance of long-chain alkenones - complex orga-nic molecules of the lipid bilayer which control the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/320107a0
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of microbe activity (1988)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 333 (1988), S. 17-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] ORGANIC matter exists in many forms in the oceans - as detritus and microbes, which can be suspended or sinking, and also as dissolved organic matter. The way these pools interact is influenced by, and influences, the distribution of nutrients and oxygen dissolved in the water column. One point of ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/333017a0
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
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    3He in the Bransfield Strait waters: indication for local injection from back-arc rifting (1988)
    Pergamon Press
    In:  Deep Sea Research Part A: Oceanographic Research Papers, 35 (12). pp. 1919-1935.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-08-04
    Description: Helium data from the waters of the Bransfield Strait, the southern Drake Passage and the northwestern shelf of the Weddell Sea are presented. The 3He profiles from the eastern and central basins of the Bransfield Strait show maxima (δ3He ≈ 7%) below the sill depths that separate the strait from the surrounding open ocean. The 3He excess is interpreted as a local injection of a 3He-rich helium component into the deep waters of the Bransfield Strait from backarc rifting. Tritiogenic 3He and excess 3He from mixing with Circumpolar Deep Water are excluded as possible sources. The estimated 3He/4He ratio of the injected helium component (2.4–5.0 × 10−6) is less than that of pure mantle helium and may contain radiogenic helium from continental crustal material which underlies the Bransfield Strait.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/0198-0149(88)90117-3
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 4
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    Mg-NH4 exchange on humic acid: A radiotracer technique for conditional exchange constants in a seawater medium (1988)
    Elsevier
    In:  Chemical Geology, 70 (4). pp. 349-357.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-19
    Description: A radiotracer technique, employing 27Mg, is used to determine the Mg released by ammonium exchange on undis-solved humic acid in a seawater medium. This new method allows for the measurement of exchangeable Mg on the solid phase surface, which eliminates the problem caused by the high-Mg background in the seawater matrix. The precision calculated from the counting statistics is better than ±2%; the reproducibility among repeated counts ranged from ±1% to ±3%. The higher sensitivity of the method allows for monitoring the MgNH4 exchange at concentrations as low as 30 mM NH4. This is a major improvement relative to the data obtained with the analytical methods used so far, which allow detection of exchangeable Mg only at NH4 concentrations higher than 1 M. The lower experimental concentrations are more in accordance with the natural ammonium levels found in anoxic marine sediments. For the undissolved humic acid used in this experiment, the amount of exchangeable Mg in apparent equilibrium with an ammonium-free seawater matrix was found to be 96.6 ± 0.4 meq/100g. The Mg-NH4 exchange on humic acid in seawater comes to a steady-state value in 〈 18 min. The conditional equilibrium constant obtained for this reaction, Kcond = 0.039 ± 0.001 M−1. The technique can be expanded to other geochemical solid phases in seawater and it can be modified to study the behavior of the major cations by using 24Na, 42K and 49Ca.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/0009-2541(88)90124-6
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 5
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    Convergent Tectonics and Coastal Upwelling: A History of the Peru Continental Margin (1987)
    International Union of Geological Sciences
    In:  Episodes: Journal of International Geoscience, 10 (2). pp. 87-93.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-10-07
    Description: The geological evolution of the western margin of South America has long been a challenge to geologists interested in convergent plate tectonics. Late in 1986, scientists on the ODP drillship JOIDES Resolution confirmed that the upper slope of the Peruvian margin consists of continental crust whereas the lower slope comprises an accretionary complex. An intricate history of horizontal and vertical movements can be detected, and the locations of ancient centers of upwelling appear to have varied, partly due to tectonic movements of the margin. In this review of Leg 112, the three scientific leaders on this cruise discuss their results.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 6
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    Biological communities at vent sites along the subduction zone off Oregon (1985)
    Biological Society of Washington
    In:  Bulletin of the Biological Society of Washington, 6 . pp. 475-484.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-07-16
    Description: An abundant deep-sea benthic community, dominated by the vestimentiferan tube worm, Lamellibrachia barhami, a giant white clam, Calyptogena sp., and a second clam, Solemya sp., was discovered along the northeast Pacific continental margin during dives of DSRV Alvin off Oregon. The localities are tectonically controlled and occur along submarine ridges that result from sediment deformation and accretion at the leading edge of plate subduction. Ancient sea-water buried with the sediment, dissolved methane and ammonia, and methane-derived carbonate are discharged to the ocean floor along this tectonically active margin. We hypothesize that the unusual benthic community is sustained by a chemosynthetic-energy metabolism based on the oxidation of methane by free living and symbiotic microbial populations. These organisms represent another significant adaptation of deep-sea biota to a site where the abundanc of food (in this case not directly related to particulate input from the sea surface but to tectonically generated methane), allows higher than normal levels of productivity and metabolism, despite the high pressures and low temperature of the deep-sea habitat. It is tempting to relate the global distribution of such faunas to chemosynthetic food sources generated by tectonic forces.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 7
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    Effects of microbe activity (1988)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 333 (6168). pp. 17-18.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-05-06
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1038/333017a0
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 8
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    Thermal interaction between back-arc volcanism and basin sediments in the Bransfield Strait, Antarctica (1987)
    National Science Foundation, Division of Polar Programs
    In:  Antarctic Journal of the United States, 22 (5). pp. 47-49.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-01
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 9
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    Magnesium in the marine sedimentary environment: Mg-NH4 ion exchange (1988)
    Elsevier
    In:  Chemical Geology, 70 (4). pp. 359-371.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-19
    Description: The release of exchangeable Mg in marine sediments from displacement by ammonium ions was estimated by way of experimentally determining the parameters that govern this ion-exchange equilibrium on solid geochemical phases: smectite, humic acid, illite and opal. We showed that: (a) both the conditional selectivity constant as well as the solid concentration are important parameters in determining the relative contribution of ammonium-exchangeable Mg from smectite, organic matter, illite and opal; and (b) that, except in the cases where opal or organic matter concentrations are very high, the clays are the dominant carrier phases for labile Mg which is exchangeable by ammonium. A model, based on the sum of the contributions from the major geochemical phases present in the sediment reliably predicts the amount of Mg released by exchange with ammonium in marine sediments.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/0009-2541(88)90125-8
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 10
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    Methane-derived CO2 in pore fluids expelled from the Oregon subduction zone (1989)
    Elsevier
    In:  Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 71 (1-2). pp. 119-136.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-08-07
    Description: Pore fluids extracted from near-surface sediments of the deformation front along the Oregon subduction zone have, in general, the dissolved nutrient pattern characteristic of bacterial sulfate reduction. However, in certain locations there are peculiar ammonium distributions and anomalously 13C-depleted dissolved ΣCO2. These carbon isotope and nutrient patterns are attributed to the concurrent microbially-mediated oxidation of sedimentary organic matter (POC) and methane (CH4) originating from depth. In contrast to the oxidation of sedimentary organic matter in the sulfate zone, utilization of methane as the carbon source by sulfate-reducing bacteria would generate only half as much total carbon dioxide for each mole of sulfate consumed and would not generate any dissolved ammonium. The isotopically light ΣCO2 released from methane oxidation depletes the total metabolic carbon dioxide pool. Therefore, NH4+, ΣCO2 and δ13C of interstitial carbon dioxide in these pore fluids distintcly reflect the combined contributions of each of the two carbon substrates undergoing mineralization; i.e. methane and sedimentary organic matter. By appropriately partitioning the nutrient and substrate relationships, we calculate that in the area of the marginal ridge of the Oregon subduction zone as much as 30% of the ΣCO2 in pore fluids may result from methane oxidation. The calculation also predicts that the carbon isotope signature of the carbon dioxide derived from methane is between −35‰ and −63‰ PDB. Such an isotopically light gas generated from within the accretionary complex could be the residue of a biogenic methane pool. Fluid advection is required to carry such methane from depth to the present near-surface sediments. This mechanism is consistent with large-scale, tectonically-induced fluid transport envisioned for accreted sediments of the world's convergent plate boundaries.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/0031-0182(89)90033-3
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
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