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  • 1985-1989  (7)
  • 1960-1964  (5)
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  • 1
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: IX, 629 S. , überw. Ill., graph. Darst.
    ISBN: 0935868135
    DDC: 593.1012
    Language: English
    Note: Literaturangaben
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 7 (1960), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Three strains of Hypotrichomonas acosta were isolated in axenic culture. Attempts to develop a defined medium directly from a defined medium suitable for Tetrahymena pyriformis were unsuccessful. Development of partly defined media by substitution for undefined materials in Diamond's medium were more successful. Horse serum was replaced by 1 mg. % TEM-4T (a diacetyl tartaric acid ester of monoglycerides from tallow) and 0.5 mg.% cholesterol. Yeast extract was replaced by a mixture of ribonucleotides. Inclusion of several additional components permitted reducing the Trypticase concentration from 2% to 0.25%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 9 (1962), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. Several trichomonads from poikilotherms (Hypotrichomonas acosta, Monocercomonas colubrorum and M. sp., Trichomonas batrachorum, and Tritrichomonas augusta) grew in a nearly-defined medium to a level of 10–40% that permitted with media containing casein digests; T. augusta (4 strains) grew best. The defined medium contained TEM-4T (a semisynthetic fat based on beef-tallow fatty acids) and ascorbyl “palmitate” as sources of fatty acids. Besides ascorbyl palmitate, thiomalic and ascorbic acids, and tocopherol served as reducers and antiöxidants. High concentrations of nucleotides (adenylic, cytidylic, guanylic, and uridylic acids) seemed necessary. Indigo carmine was a useful redox indicator; the flagellates never grew in the oxidized zone. Extra trace elements and amino acids or rich natural media permitted better growth at about 34.5°C—the upper temperature limit for these trichomonads, raising the issue of a biochemical basis of a thermal barrier to the invasion of warmblooded hosts. Except for the limited carbohydrate in the nucleotides, carbohydrate could be omitted, the main substrates being a combination of glycerol, acetate, and gylcero-phosphate, posing the question of the identity of the anaerobic, presumably non-glycolytic, energy-yielding pathway.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 32 (1985), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: .Protozoa may be thought of as preadapted to serve as hosts for cellular endosymbionts by virtue of their widespread ability to take up particles by endocytosis. The absence of the cell wall so characteristic of plants and fungi and the commonly large size of most protozoa are additional factors favoring protozoan cells for endosymbioses. The conversion of symbiont into a cellular organelle (e.g. a mitochondrion or chloroplast) is more complicated, especially since the latter do not code for all of their own proteins. Thus, such conversions are held to be rare. Among protozoa, numerous foraminifera appear to have characteristics making them very favorable as hosts for certain algae. Such adaptations, both physiological and morphological in nature, are discussed. Also discussed in this paper are the ways by which (present-day) chloroplasts and mitochondria may have been derived from early endosymbionts: a single ancestral cyanobacterium, in the first case, and a single ancestral purple-nonsulfur bacterium, in the second. Mechanisms for insertion of proteins into and across the organellar membranes had to be evolved for all genes transferred from the symbionts into the host nucleus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 32 (1985), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Long neglected has been the extensive and more or less intimate association of protozoa with a wide variety of other cells, either prokaryotic or eukaryotic in nature. Yet study of such relationships can provide important information concerning certain basic aspects of cellular evolution in general. A survey is offered here of the whole range of such symbiotic associations (i.e. with species of protozoa serving as hosts) with the purposes of drawing attention to the exciting possibilities of such research and of reviewing significant findings made to date. Because of the vastness of the overall field, examples and discussion are primarily limited to consideration of the following major studies: methanogenic bacteria in certain ciliates, bacterial endosymbionts of the large freshwater amoeba Pelomyxa palustris (itself an amazing organism from an evolutionary/phylogenetic point of view), the rod-shaped bacteria found in Amoeba proteus, the “Greek-letter” prokaryotes of Paramecium species, the xenosomes (sensu stricto) of the marine scuticociliate Parauronema acutum, and the diverse algal endosymbionts of similarly diverse protozoan taxa–ciliates, flagellates, radiolarians, acantharians, and foraminifera.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 32 (1985), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: .Attention, perhaps overdue, is drawn to the extent and significance of endosymbionts (xenosomes sensu lato) in the cytoplasm and nuclei of many protozoa from diverse taxonomic groups. Even more importantly, recent advances in the study of such intimate associations are reviewed and discussed and their impact on broader problems of cell biology and evolution are stressed. Workers inside and especially outside the fields of protozoology and parasitology have often neglected such data, failing to appreciate their relevance to significant problems in their own fields of investigation. The major topics covered by speakers in the Symposium (to which this paper serves only as an introduction) include the following, in order of their presentation: terminology for the symbiont-host relationship and a brief overview of the field; the evolutionary problem of the origin of contemporary associations, including cell organelles such as mitochondria and plastids; the adaptive value of endosymbionts to their protozoan hosts; mechanisms of establishment, maintenance, and integration of such foreign bodies/invaders in their unicellular eukaryotic host cells; and the extent of algal and bacterial endosymbioses in diverse protozoan groups. In all papers, the principal relatively well studied complexes used as examples are the following: various kinds of algae in the larger foraminifera and in ciliates, radiolarians, and acantharians; the several types of bacteria in the cytoplasm of Amoeba and of Pelomyxa; the endonuclear bacterial symbionts of Paramecium; the cytoplasmic prokaryotes in Paramecium and in Parauronema; and the methanogenic bacteria of certain ciliates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 32 (1985), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: .It is generally accepted that in symbiotic systems involving algal species as cellular endobionts there is some positive benefit to the host organisms. In this paper special consideration is given to the larger foraminifera, protozoa that serve as very useful model systems for the study of aspects of inter/intracellular integration and adaptation—living, as they do, in nutrient-limited but well illuminated shallow tropical seas and containing endosymbiotic algae in abundance. A considerable amount of information is now available on physiological as well as morphological adaptations of the host species to pigmented protists representing diverse algal divisions (phyla). Brief mention is also made of bacterial endosymbionts of certain ciliates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 10 (1963), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. A polymorphic allogromiid (our strain NF) was isolated in monoxenic culture but attempts at its axenic culture failed. Growth of monoxenic cultures was stimulated by various metals and vitamins. The morphology and life cycle of this allogromiid with a prominent collar have been studied in detail. It varied in form from ovoid to elongate bioral “Shepheardella-like” forms and to irregular polyoral organisms. The organisms ranged in length from 56–385 μ (118 μ± 50.54) and in width from 35–385 μ (99 μ± 39.34). The number of nuclei per organism averaged 8.9 ± 6.3 (range 1–40). Reproduction of “Shepheardella-like” forms was by binary fission. Three types of budding have been observed and, rarely, schizogony. No evidence for sexual reproduction has thus far been seen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 7 (1960), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Hypotrichomonas gen nov., with a feeble undulating membrane but lacking a costa, is placed in the family Monocercomonadidae Kirby of the order Trichomonadida Kirby. H. acosta (Moskowitz) from squamate reptiles is designated as the type species. It has 3 unequal anterior flagella. The proximal part of its recurrent flagellum is attached to the surface of the body along an accessory filament. A low membrane with typically a few undulations extends between the accessory filament and the body surface. The membrane, which varies greatly in length in relation to the length of the body among strains of the species, is not supported by a costa. The recurrent flagellum continues as a free posterior flagellum beyond the end of the undulating membrane and terminates in an acroneme. The capitulum of the axostyle, spatulate or scoop-shaped, is closely applied to the anteriorly located nucleus. The capitulum extends anteriorly into a crescent-shaped pelta. The relatively stout trunk of the axostyle is straight or twisted. It projects for some distance from the posterior body surface, and the terminal segment of the projecting part tapers gradually to a point. The parabasal apparatus consists of a rod- or shaped body and of a filament or filaments.In division, the full complement of flagella in each of the mastigonts is restored relatively late during division but before cytokinesis. One of the daughter individuals retains the parental undulating membrane; the other develops a new organelle. The development of the new membrane is first marked by the appearance of an acroneme, presumably recurrent flagellum, early in division. The proximal part of this flagellum becomes progressively attached to the body surface. The process of attachment is paralleled by differentiation of the accessory filament and is followed by the appearance of the undulating membrane. The parental axostyle is resorbed during division, and each daughter individual develops this organelle de wove. In the very early stages of division the parabasal consisted of two arms and in all more advanced stages of a single rod-shaped body applied to a single filament.The significance of Hypotrichonionas in the evolution of trichomonads is discussed. Its morphology and morphogenesis suggest that this genus may represent an important step in the evolution of Trichomonadidae from Monocercomonadidae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 10 (1963), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. Two new dinoflagellates, isolated from Long Island Sound and maintained axenically, are described. Gyrodinium instriatum n. sp. changes shape and size as cultures age. Glenodinium halli n. sp. is a delicately-armored form whose plate structure differs slightly from the present diagnosis of the genus, but not sufficiently like any other genus in morphology or life history for inclusion elsewhere. In G. halli the size of the motile form and predominance of motile or vegetative stages are nutrient dependent. Both dinoflagellates illustrate the need for morphological descriptions based upon continuous culture methods in defined media.
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