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  • 1
    Book
    Book
    Kiel : Inst. für Meereskunde, Abt. Theoretische Ozeanographie
    Keywords: Report ; Dissertation ; Hochschulschrift ; Forschungsbericht
    Description / Table of Contents: Im Rahmen des World Ocean Circulation Experiment, WOCE, wurde ein Modell der Agulhasregion entwickelt. Ziele dieser Arbeit waren die Identifizierung der Quellregion des Agulhasstromes und die Bestimmung des Volumentransportes, die Untersuchung der Ablösungsprozesse und der Drift von Agulhasringen, sowie Schätzungen des interozeanischen Transportes von Masse, Wärme und Salz. (MOD)
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: 118 S. , Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
    Series Statement: Berichte aus dem Institut für Meereskunde an der Christian-Albrechts-Universität 301
    Language: German
    Note: Literaturverz. S. 105 - 118 , Kiel, Univ., Diss., 1998
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  • 2
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    AMS (American Meteorological Society)
    In:  Journal of Physical Oceanography, 29 . pp. 2303-2317.
    Publication Date: 2020-08-04
    Description: A primitive equation model to study the dynamics of the Agulhas system has been developed. The model domain covers the South Atlantic and the south Indian Ocean with a resolution of ⅓° in the Agulhas region while coarser outside. It is driven by a climatology of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts. It is shown that the model simulates the Agulhas Current, its retroflection, and the ring shedding successfully. The model results show baroclinic anticyclonic eddies in the Mozambique Channel and east of Madagascar, which travel toward the northern Agulhas Current. After the eddies reach the current they are advected southward with the mean flow. Due to the limited numerical resolution only a few eddies reach the retroflection region without much modification. These eddies are responsible for drastic enhancement of the heat transfer from the Indian Ocean to the South Atlantic and lead to periodicities in the interoceanic heat transport of about 50 days superimposed on the seasonal variability. Combined satellite data from TOPEX/Poseidon and ERS-1 show that the observed vortices in the Mozambique Channel are comparable to those seen in the model. In contrast to this the simulated eddies east of Madagascar seem not to be well reproduced. Analyses of the energy conversion terms between the mean flow and the eddies suggest that barotropic instability plays an important role in the generation of Mozambique Channel eddies. For the generation of Agulhas rings and other eddy structures in the model the barotropic instability mechanism seems to be minor, and baroclinic instability mechanisms are more likely.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 3
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    In:  (PhD/ Doctoral thesis), Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, Kiel, Germany, 105 pp . Berichte aus dem Institut für Meereskunde an der Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, 301 . DOI 10.3289/ifm_ber_301 〈http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/ifm_ber_301〉.
    Publication Date: 2018-09-12
    Type: Thesis , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 4
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    Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL)
    In:  In: MOM 2 Version 2.0 (Beta) - Documentation User’s Guide and Reference Manual - Release date: Nov 7,1996. , ed. by Pacanowski, R. C. GDFL Ocean Technical Report, 3.2 . Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL), Princeton, USA, pp. 141-150.
    Publication Date: 2020-04-24
    Type: Book chapter , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 5
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    Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL)
    In:  In: MOM 3.0 Manual. , ed. by Pacanowski, R. C. and Griffies, S. M. GFDL Ocean Group Technical Report, 4 . Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL), Princeton, USA, pp. 245-252.
    Publication Date: 2020-03-24
    Type: Book chapter , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 6
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    AGU (American Geophysical Union)
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters, 26 . pp. 3321-3324.
    Publication Date: 2018-02-13
    Description: The temporal variability of the greater Agulhas Current system has important climatological consequences. Some recent results have suggested that this variability contains a large seasonal component, due to changes in the circulation at latitudes poleward of Madagascar only. A model simulation shows that the contribution of Tropical Surface Water to Agulhas Current waters, via the Mozambique Channel, also has a distinct seasonal characteristic that is brought about by the seasonal wind stress over the tropical Indian Ocean. This simulated flow through the Channel contributes substantially to the seasonality of the Agulhas Current. This model result is shown to be not inconsistent with available hydrographic observations.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 7
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    AGU (American Geophysical Union)
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 104 (C9). pp. 20885-20910.
    Publication Date: 2017-11-24
    Description: Interocean exchange of heat and salt around South Africa is thought to be a key link in the maintenance of the global overturning circulation of the ocean. It takes place at the Agulhas Retroflection, largely by the intermittent shedding of enormous rings that penetrate into the South Atlantic Ocean. This makes it extremely hard to estimate the inter ocean fluxes. Estimates of direct Agulhas leakage from hydrographic and tracer data range between 2 and 10 Sv (1 Sv = 106 m3 s−1). The average ring shedding frequency, determined from satellite information, is approximately six rings per year. Their associated interocean volume transport is between 0.5 and 1.5 Sv per ring. A number of Agulhas rings have been observed to cross the South Atlantic. They decay exponentially to less than half their initial size (measured by their available potential energy) within 1000 km from the shedding region. Consequently, most of their properties mix into the surroundings of the Benguela region, probably feeding directly into the upper (warm) limb of the global thermohaline circulation. The most recent observations suggest that in the present situation Agulhas water and Antarctic Intermediate Water are about equally important sources for the Benguela Current. Variations in the strength of these may lead to anomalous stratification and stability of the Atlantic at decadal and longer timescales. Modeling studies suggest that the Indian-Atlantic interocean exchange is strongly related to the structure of the wind field over the South Indian Ocean. This leads in the mean to a subtropical supergyre wrapping around the subtropical gyres of the South Indian and Atlantic Oceans. However, local dynamical processes in the highly nonlinear regime around South Africa play a crucial role in inhibiting the connection between the two oceans. The regional bottom topography also seems to play an important role in locking the Agulhas Currents' retroflection. State-of-the-art global and regional “eddy-permitting” models show a reasonably realistic representation of the mean Agulhas system; but the mesoscale variability and the local geometrical and topographic features that determine largely the interocean fluxes still need considerable improvement. In this article we present a review of the above mentioned aspects of the interocean exchange around South Africa: the estimation of the fluxes into the South Atlantic from different types of observations, our present level of understanding of the exchanges dynamics and forcing, its representation in state-of-the-art models, and, finally, the impact of the Indian-Atlantic fluxes on regional and global scale both within the Atlantic Ocean and in interaction with the overlying atmosphere.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 8
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    AMS (American Meteorological Society)
    In:  Journal of Physical Oceanography, 25 (10). pp. 2444-2457.
    Publication Date: 2018-04-05
    Description: Surface heat and freshwater fluxes from the Comprehensive 0cean-Atmosphere Data Set are revised and used diagnostically to compute air-sea transformation rates on density, temperature, and salinity classes over the domain of the data. Maximum rates occur over the warmest water and over mode waters, which are the dominant result of air-sea interaction. Transformation in different is accordingly distinguished by temperature and salinity, just as water masses in different oceans are so distinguished. Over the entire domain, to about 30°S, approximately 80×106 m3 s−1 of warm cool water are transformed by air-sea fluxes, on annual average. Calculations for several seas in the North Atlantic, where deep water is thought to originate, we also presented.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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