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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lateral displacement of a Gaussian beam reflected from a grounded slab with negative permittivity and permeability (2002)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 80 (2002), S. 2084-2086 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A unique negative lateral shift is demonstrated in this letter for a Gaussian beam reflected from a grounded slab with both negative permittivity and permeability, which is distinctly different from a shift caused by a regular grounded slab. The incident beam is modeled as a tapered wave with a Gaussian spectrum. The waves inside and outside the slab are solved analytically from Maxwell's equations by matching the boundary conditions at the interfaces. It is shown that the field values in all regions can be unambiguously determined. Numerical simulations are presented and the field values as well as the power densities are computed for all regions, and a dramatic negative lateral shift is observed when both ε and μ are negative. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1462865
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Proteasomal degradation of caspase-6 in 17β-estradiol-treated neurons (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 89 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In primary cultures of human neurons, 17β-estradiol (17β-E2) prevents caspase-6-mediated cell death and induces a caspase inhibitory factor (CIF) inhibiting active caspase-6 (Csp-6) in vitro. Here, we show that treatment of neurons with 17β-E2 results in a proteasomal-dependent but ubiquitin-independent degradation of endogenous and exogenous active Csp-6 in live neurons and in cell free assays, respectively. We further show that the proteasomal-dependent degradation of Csp-6 is not required for its inhibition. Using several protease inhibitors, we find that leupeptin, E-64, and ALLN prevent inhibition of recombinant active Csp-6 (R-Csp-6) in 17β-E2-treated neuronal protein extracts. Because all three protease inhibitors have the ability to inhibit cysteine proteases, we believe that a cysteinyl protease activity may be required for 17β-E2-mediated inhibition of active Csp-6. However, we exclude caspases, calpains, and cathepsins as potential cysteinyl proteases involved in the 17β-E2-mediated Csp-6 inhibition. The results suggest that a proteolytic activity inhibited by leupeptin, E-64, and ALLN is needed to inhibit Csp-6 and that the inhibited Csp-6 is subsequently degraded by the proteasome. The mechanism of 17β-E2-mediated inhibition of Csp-6 is different from the ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation of Csp-3 and Csp-7 by XIAP and cIAP2 but consistent with the mechanism of Baculovirus p35 inhibition of caspases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02349.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Wet Erosive Wear of Alumina Densified with Magnesium Silicate Additions (2001)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 84 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A study was made of the wet erosive wear of polycrystalline alumina of mean grain size 〉1 μm, containing up to 10 wt% of magnesium silicate sintering aid. For pure polycrystalline alumina, the dominant wear mechanism was grain-boundary microfracture, leading to partial or complete grain removal. In the case of the liquid-phase-sintered materials, wear rates could be as low as 25% of those of pure alumina of the same mean grain size, and the main material removal mechanism was transgranular fracture combined with tribochemical wear. The use of Cr3+ photoluminescence line broadening showed much higher levels of local stress in the magnesium silicate-sintered materials (∼450 MPa) than in the pure-alumina materials (∼200 MPa). Grain-boundary compressive hoop stresses, caused by the thermal expansion mismatch between a continuous magnesium silicate film and the alumina grains, provided an explanation for the improved wear resistance of the alumina sintered with magnesium silicate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2001.tb00913.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of Efficacy of Reverse Remodeling and Clinical Improvement for Relatively Narrow and Wide QRS Complexes After Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy for Heart Failure (2004)
    350 Main Street , Malden , MA 02148-5018 , USA , and 9600 Garsington Road , Oxford OX4 2DQ , UK . : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology 15 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-8167
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Introduction: Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has been shown to reverse left ventricular (LV) remodeling and improve symptoms in heart failure patients with wide QRS complexes; however, its role in patients with mildly prolonged QRS complexes is unclear. This study investigated if CRT benefited patients with mildly prolonged QRS complexes 〉120 to 150 ms and explored if the severity of systolic asynchrony determined such a response. Methods and Results: Fifty-eight patients (age 66 ± 11 years, 66% male) who had undergone CRT were studied prospectively. Of these patients, 27 had QRS duration between 120 and 150 ms (group A), and 31 had QRS duration 〉150 ms (group B). Tissue Doppler echocardiography and clinical assessment were performed at baseline and 3 months after CRT. Both groups had significant reduction of LV volume and increased ejection fraction, +dP/dt, and sphericity index (all P 〈 0.05). These improvements were greater in group B and were explained by the higher prevalence of systolic intraventricular asynchrony. Significant reverse remodeling (reduction of LV end-systolic volume 〉15%) was evident in 46% of group A patients and 68% of group B patients. Improvement in clinical endpoints was observed in both groups (all P 〈 0.01), although the changes in metabolic equivalent and New York Heart Association functional class were greater in group B. In both groups, systolic asynchrony index (TS-SD) was the most important predictor of reverse remodeling (r =−0.78, P 〈 0.001) and was the only independent predictor in the multivariate model (β=−1.80, confidence interval =−2.18 to −1.42, P 〈 0.001); QRS duration was not. A predefined TS-SD value 〉32.6 ms had a sensitivity of 94% and specificity of 83% to predict reverse remodeling. Improvement of intraventricular asynchrony after CRT was evident only in responders (P = 0.01). Conclusion: Improvement of LV remodeling and clinical status is evident after CRT in heart failure patients with QRS duration 〉120 to 150 ms. These responders are closely predicted by the severity of prepacing intraventricular asynchrony but not QRS duration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1540-8167.2004.03648.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, p21cip1 and p27kip1, during wound healing in rats (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Inc
    Wound repair and regeneration 9 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1524-475X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Wound healing is a physiological process in which growth of cells is stringently regulated. Cell growth is controlled by cell cycle-related proteins in which the cyclin kinase inhibitors cause cell cycle arrest and inhibit proliferation. However, little is known about the expression and the role of cyclin kinase inhibitors during wound healing in vivo. This study was mainly designed to examine the expression of p21cip1 and p27kip1 in excisional wounds of full-thickness skin in rats. Concomitant expression of proliferation marker Ki67 was also examined. Proliferation predominantly occurred in the first week after injury, peaking at postwounding day 5. Expression of both p21cip1 and p27kip1 at the gene and protein levels did occur during wound healing and showed an inverse gradient to that of Ki67. Constitutive p27kip1 was expressed throughout wound healing with low levels during the proliferating period of days 3 and 5 and increased levels during post-mitotic and remodeling stages. In contrast, p21cip1 was expressed transiently with detectable levels only between days 7 and 14 by Western blot analysis. Immunohistochemically, epithelial cells, endothelial cells and fibroblasts all could express both p21cip1 and p27kip1. In conclusion, the overall results suggested that p21cip1 and p27kip1 may play a key role in supervising the growth resulting from cell proliferation in tissue repair.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1524-475x.2001.00205.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Overexpression of ccl1−2 can bypass the need for the putative apocytochrome chaperone CycH during the biogenesis of c-type cytochromes (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 46 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: In Gram-negative bacteria, including Rhodobacter capsulatus, the membrane protein CycH acts as a putative apocytochrome chaperone during the biogenesis of c-type cytochromes. CycH-null mutants are unable to produce various c-type cytochromes and sustain photosynthetic (Ps) growth that requires the cytochromes c1 and c2 or cy. However, Ps+ revertants are readily obtained only on minimal, but not on enriched, medium. To obtain further information about the biogenesis of c-type cytochromes, these suppressor mutants were studied. Complementation of a CycH-null mutant for Ps+ growth by a genomic library constructed using DNA from a Ps+ suppressor yielded a plasmid carrying the ccl1–2 operon, the products of which, Ccl1 and Ccl2, are also involved in the biogenesis of c-type cytochromes. DNA sequence analysis revealed that the complementing activity resulted from a single point mutation, G488A, located upstream of the coding region of ccl1–2. This mutation changed the −35 region of the ccl1–2 promoter from TTGGCC to TTGACC, improving its similarity to the consensus sequence of Escherichia coliσ70-dependent promoters. That the G488A mutation indeed enhanced transcription of ccl1–2 was demonstrated by the use of reporter gene fusions. An appropriate ccl1-2::lacZ transcriptional–translational fusion carrying the G488A mutation produced in R. capsulatus over 30-fold higher β-galactosidase activity than a wild-type construct. Immunoblot analyses confirmed that Ccl1 and Ccl2 were overproduced in the Ps+ suppressors. Deletion of either ccl1 or ccl2, from the ccl1–2 cluster carrying the G488A mutation abolished the complementing ability, indicating that overexpression of both ccl1 and ccl2 was required to confer the Ps+ phenotype on a CycH-null mutant. These findings therefore demonstrate that, during R. capsulatus growth on minimal medium, the requirement for CycH in c-type cytochrome biogenesis could be bypassed by overexpressing the ccl1–2 operon.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.03212.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    4-[α-Benzoyl-α-(2-phenylethynyl)methylene]isoquinoline-1,3-dione (2001)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 57 (2001), S. o1055-o1057 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5368
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: In the title compound, C25H15NO3, the isoquinoline moiety is distorted from planarity. In the solid state, the molecules exist as centrosymmetrically N—H...O hydrogen-bonded dimers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S1600536801016956
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    4-[2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)ethenyl]-N-methylpyridinium tetraphenylborate (2000)
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 56 (2000), S. 1122-1123 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: In the cation of the title compound, C15H16NO+·C24H20B−, the pyridyl ring makes a dihedral angle of 14.03° with the phenyl ring. The anion has a slightly distorted tetrahedral geometry and forms honeycomb-like sheets which extend along the b axis, forming channels containing the cations. A comparison of packing energies reveals a difference between the title compound and a similar material which has non-linear optical properties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108270100007538
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    N,N′-Diethyl-N,N′-diphenyl-3-oxapentanediamide (2001)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 57 (2001), S. o483-o484 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5368
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The title compound, C20H24N2O3, is a kind of non-cyclic crown ether. It crystallizes as a zigzag chain with two slightly asymmetric terminal groups.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S1600536801006274
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    1-Acetyl-7a′-phenylspiro[3H-indole-3,2′(2a′H)-oxeto[2,3-b]benzofuran]-2(1H)-one (2001)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 57 (2001), S. o852-o854 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5368
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: In the title compound, C24H17NO4, the oxetane ring deviates from planarity. The benzofuran and indole moieties are in synclinal configurations, and the attached phenyl ring forms a dihedral angle of 68.0 (2)° with respect to the oxetane ring. Intramolecular C—H...O interactions stabilize the molecular structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S1600536801013125
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