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  • English  (8)
  • 2005-2009  (8)
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  • 1
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Agulhasstrom
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (66 Seiten = 6 MB) , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
    Edition: 2021
    Language: English
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  • 2
    In: Nature geoscience, London : Nature Publishing Group, 2008, 1(2008), 12, Seite 864-869, 1752-0894
    In: volume:1
    In: year:2008
    In: number:12
    In: pages:864-869
    Description / Table of Contents: Observations show a significant intensification of the Southern Hemisphere westerlies, the prevailing winds between the latitudes of 30° and 60° S, over the past decades. A continuation of this intensification trend is projected by climate scenarios for the twenty-first century. The response of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current and the carbon sink in the Southern Ocean to changes in wind stress and surface buoyancy fluxes is under debate. Here we analyse the Argo network of profiling floats and historical oceanographic data to detect coherent hemispheric-scale warming and freshening trends that extend to depths of more than 1,000 m. The warming and freshening is partly related to changes in the properties of the water masses that make up the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, which are consistent with the anthropogenic changes in heat and freshwater fluxes suggested by climate models. However, we detect no increase in the tilt of the surfaces of equal density across the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, in contrast to coarse-resolution model studies. Our results imply that the transport in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current and meridional overturning in the Southern Ocean are insensitive to decadal changes in wind stress.
    Type of Medium: Article
    Pages: graph. Darst
    ISSN: 1752-0894
    Language: English
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  • 3
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Atlantischer Ozean Nord ; Süßwasser ; Zirkulationsströmung
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    DDC: 551.4664132
    Language: English
    Note: Kiel, Univ., Diss., 2008
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  • 4
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (63 Seiten = 10 MB) , Graphen, Karten
    Edition: 2021
    Language: English
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  • 5
    Keywords: Forschungsbericht
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: Online-Ressource (5 S., 560 KB) , Ill., graph. Darst.
    Language: English , German
    Note: Förderkennzeichen BMBF 01LD0102. - Literaturverz , Unterschiede zwischen dem gedruckten Dokument und der elektronischen Ressource können nicht ausgeschlossen werden , Auch als gedr. Ausg. vorh , Systemvoraussetzungen: Acrobat reader. , Bericht in engl. Sprache, mit dt. Zsfassung
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  • 6
    In: Journal of climate, Boston, Mass. [u.a.] : AMS, 1988, 21(2008), 24, Seite 6599-6615, 1520-0442
    In: volume:21
    In: year:2008
    In: number:24
    In: pages:6599-6615
    Description / Table of Contents: The causes and characteristics of interannualdecadal variability of the meridional overturning circulation (MOC) in the North Atlantic are investigated with a suite of basin-scale ocean models [the Family of Linked Atlantic Model Experiments (FLAME)] and global oceanice models (ORCA), varying in resolution from medium to eddy resolving (1/2ʿ1/12ʿ), using various forcing configurations built on bulk formulations invoking atmospheric reanalysis products. Comparison of the model hindcasts indicates similar MOC variability characteristics on time scales up to a decade; both model architectures also simulate an upward trend in MOC strength between the early 1970s and mid-1990s. The causes of the MOC changes are examined by perturbation experiments aimed selectively at the response to individual forcing components. The solutions emphasize an inherently linear character of the midlatitude MOC variability by demonstrating that the anomalies of a (noneddy resolving) hindcast simulation can be understood as a superposition of decadal and longer-term signals originating from thermohaline forcing variability, and a higher-frequency wind-driven variability. The thermohaline MOC signal is linked to the variability in subarctic deep-water formation, and rapidly progressing to the tropical Atlantic. However, throughout the subtropical and midlatitude North Atlantic, this signal is effectively masked by stronger MOC variability related to wind forcing and, especially north of 30ʿ-35ʿN, by internally induced (eddy) fluctuations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: graph. Darst
    ISSN: 1520-0442
    Language: English
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  • 7
    In: Ocean science, Katlenburg-Lindau : Copernicus Publ., 2005, 4(2008), Seite 73-88, 1812-0792
    In: volume:4
    In: year:2008
    In: pages:73-88
    Description / Table of Contents: A set of experiments utilizing different implementations of the global ORCA-LIM model with horizontal resolutions of 2°, 0.5° and 0.25° is used to investigate tropical and extra-tropical influences on equatorial Pacific SST variability at interannual to decadal time scales. The model experiments use a bulk forcing methodology building on the global forcing data set for 1958 to 2000 developed by Large and Yeager (2004) that is based on a blend of atmospheric reanalysis data and satellite products. Whereas representation of the mean structure and transports of the (sub-)tropical Pacific current fields is much improved with the enhanced horizontal resolution, there is only little difference in the simulation of the interannual variability in the equatorial regime between the 0.5° and 0.25° model versions, with both solutions capturing the observed SST variability in the Nino3-region. The question of remotely forced oceanic contributions to the equatorial variability, in particular, the role of low-frequency changes in the transports of the Subtropical Cells (STCs), is addressed by a sequence of perturbation experiments using different combinations of fluxes. The solutions show the near-surface temperature variability to be governed by wind-driven changes in the Equatorial Undercurrent. The relative contributions of equatorial and off-equatorial atmospheric forcing differ between interannual and longer, (multi-) decadal timescales: for the latter there is a significant impact of changes in the equatorward transport of subtropical thermocline water associated with the lower branches of the STCs, related to variations in the off-equatorial trade winds. A conspicuous feature of the STC variability is that the equatorward transports in the interior and along the western boundary partially compensate each other at both decadal and interannual time scales, with the strongest transport extrema occurring during El Nino episodes. The behaviour is rationalized in terms of a wobbling in the poleward extents of the tropical gyres, which is manifested also in a meridional shifting of the bifurcation latitudes of the North and South Equatorial Current systems.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1812-0792
    Language: English
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  • 8
    In: Nature, London [u.a.] : Nature Publ. Group, 1869, 462(2009), 7272, Seite 495-498, 1476-4687
    In: volume:462
    In: year:2009
    In: number:7272
    In: pages:495-498
    Description / Table of Contents: The transport of warm and salty Indian Ocean waters into the Atlantic Oceanthe Agulhas leakagehas a crucial role in the global oceanic circulation1 and thus the evolution of future climate. At present these waters provide the main source of heat and salt for the surface branch of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (MOC)2. There is evidence from past glacial-to-interglacial variations in foraminiferal assemblages3 and model studies4 that the amount of Agulhas leakage and its corresponding effect on the MOC has been subject to substantial change, potentially linked to latitudinal shifts in the Southern Hemisphere westerlies5. A progressive poleward migration of the westerlies has been observed during the past two to three decades and linked to anthropogenic forcing6, but because of the sparse observational records it has not been possible to determine whether there has been a concomitant response of Agulhas leakage. Here we present the results of a highresolution ocean general circulation model7,8 to show that the transport of Indian Ocean waters into the South Atlantic via the Agulhas leakage has increased during the past decades in response to the change in wind forcing. The increased leakage has contributed to the observed salinification9 of South Atlantic thermocline waters. Both model and historic measurements off South America suggest that the additional Indian Ocean waters have begun to invade the North Atlantic, with potential implications for the future evolution of the MOC.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: graph. Darst
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Language: English
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