Note: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- About the Editors -- The Rudiments of Energy Conservation and IoT -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Paradigmatic View of Energy-Efficient IoT -- 3 Pragmatic Energy-Efficient IoT System Architecture -- 4 Issues of Energy Conservation in IoT -- 5 Energy Conservation Approaches for IoT Devices and Its Perspectives -- 5.1 Node Activity Management -- 5.2 Data Aggregation and Transmission Process -- 5.3 Media Access Control (MAC) Protocol -- 5.4 Security Management -- 5.5 Topology Management -- 5.6 Routing -- 6 Energy-Efficient System Design for IoT Devices -- 7 Conclusions -- References -- Existing Enabling Technologies and Solutions for Energy Management in IoT -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Architectures of IoT -- 2.1 Three-Layer Architecture -- 2.2 Four Layer Architecture -- 2.3 Five-Layer Architecture -- 3 Components of IoT -- 3.1 Identification -- 3.2 Sensing -- 3.3 Communication -- 3.4 Computation -- 3.5 Services -- 3.6 Semantics -- 4 Applications -- 4.1 Home Automation -- 4.2 Health care -- 4.3 Transportation -- 4.4 Logistics -- 4.5 Smart Environment and Agriculture -- 5 Challenges in IoT -- 6 Energy Management -- 6.1 Energy Harvesting -- 6.2 Energy Conservation -- 7 Research Directions -- 8 Conclusion -- References -- Energy-Efficient System Design for Internet of Things (IoT) Devices -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Operation -- 3 Energy Conservation -- 3.1 Solar Energy Harvesting -- 3.2 Thermal Energy Harvesting -- 3.3 Vibrational Energy Harvesting -- 3.4 Electrostatic Energy Harvesting -- 3.5 Wind Energy Harvesting -- 3.6 RF Energy Harvesting -- 4 Harvesting Module -- 4.1 Rectenna Model -- 4.2 Sensing Antenna -- 4.3 DC-DC Converter -- 4.4 Power Management Unit -- 5 Wireless Energy Harvesting -- 5.1 Near Field Communication -- 5.2 Inductive Coupling -- 6 Applications -- 6.1 Home Appliances -- 6.2 Healthcare Devices. , 6.3 Automatic Vehicles -- 6.4 Business Infrastructure -- 6.5 Farming and Poultry -- 6.6 Smart Utilities -- References -- Models and Algorithms for Energy Conservation in Internet of Things -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Data Centers -- 2.1 Big Data -- 2.2 Cloud Computing -- 3 Virtualization -- 4 Load Balancing -- 4.1 Hardware Versus Software Load Balancing -- 5 Energy Consumptions in Data Centers -- 5.1 Green Computing -- 5.2 Power Calculation at Data Center -- 6 Static Energy-Efficient Algorithms -- 6.1 Exact Allocation Algorithm -- 6.2 Best Fit Heuristic Algorithm -- 7 Dynamic Energy-Efficient Algorithms -- 7.1 Hardware Level Solution -- 7.2 Software Level Solution -- 8 Summary -- References -- An Energy-Efficient IoT Group-Based Architecture for Smart Cities -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 System Description -- 3.1 The WSN for e-Health and Human Well-Being Monitoring -- 3.2 Utilities Monitoring Systems -- 3.3 Air Quality and Climate Monitoring Systems -- 3.4 Emergency Situations Monitoring -- 3.5 Other Systems -- 4 Proposed Architecture for the Smart City -- 5 Conclusion and Future Work -- References -- Context-Aware Automation Based Energy Conservation Techniques for IoT Ecosystem -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Communication Technologies -- 1.2 Pricing Policies -- 2 Introduction -- 3 Related Work -- 3.1 Demand-Side Management -- 3.2 Usage of Renewable Energy Source -- 3.3 Context-Aware Automation -- 3.4 Feedback-Based Automation -- 4 Case Studies -- 5 Proposed Framework -- 6 Future Directions and Challenges -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- Energy Conservation in IoT-Based Smart Home and Its Automation -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Electrical Network End-to-End System -- 2.1 Generation -- 2.2 Transmission and Distribution -- 2.3 Automation in Demand, Supply, and Monitoring -- 2.4 Load Shedding and Control -- 3 Causes of Energy Losses and Preventive Actions. , 3.1 Electrical Network Improvement -- 3.2 Smart Energy Monitoring Devices -- 4 Automation and Control in Electrical Network -- 4.1 Automation Devices -- 4.2 Standards for Automation Devices -- 4.3 Communication Hardware and Automation Protocols -- 5 Energy Conservation Key Area -- 5.1 Smart Buildings -- 5.2 Smart Homes -- 5.3 Smart Appliances -- 6 Energy Conservation in Smart Home and IoT -- 6.1 Automation and Sensors in Smart Home -- 6.2 Industry Trends and Present Technology -- 6.3 Energy Conservation Components of Smart Home -- 6.4 Renewable Energy Sources with IoT in Smart Home -- 7 Artificial Intelligence in Energy Conservation-Methods and Technology -- 7.1 Digital Signal Processing and IoT -- 7.2 Artificial Intelligence in Smart Home -- 8 Cloud Data Processing Using IoT Devices -- 9 Conclusions -- References -- IoT Architecture for Preventive Energy Conservation of Smart Buildings -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Prevalent Smart Components -- 1.2 IoT System Architectures -- 1.3 Smart Buildings -- 1.4 Energy Efficiency in Smart Building IoT Systems -- 2 Requirements and Approaches for Energy Efficiency in Smart Buildings -- 2.1 Requirements for Environmental Conservation -- 2.2 Requirement for Energy Modeling -- 2.3 Requirement for Energy Consumption Monitoring and Evaluation -- 3 Existing Application Architectures -- 3.1 Smart Energy Metering Architectures -- 3.2 Smart Lighting Architectures -- 3.3 Energy Management Interfaces for Buildings -- 3.4 Energy-Efficient Smart Building Automation Architectures -- 3.5 Energy-Efficient Implementations in Smart Grid -- 3.6 Energy-Efficient Comfort Management Systems in Smart Buildings -- 3.7 Energy Monitoring and Saving Methods in Smart Buildings -- 4 Open Challenges and Future Work -- 4.1 Lack of Interoperability for Currently Used Protocols -- 4.2 Need for a Cost-Effective Architecture that Conserves Energy. , 4.3 Integration of Renewable Energy Sources in Smart Buildings -- 4.4 Maintainability of Energy-Efficient Architectures -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Designing Energy-Efficient IoT-Based Intelligent Transport System: Need, Architecture, Characteristics, Challenges, and Applications -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Intelligent Transport System -- 1.2 Motivations for IoT in Transportation -- 1.3 Architecture of ITS -- 2 Key Technologies and Related Power Optimization Bottlenecks -- 2.1 Perception Technology: Precision, Reliability, and Power Constraints -- 2.2 Communication Technology and Related Power Issues -- 2.3 Information Extraction and Underlying Power Issues -- 3 Energy Efficiency Challenges and Corresponding Solutions -- 3.1 Precision, Density, and Reliability of Perception and Smart Sensing Solutions -- 3.2 Information Exchange Based Solutions -- 3.3 Computational Feasibility and Distributed Computing Solutions -- 3.4 Data Collection and Pooling with Energy-Efficient Solutions -- 4 Further Challenges and Opportunities -- 4.1 Further Involvement of Internet of Vehicle (IoV) -- 4.2 Cooperative Automated Vehicle (CAV) Scheme -- 4.3 Utilization of Multiple-Source Data in ITS -- 4.4 Software-Defined Radio (SDR)-Based Communication -- 4.5 Energy Harvesting Corridors -- 5 Conclusion and Future Work -- References -- Capacity Estimation of Electric Vehicle Aggregator for Ancillary Services to the Grid -- 1 Historical Perspective -- 2 Development of Electric Vehicles -- 3 Motivation for Vehicle to Everything (V2X) and V2G Technology -- 4 Electric Vehicles and Solar Power Plants in Smart Grid Environment -- 5 Potential of EV to Grid Connection -- 6 Capacity Estimation of Aggregator -- 7 Battery Management System -- 8 Grid Connection and Performance Testing of V2G -- 9 Commercial Value of V2G -- 10 Challenges and Opportunities -- 11 Discussion and Conclusion. , References -- Need and Design of Smart and Secure Energy-Efficient IoT-Based Healthcare Framework -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Data Generation in IoT Environment -- 3 Applications of IoT -- 4 Publication Trends of IoT -- 5 Critical Human Disorders -- 6 Energy-Efficient IoT Systems (Related Works) -- 7 Role of IoT in Designing Energy-Optimized Systems -- 7.1 Proposed Energy-Efficient IoT-Based Healthcare System for Neurological and Psychological Disorder Patients -- 8 Conclusion -- References -- Medical Information Processing Using Smartphone Under IoT Framework -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Motivation -- 1.2 Objectives -- 1.3 Organization of the Chapter -- 2 System Model -- 3 System Requirement -- 4 Importance of Cloud for Smartphone-Enabled IoT -- 5 Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) Using Smartphone -- 6 Biomedical Data Processing -- 6.1 Transmission of Medical Image Signals -- 6.2 Transmission of Biomedical Signals (ECG, EEG, and EMG) -- 6.3 Transmission of Medical Video Signals -- 6.4 Teletrauma System -- 7 Application of IoT -- 7.1 Application Oriented to Health Care -- 8 Application Standards/Protocols Use in IoT (Health Care) -- 9 Challenges -- 10 Conclusion -- References -- Contributing Toward Green IoT: An Awareness-Based Approach -- 1 Introduction -- 2 A Walkthrough of Internets of Things and Its Applications -- 2.1 Challenges of Internet of Things -- 3 Green IoT: An Overview -- 3.1 Smart Homes -- 3.2 Smart Cities -- 3.3 Energy-Efficient Smart Health Care -- 4 Various Approaches to Achieve Green IoT -- 5 Awareness-Based Approach Toward Green IoT -- 5.1 Energy Awareness Campaigns -- 5.2 IoT-Based Smart Metering -- 5.3 Promoting Recycling -- 5.4 Creating Awareness About Green Information Communication Technology -- 5.5 Promoting the Usage of Sensor Cloud: A Step Toward Green IoT. , 6 Creating Awareness Through Prototyping: A Green IoT-Based Smart Home Model.