GLORIA

GEOMAR Library Ocean Research Information Access

X

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Production losses from morbidity and mortality by disease, age and sex in Norway
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  Scandinavian Journal of Public Health
    Details
    In: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, SAGE Publications
    Abstract: The inclusion of production losses in health care priority setting is extensively debated. However, few studies allow for a comparison of these losses across relevant clinical and demographic categories. Our objective was to provide comprehensive estimates of Norwegian production losses from morbidity and mortality by age, sex and disease category. Methods: National registries, tax records, labour force surveys, household and population statistics and data from the Global Burden of Disease were combined to estimate production losses for 12 disease categories, 38 age and sex groups and four causes of production loss. The production losses were estimated via lost wages in accordance with a human capital approach for 2019. Results: The main causes of production losses in 2019 were mental and substance use disorders, totalling NOK121.6bn (32.7% of total production losses). This was followed by musculoskeletal disorders, neurological disorders, injuries, and neoplasms, which accounted for 25.2%, 7.4%, 7.4% and 6.5% of total production losses, respectively. Production losses due to sick leave, disability insurance and work assessment allowance were higher for females than for males, whereas production losses due to premature mortality were higher for males. The latter was related to neoplasms, cardiovascular disease and injuries. Across age categories, non-fatal conditions with a high prevalence among working populations caused the largest production losses. Conclusions: The inclusion of production losses in health care priority debates in Norway could result in an emphasis on chronic diseases that occur among younger populations at the expense of fatal diseases among older age groups.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1403-4948 , 1651-1905
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/14034948231188237
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2027122-0
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Third dose mRNA vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 reduces medical complaints seen in primary care: a matched cohort study
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2023
    In:  BMC Medicine Vol. 21, No. 1 ( 2023-04-26)
    Details
    In: BMC Medicine, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 21, No. 1 ( 2023-04-26)
    Abstract: SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination has been associated with both side effects and a reduction in COVID-related complaints due to the decrease in COVID-19 incidence. We aimed to investigate if individuals who received three doses of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines had a lower incidence of (a) medical complaints and (b) COVID-19-related medical complaints, both as seen in primary care, when compared to individuals who received two doses. Methods We conducted a daily longitudinal exact one-to-one matching study based on a set of covariates. We obtained a matched sample of 315,650 individuals aged 18–70 years who received the 3rd dose at 20–30 weeks after the 2nd dose and an equally large control group who did not. Outcome variables were diagnostic codes as reported by general practitioners or emergency wards, both alone and in combination with diagnostic codes of confirmed COVID-19. For each outcome, we estimated cumulative incidence functions with hospitalization and death as competing events. Results We found that the number of medical complaints was lower in individuals aged 18–44 years who received three doses compared to those who received two doses. The differences in estimates per 100,000 vaccinated were as follows: fatigue 458 less (95% confidence interval: 355–539), musculoskeletal pain 171 less (48–292), cough 118 less (65–173), heart palpitations 57 less (22–98), shortness of breath 118 less (81–149), and brain fog 31 less (8–55). We also found a lower number of COVID-19-related medical complaints: per 100,000 individuals aged 18–44 years vaccinated with three doses, there were 102 (76–125) fewer individuals with fatigue, 32 (18–45) fewer with musculoskeletal pain, 30 (14–45) fewer with cough, and 36 (22–48) fewer with shortness of breath. There were no or fewer differences in heart palpitations (8 (1–16)) or brain fog (0 (− 1–8)). We observed similar results, though more uncertain, for individuals aged 45–70 years, both for medical complaints and for medical complaints that were COVID-19 related. Conclusions Our findings suggest that a 3rd dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine administered 20–30 weeks after the 2nd dose may reduce the incidence of medical complaints. It may also reduce the COVID-19-related burden on primary healthcare services.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1741-7015
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-02870-2
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2131669-7
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Socioeconomic Gradients in Mortality Following HF Hospitalization in a Country With Universal Health Care Coverage
    Elsevier BV ; 2020
    In:  JACC: Heart Failure Vol. 8, No. 11 ( 2020-11), p. 917-927
    Details
    In: JACC: Heart Failure, Elsevier BV, Vol. 8, No. 11 ( 2020-11), p. 917-927
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2213-1779
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jchf.2020.05.015
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2705621-1
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Disease-specific health spending by age, sex, and type of care in Norway: a national health registry study
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2023
    In:  BMC Medicine Vol. 21, No. 1 ( 2023-06-06)
    Details
    In: BMC Medicine, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 21, No. 1 ( 2023-06-06)
    Abstract: Norway is a high-income nation with universal tax-financed health care and among the highest per person health spending in the world. This study estimates Norwegian health expenditures by health condition, age, and sex, and compares it with disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs). Methods Government budgets, reimbursement databases, patient registries, and prescription databases were combined to estimate spending for 144 health conditions, 38 age and sex groups, and eight types of care (GPs; physiotherapists & chiropractors; specialized outpatient; day patient; inpatient; prescription drugs; home-based care; and nursing homes) totaling 174,157,766 encounters. Diagnoses were in accordance with the Global Burden of Disease study (GBD). The spending estimates were adjusted, by redistributing excess spending associated with each comorbidity. Disease-specific DALYs were gathered from GBD 2019. Results The top five aggregate causes of Norwegian health spending in 2019 were mental and substance use disorders (20.7%), neurological disorders (15.4%), cardiovascular diseases (10.1%), diabetes, kidney, and urinary diseases (9.0%), and neoplasms (7.2%). Spending increased sharply with age. Among 144 health conditions, dementias had the highest health spending, with 10.2% of total spending, and 78% of this spending was incurred at nursing homes. The second largest was falls estimated at 4.6% of total spending. Spending in those aged 15–49 was dominated by mental and substance use disorders, with 46.0% of total spending. Accounting for longevity, spending per female was greater than spending per male, particularly for musculoskeletal disorders, dementias, and falls. Spending correlated well with DALYs (Correlation r  = 0.77, 95% CI 0.67–0.87), and the correlation of spending with non-fatal disease burden ( r  = 0.83, 0.76–0.90) was more pronounced than with mortality ( r  = 0.58, 0.43–0.72). Conclusions Health spending was high for long-term disabilities in older age groups. Research and development into more effective interventions for the disabling high-cost diseases is urgently needed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1741-7015
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-02896-6
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2131669-7
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Alcohol‐attributed disease burden in four Nordic countries between 2000 and 2017: Are the gender gaps narrowing? A comparison using the Global Burden of Disease, Injury and Risk Factor 2017 study
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Drug and Alcohol Review Vol. 40, No. 3 ( 2021-03), p. 431-442
    Details
    In: Drug and Alcohol Review, Wiley, Vol. 40, No. 3 ( 2021-03), p. 431-442
    Abstract: The gender difference in alcohol use seems to have narrowed in the Nordic countries, but it is not clear to what extent this may have affected differences in levels of harm. We compared gender differences in all‐cause and cause‐specific alcohol‐attributed disease burden, as measured by disability‐adjusted life‐years (DALY), in four Nordic countries in 2000–2017, to find out if gender gaps in DALYs had narrowed. Design and Methods Alcohol‐attributed disease burden by DALYs per 100 000 population with 95% uncertainty intervals were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease database. Results In 2017, all‐cause DALYs in males varied between 2531 in Finland and 976 in Norway, and in females between 620 in Denmark and 270 in Norway. Finland had the largest gender differences and Norway the smallest, closely followed by Sweden. During 2000–2017, absolute gender differences in all‐cause DALYs declined by 31% in Denmark, 26% in Finland, 19% in Sweden and 18% in Norway. In Finland, this was driven by a larger relative decline in males than females; in Norway, it was due to increased burden in females. In Denmark, the burden in females declined slightly more than in males, in relative terms, while in Sweden the relative decline was similar in males and females. Discussion and Conclusions The gender gaps in harm narrowed to a different extent in the Nordic countries, with the differences driven by different conditions. Findings are informative about how inequality, policy and sociocultural differences affect levels of harm by gender.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0959-5236 , 1465-3362
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/dar.v40.3
    DOI: 10.1111/dar.13217
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1476371-0
    SSG: 15,3
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Does subsidized orthodontic treatment reduce inequalities in access? Evidence from Norway based on population register data
    Wiley ; 2024
    In:  Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology Vol. 52, No. 2 ( 2024-04), p. 232-238
    Details
    In: Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, Wiley, Vol. 52, No. 2 ( 2024-04), p. 232-238
    Abstract: An important part of Norwegian welfare policy is to provide subsidized orthodontic treatment for children and adolescents. The objective of this policy is that dental services should be allocated according to children's need for treatment, and not according to parents' ability to pay. The probability of receiving orthodontic treatment independent of parent's household income was examined. Methods The study population encompassed children and adolescents aged 10–18 years in 2019 ( n = 354 439). Information about whether they had started orthodontic treatment was obtained from the Norwegian Health Economics Administration. The key independent variable was net equalized household income. Inequalities were measured using concentration indices, which were estimated according to the severity of the malocclusion (very great need, great need, obvious need and no need). Two indices were used to measure relative inequality: the unstandardized concentration index and the partial concentration index. Absolute inequality was measured using the corrected concentration index. Relevant control variables were included in some of the analyses. Results The unstandardized indices were in the range 0.04 (very great need) to 0.05 (obvious need). For all three groups of severity, the 95% confidence intervals overlapped. The values of the partial indices were significantly lower than the values of the unstandardized indices. The partial indices were in the range 0.008 (very great need) to 0.03 (obvious need). The 95% confidence intervals for the partial indices did not overlap with the 95% confidence intervals of the unstandardized indices. For all three groups of severity, the indices that measured absolute inequality were close to zero. Conclusions It is possible to achieve the egalitarian aim of equality in service provision by subsidizing orthodontic treatment. This is possible within a system where the cost of orthodontic treatment is reimbursed according to the criteria of need. These criteria function in such a way that patients with the greatest need for orthodontic treatment are given the highest priority.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0301-5661 , 1600-0528
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.v52.2
    DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12918
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2024
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2027101-3
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    COVID-19: we need randomised trials of school closures
    BMJ ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health Vol. 74, No. 12 ( 2020-12), p. 1078-1079
    Details
    In: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, BMJ, Vol. 74, No. 12 ( 2020-12), p. 1078-1079
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0143-005X , 1470-2738
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1136/jech-2020-214262
    Language: English
    Publisher: BMJ
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2015405-7
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    General practitioner visits after SARS-CoV-2 omicron compared with the delta variant in children in Norway: a prospective nationwide registry study
    BMJ ; 2022
    In:  BMJ Paediatrics Open Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 2022-08), p. e001502-
    Details
    In: BMJ Paediatrics Open, BMJ, Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 2022-08), p. e001502-
    Abstract: SARS-CoV-2 infection in children is followed by an immediate increase in primary care utilisation. The difference in utilisation following infection with the delta and omicron virus variants is unknown. Objectives To study whether general practitioner (GP) contacts were different in children infected with the omicron versus delta variant for up to 4 weeks after the week testing positive. Setting Primary care. Participants All residents in Norway aged 0–10. After excluding 47 683 children with a positive test where the virus variant was not identified as delta or omicron and 474 children who were vaccinated, the primary study population consisted of 613 448 children. Main outcome measures GP visits. Methods We estimated the difference in the weekly share visiting the GP after being infected with the delta or omicron variant to those in the study population who were either not tested or who tested negative using an event study design, controlling for calendar week of consultation, municipality fixed effects and sociodemographic factors in multivariate logistic regressions. Results Compared with preinfection, increased GP utilisation was found for children 1 and 2 weeks after testing positive for the omicron variant, with an OR of 6.7 (SE: 0.69) in the first week and 5.5 (0.72) in the second week. This increase was more pronounced for children with the delta variant, with an OR of 8.2 (0.52) in the first week and 7.1 (0.93) in the second week. After 2 weeks, the GP utilisation returned to preinfection levels. Conclusion The omicron variant appears to have resulted in less primary healthcare interactions per infected child compared with the delta variant.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2399-9772
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1136/bmjpo-2022-001502
    Language: English
    Publisher: BMJ
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2895377-0
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Body mass index and healthcare costs: using genetic variants from the HUNT study as instrumental variables
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2022
    In:  BMC Health Services Research Vol. 22, No. 1 ( 2022-12)
    Details
    In: BMC Health Services Research, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 22, No. 1 ( 2022-12)
    Abstract: Past studies have found associations between obesity and healthcare costs, however, these studies have suffered from bias due to omitted variables, reverse causality, and measurement error. Methods We used genetic variants related to body mass index (BMI) as instruments for BMI; thereby exploiting the natural randomization of genetic variants that occurs at conception. We used data on measured height and weight, genetic information, and sociodemographic factors from the Nord-Trøndelag Health Studies (HUNT), and individual-level registry data on healthcare costs, educational level, registration status, and biological relatives. We studied associations between BMI and general practitioner (GP)-, specialist-, and total healthcare costs in the Norwegian setting using instrumental variable (IV) regressions, and compared our findings with effect estimates from ordinary least squares (OLS) regressions. The sensitivity of our findings to underlying IV-assumptions was explored using two-sample Mendelian randomization methods, non-linear analyses, sex-, healthcare provider-, and age-specific analyses, within-family analyses, and outlier removal. We also conducted power calculations to assess the likelihood of detecting an effect given our sample 60,786 individuals. Results We found that increased BMI resulted in significantly higher GP costs; however, the IV-based effect estimate was smaller than the OLS-based estimate. We found no evidence of an association between BMI and specialist or total healthcare costs. Conclusions Elevated BMI leads to higher GP costs, and more studies are needed to understand the causal mechanisms between BMI and specialist costs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1472-6963
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/s12913-022-07597-z
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2050434-2
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Parental income gradients in adult health: a national cohort study
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2021
    In:  BMC Medicine Vol. 19, No. 1 ( 2021-12)
    Details
    In: BMC Medicine, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 19, No. 1 ( 2021-12)
    Abstract: Disparities in health by adult income are well documented, but we know less about the childhood origins of health inequalities, and it remains unclear how the shape of the gradient varies across health conditions. This study examined the association between parental income in childhood and several measures of morbidity in adulthood. Methods We used administrative data on seven complete Norwegian birth cohorts born in 1967–1973 ( N = 429,886) to estimate the association between parental income from birth to age 18, obtained from tax records available from 1967, linked with administrative registries on health. Health measures, observed between ages 39 and 43, were taken from registry data on consultations at primary health care services based on diagnostic codes from the International Classification of Primary Care (ICPC-2) and hospitalizations and outpatient specialist consultations registered in the National Patient Registry (ICD-10). Results Low parental income during childhood was associated with a higher risk of being diagnosed with several chronic and pain-related disorders, as well as hospitalization, but not overall primary health care use. Absolute differences were largest for disorders related to musculoskeletal pain, injuries, and depression (7–9 percentage point difference). There were also differences for chronic disorders such as hypertension (8%, CI 7.9–8.5 versus 4%, CI 4.1–4.7) and diabetes (3.2%, CI 3.0–3.4 versus 1.4%, CI 1.2–1.6). There was no difference in consultations related to respiratory disorders (20.9%, CI 20.4–21.5 versus 19.7%, CI 19.2–20.3). Childhood characteristics (parental education, low birth weight, and parental marital status) and own adult characteristics (education and income) explained a large share of the association. Conclusions Children growing up at the bottom of the parental income distribution, compared to children in the top of the income distribution, had a two- to threefold increase in somatic and psychological disorders measured in adulthood. This shows that health inequalities by socioeconomic family background persist in a Scandinavian welfare-state context with universal access to health care.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1741-7015
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/s12916-021-02022-4
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2131669-7
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...