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  • 2015-2019  (2)
  • 1995-1999  (1)
  • 1990-1994  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1433-0458
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Schwerhörigkeit ; Implantierbare Hörgeräte ; Elektronisches Hörimplantat ; TICA ; Key words Sensorineural hearing loss ; Implantable hearing aid ; Electronic hearing implant ; TICA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Recently, Zenner et al. implanted the first totally implantable electronic hearing devices in patients with SNHL (HNO 46 [1998] 844–852). In the present report, technical and audiological features of the implant TICA are published. The development of the piezoelectric transducer and the microphone for implantation in the posterior wall of the auditory canal as components for the present fully implantable hearing system has already been described (HNO 45, 1997, 792–880). Here we report about our experience with the electronic main module that completes the TICA LZ 3001 system. This module is suited for implantation in the mastoid bone and contains the signal-processing electronics and an integrated battery that can be recharged transcutaneously with a portable charger. The recharging time is around 2 h for an implant operating time of 50h. The microphone and transducer connectors allow for easy replacement of the main module when the battery lifetime is reached. This lifetime is around 3–5 years. A small wireless remote control allows volume adjustment, contains an on/off switch, and permits selection of four different individual hearing programs. The basic audiological features are provided by a flexible, digitally programmable 3-channel-AGC-system with a peak clipping function. The total bandwidth is around 10 kHz. To our knowledge this is the first fully implantable hearing system that has been in implanted in humans.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Kürzlich wurde über die Entwicklung eines elektromechanischen, piezoelektrischen Wandlers und eines Mikrofons zum subkutanen Einbau in die hintere Gehörgangswand als Komponenten eines zukünftigen vollständig implantierbaren Hörsystems für Innenohrschwerhörige berichtet (HNO 45, 1997, 792–880). Zwischenzeitlich konnte die Entwicklung eines elektronischen Hauptmoduls zur Implantation auf dem Planum mastoideum abgeschlossen werden, das diese Mikrofone und Wandler zu dem kompletten Hörimplantat TICA® LZ 3001 ergänzt. Dieses Hauptmodul enthält neben der signalverarbeitenden Elektronik eine spezielle Batterie, die transkutan mit einem portablen Ladegerät nachgeladen wird. Nach einer Volladung, die ca. 2 h benötigt, ist das Implantat für rund 50 h kontinuierlich betriebsbereit. Das Ladegerät wird ähnlich wie bei Mobiltelefonen in einer netzbetriebenen Station nachgeladen. Lösbare Steckverbindungen zu Mikrofon und Wandler ermöglichen den einfachen operativen Austausch des Hauptmoduls, wenn die Batterielebensdauer erreicht ist. Dies wird nach ca. 3–5 Jahren erwartet. Dem Patienten steht eine kleine, drahtlose Fernbedienung zur Verfügung, mit der Lautstärke, Ein/Aus sowie 4 Hörprogramme für unterschiedliche Hörsituationen eingestellt werden können. Die grundlegenden audiologischen Eigenschaften sind durch ein flexibel digital programmierbares 3-Kanal-AGC-System mit Peak-clipping-Funktion gegeben. Die gesamte Übertragungsbandbreite beträgt ca. 10 kHz. Das vollimplantierbare Hörsystem wurde im Rahmen der klinischen Erprobung Anfang Juni 1998 erstmals am Menschen angewendet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We have looked for genes for ferritin and its translational control protein that could account for anomalies in the expression of ferritin (FT) and the transferrin receptor in the duodenum of individuals with hemochromatosis (HC). We show that there are probably only two FTH-like sequences near the HC locus on the short arm of chromosome 6 and no FTL-like sequences. We report the cloning of the previously uncharacterized FTH sequence from 6p (FTHL15) and show that it is probably a processed pseudogene. This gene has been mapped with a panel of radiation hybrid cells to near 6p12. Additionally, we show that there are no sequences on chromosome 6p for a protein that coordinately regulates expression of ferritin and the transferrin receptor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2016-10-29
    Description: Due to antigenic drift of influenza viruses, seasonal influenza vaccines need to be updated annually. These vaccines are based on predictions of strains likely to circulate in the next season. However, vaccine efficacy is greatly reduced in the case of a mismatch between circulating and vaccine strains. Furthermore, novel antigenically distinct influenza viruses are introduced into the human population from animal reservoirs occasionally and may cause pandemic outbreaks. To dampen the impact of seasonal and pandemic influenza, vaccines that induce broadly protective and long-lasting immunity are preferred. Because influenza virus-specific CD8 + T cells are directed mainly against relatively conserved internal proteins, like nucleoprotein (NP), they are highly cross-reactive and afford protection against infection with antigenically distinct influenza virus strains, so-called heterosubtypic immunity. Here, we used modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) as a vaccine vector for the induction of influenza virus NP-specific CD8 + T cells. To optimize the induction of CD8 + T cell responses, we made several modifications to NP, aiming at retaining the protein in the cytosol or targeting it to the proteasome. We hypothesized that these strategies would increase antigen processing and presentation and thus improve the induction of CD8 + T cell responses. We showed that NP with increased degradation rates improved CD8 + T cell activation in vitro if the amount of antigen was limited or if CD8 + T cells were of low functional avidity. However, after immunization of C57BL/6 mice, no differences were detected between modified NP and wild-type NP (NPwt), since NPwt already induced optimal CD8 + T cell responses. IMPORTANCE Due to the continuous antigenic drift of seasonal influenza viruses and the threat of a novel pandemic, there is a great need for the development of novel influenza vaccines that offer broadly protective immunity against multiple subtypes. CD8 + T cells can provide immunity against multiple subtypes of influenza viruses by the recognition of relatively conserved internal antigens. In this study, we aimed at optimizing the CD8 + T cell response to influenza A virus by making modifications to influenza A virus nucleoprotein (NP) expressed from the modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) vaccine vector. These modifications resulted in increased antigen degradation, thereby producing elevated levels of peptides that can be presented on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules to CD8 + T cells. Although we were unable to increase the NP-specific immune response in the mouse strain used, this approach may have benefits for vaccine development using less-immunogenic proteins.
    Print ISSN: 0022-538X
    Electronic ISSN: 1098-5514
    Topics: Medicine
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2015-07-22
    Description: Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) causes severe respiratory disease in humans. We tested a recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) vaccine expressing full-length MERS-CoV spike (S) glycoprotein by immunizing BALB/c mice with either intramuscular or subcutaneous regimens. In all cases, MVA-MERS-S induced MERS-CoV-specific CD8 + T cells and virus-neutralizing antibodies. Vaccinated mice were protected against MERS-CoV challenge infection after transduction with the human dipeptidyl peptidase 4 receptor. This MERS-CoV infection model demonstrates the safety and efficacy of the candidate vaccine.
    Print ISSN: 0022-538X
    Electronic ISSN: 1098-5514
    Topics: Medicine
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