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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Antifungal Activity of Mexican Propolis on Clinical Isolates of Candida Species
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Molecules Vol. 27, No. 17 ( 2022-09-01), p. 5651-
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 27, No. 17 ( 2022-09-01), p. 5651-
    Abstract: Infections caused by micro-organisms of the genus Candida are becoming a growing health problem worldwide. These fungi are opportunistic commensals that can produce infections—clinically known as candidiasis—in immunocompromised individuals. The indiscriminate use of different anti-fungal treatments has triggered the resistance of Candida species to currently used therapies. In this sense, propolis has been shown to have potent antimicrobial properties and thus can be used as an approach for the inhibition of Candida species. Therefore, this work aims to evaluate the anti-Candida effects of a propolis extract obtained from the north of Mexico on clinical isolates of Candida species. Candida species were specifically identified from oral lesions, and both the qualitative and quantitative anti-Candida effects of the Mexican propolis were evaluated, as well as its inhibitory effect on C. albicans isolate’s germ tube growth and chemical composition. Three Candida species were identified, and our results indicated that the inhibition halos of the propolis ranged from 7.6 to 21.43 mm, while that of the MFC and FC50 ranged from 0.312 to 1.25 and 0.014 to 0.244 mg/mL, respectively. Moreover, the propolis was found to inhibit germ tube formation (IC50 ranging from 0.030 to 1.291 mg/mL). Chemical composition analysis indicated the presence of flavonoids, including pinocembrin, baicalein, pinobanksin chalcone, rhamnetin, and biochanin A, in the Mexican propolis extract. In summary, our work shows that Mexican propolis presents significant anti-Candida effects related to its chemical composition, and also inhibits germ tube growth. Other Candida species virulence factors should be investigated in future research in order to determine the mechanisms associated with antifungal effects against them.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175651
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008644-1
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Flavonoids Present in Propolis in the Battle against Photoaging and Psoriasis
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Antioxidants Vol. 10, No. 12 ( 2021-12-19), p. 2014-
    Details
    In: Antioxidants, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 12 ( 2021-12-19), p. 2014-
    Abstract: The skin is the main external organ. It protects against different types of potentially harmful agents, such as pathogens, or physical factors, such as radiation. Skin disorders are very diverse, and some of them lack adequate and accessible treatment. The photoaging of the skin is a problem of great relevance since it is related to the development of cancer, while psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease that causes scaly skin lesions and deterioration of the lifestyle of people affected. These diseases affect the patient’s health and quality of life, so alternatives have been sought that improve the treatment for these diseases. This review focuses on describing the properties and benefits of flavonoids from propolis against these diseases. The information collected shows that the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of flavonoids play a crucial role in the control and regulation of the cellular and biochemical alterations caused by these diseases; moreover, flavones, flavonols, flavanones, flavan-3-ols, and isoflavones contained in different worldwide propolis samples are the types of flavonoids usually evaluated in both diseases. Therefore, the research carried out in the area of dermatology with bioactive compounds of different origins is of great relevance to developing preventive and therapeutic approaches.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-3921
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/antiox10122014
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704216-9
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Biomedical Properties of Propolis on Diverse Chronic Diseases and Its Potential Applications and Health Benefits
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Nutrients Vol. 13, No. 1 ( 2020-12-29), p. 78-
    Details
    In: Nutrients, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 1 ( 2020-12-29), p. 78-
    Abstract: The use of alternative medicine products has increased tremendously in recent decades and it is estimated that approximately 80% of patients globally depend on them for some part of their primary health care. Propolis is a beekeeping product widely used in alternative medicine. It is a natural resinous product that bees collect from various plants and mix with beeswax and salivary enzymes and comprises a complex mixture of compounds. Various biomedical properties of propolis have been studied and reported in infectious and non-infectious diseases. However, the pharmacological activity and chemical composition of propolis is highly variable depending on its geographical origin, so it is important to describe and study the biomedical properties of propolis from different geographic regions. A number of chronic diseases, such as diabetes, obesity, and cancer, are the leading causes of global mortality, generating significant economic losses in many countries. In this review, we focus on compiling relevant information about propolis research related to diabetes, obesity, and cancer. The study of propolis could generate both new and accessible alternatives for the treatment of various diseases and will help to effectively evaluate the safety of its use.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6643
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nu13010078
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518386-2
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Identification of Compound Heterozygous EVC2 Gene Variants in Two Mexican Families with Ellis–van Creveld Syndrome
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Genes Vol. 14, No. 4 ( 2023-04-09), p. 887-
    Details
    In: Genes, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 4 ( 2023-04-09), p. 887-
    Abstract: Background: Ellis–van Creveld syndrome (EvCS) is an autosomal recessive ciliopathy with a disproportionate short stature, polydactyly, dystrophic nails, oral defects, and cardiac anomalies. It is caused by pathogenic variants in the EVC or EVC2 genes. To obtain further insight into the genetics of EvCS, we identified the genetic defect for the EVC2 gene in two Mexican patients. Methods: Two Mexican families were enrolled in this study. Exome sequencing was applied in the probands to screen potential genetic variant(s), and then Sanger sequencing was used to identify the variant in the parents. Finally, a prediction of the three-dimensional structure of the mutant proteins was made. Results: One patient has a compound heterozygous EVC2 mutation: a novel heterozygous variant c.519_519 + 1delinsT inherited from her mother, and a heterozygous variant c.2161delC (p.L721fs) inherited from her father. The second patient has a previously reported compound heterozygous EVC2 mutation: nonsense mutation c.645G 〉 A (p.W215*) in exon 5 inherited from her mother, and c.273dup (p.K92fs) in exon 2 inherited from her father. In both cases, the diagnostic was Ellis–van Creveld syndrome. Three-dimensional modeling of the EVC2 protein showed that truncated proteins are produced in both patients due to the generation of premature stop codons. Conclusion: The identified novel heterozygous EVC2 variants, c.2161delC and c.519_519 + 1delinsT, were responsible for the Ellis–van Creveld syndrome in one of the Mexican patients. In the second Mexican patient, we identified a compound heterozygous variant, c.645G 〉 A and c.273dup, responsible for EvCS. The findings in this study extend the EVC2 mutation spectrum and may provide new insights into the EVC2 causation and diagnosis with implications for genetic counseling and clinical management.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4425
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/genes14040887
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527218-4
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effects of Propolis on Infectious Diseases of Medical Relevance
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Biology Vol. 10, No. 5 ( 2021-05-12), p. 428-
    Details
    In: Biology, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 5 ( 2021-05-12), p. 428-
    Abstract: Infectious diseases are a significant problem affecting the public health and economic stability of societies all over the world. Treatment is available for most of these diseases; however, many pathogens have developed resistance to drugs, necessitating the development of new therapies with chemical agents, which can have serious side effects and high toxicity. In addition, the severity and aggressiveness of emerging and re-emerging diseases, such as pandemics caused by viral agents, have led to the priority of investigating new therapies to complement the treatment of different infectious diseases. Alternative and complementary medicine is widely used throughout the world due to its low cost and easy access and has been shown to provide a wide repertoire of options for the treatment of various conditions. In this work, we address the relevance of the effects of propolis on the causal pathogens of the main infectious diseases with medical relevance; the existing compiled information shows that propolis has effects on Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, fungi, protozoan parasites and helminths, and viruses; however, challenges remain, such as the assessment of their effects in clinical studies for adequate and safe use.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2079-7737
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/biology10050428
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2661517-4
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