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  • Harrison, D. E.  (6)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Remote westerly wind forcing of the eastern equatorial Pacific; Some model results
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1988
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters Vol. 15, No. 8 ( 1988-08), p. 804-807
    Details
    In: Geophysical Research Letters, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 15, No. 8 ( 1988-08), p. 804-807
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0094-8276
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/GL015i008p00804
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1988
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    SSG: 16,13
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Episodes of surface westerly winds as observed from islands in the western tropical Pacific
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1991
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans Vol. 96, No. S01 ( 1991-01), p. 3221-3237
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 96, No. S01 ( 1991-01), p. 3221-3237
    Abstract: We describe the characteristics of surface westerly wind episodes in the tropical Pacific between mid‐1957 and 1980, as they can be determined from a collection of daily average wind records from islands. Several types of frequency of occurrence and duration statistics are presented; events in which the maximum westerly anomalies exceed 7 m s −1 are not common, but are prominent in the records. There is strong seasonal and geographical variation in frequency of occurrence. Four types of westerly episodes are found; we call them types N, C, S, or FS, according to whether the maximum westerly wind is found north of, centered on, south of, or “far south” of the equator near the international date line. Sixteen, 45, 47, and 47 events of type N, C, S, and FS are identified, respectively. The strongest westerly winds are associated with type C and S events; maximum daily average values can exceed 20 m s −1 . Only type C and S events are found to have substantial equatorial zonal wind anomalies. Several examples of type C and S events are presented. Composite events of each type have been computed, and their characteristics are described. In order to explore relationships between equatorial westerly events and cyclones, all of the named tropical cyclones within a region encompassing the near‐date line islands have been identified; various statistics are presented, but no absolute relationships have been identified. The similarity between the composite type C and S anomaly patterns and patterns of the El Niño‐Southern Oscillation monthly mean zonal wind anomaly previously documented in the literature is striking; evidently, the westerly events often dominate in the monthly average anomaly.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/90JC01775
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1991
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    SSG: 16,13
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Aspects of the Kelvin wave response to episodic wind forcing
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1990
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans Vol. 95, No. C5 ( 1990-05-15), p. 7289-7312
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 95, No. C5 ( 1990-05-15), p. 7289-7312
    Abstract: Episodes of westerly wind are an important aspect of surface stress variability in the western Pacific. During El Niño‐Southern Oscillation periods, the presence of such wind episodes comprises much of the low‐frequency relaxation of the trades over the central and western Pacific. In this paper we describe the oceanic Kelvin pulse response to a single idealized episode of westerly wind stress, using results from linear theory as well as from a 27‐level general circulation model. Linear theory predicts that an episode of westerly wind will excite a train of equatorially trapped Kelvin pulses. The amplitude and longitudinal structure of the forced ocean Kelvin pulses varies as a function of baroclinic mode and the wind patch properties. Because of changing vertical thermal structure across the Pacific, the vertical structure of Kelvin pulses is altered as they propagate away from the forcing region. When stratification typical of the western and eastern Pacific is used, the conservation of energy flux predicts a reduction of surface currents associated with the first baroclinic mode and an enhancement of surface currents associated with the second baroclinic mode. The idealized wind anomaly is also used to drive an ocean general circulation model. When the wind anomaly is weak the model Kelvin response agrees with predictions of linear theory. For more realistic strong forcing there are three important deviations from linear theory: the amplitude of low baroclinic modes increases; the amplitude of higher baroclinic modes decreases; and the phase speed increases. In the presence of realistic oceanic background conditions, response in the equatorial waveguide is complicated by the equatorial undercurrent, a sloping thermocline and instability waves. Model sea surface temperature warming at the coast of South America is dominated by the second baroclinic mode, consistent with the results derived from linear theory.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/JC095iC05p07289
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1990
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    SSG: 16,13
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    Online Resource
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Comment [on “The response of the equatorial Pacific Ocean to a westerly wind burst in May 1986” by M. J. McPhaden et al.]
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1989
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans Vol. 94, No. C4 ( 1989-04-15), p. 5024-5026
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 94, No. C4 ( 1989-04-15), p. 5024-5026
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/JC094iC04p05024
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1989
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094268-8
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    SSG: 16,13
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    Online Resource
  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Ocean Circulation Model Hindcasts of the 1982-83 El Niño: Thermal Variability along the Ship-of-Opportunity Tracks
    American Meteorological Society ; 1989
    In:  Journal of Physical Oceanography Vol. 19, No. 4 ( 1989-04), p. 397-418
    Details
    In: Journal of Physical Oceanography, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 19, No. 4 ( 1989-04), p. 397-418
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-3670 , 1520-0485
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/1520-0485(1989)019〈0397:OCMHOT〉2.0.CO;2
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 1989
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Eastern equatorial Pacific response to three composite westerly wind types
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1991
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans Vol. 96, No. S01 ( 1991-01), p. 3239-3248
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 96, No. S01 ( 1991-01), p. 3239-3248
    Abstract: It has been suggested recently that episodes of westerly wind near the international date line in the western Pacific tend to fall into one of four types. Three of the types have enough equatorial zonal wind variation to be able to induce an eastern Pacific response by forcing equatorial waves. In this note we examine the central and eastern Pacific waveguide response to idealized representations of these three types of westerly wind episodes, using a combination of linear theory and results from an ocean general circulation model. The idealized westerly wind types are the C type (maximum anomalies centered on the equator), the N type (maximum anomalies just north of the equator), and the S type (maximum anomalies just south of the equator). The composite C‐type event excites equatorially trapped Kelvin pulses that alter sea surface temperature in the central and eastern Pacific. Warm anomalies caused by the C‐type episode have approximately equal contributions from a zonal advection of heat by the Kelvin pulses and a meridional advection of heat by an altered instability wave field. Because the center of forcing of the S‐type event is displaced off of the equator, the Kelvin pulses excited by the S‐type episode have smaller amplitude than those of the C‐type episode, even though the maximum wind anomaly is the same in the two cases. The S‐type anomaly also excites weak Rossby‐gravity waves that can propagate into the eastern Pacific. Because the Rossby‐gravity waves are dispersive, their amplitude diminishes as the waves propagate into the eastern Pacific. The N‐type episode, as observed in winds from the western tropical Pacific, is much weaker and of shorter duration than the C and S types, and therefore excites only a very weak eastern Pacific response. Although all types of westerly wind excite a local western Pacific response, only the C‐ and S‐type events excite a significant eastern Pacific response.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/90JC01861
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1991
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    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
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