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  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Singapore :Springer Singapore Pte. Limited,
    Schlagwort(e): Water-supply-China-Management. ; Electronic books.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    Seiten: 1 online resource (86 pages)
    Ausgabe: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9789811391637
    Serie: SpringerBriefs in Water Science and Technology Series
    DDC: 333.9100951
    Sprache: Englisch
    Anmerkung: Intro -- Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Introduction -- References -- 2 Comparison of Physical and Virtual Water Transfer -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Review on Physical Water Transfer Projects and Their Impacts -- 2.2.1 Water Transfer Projects in the World -- 2.2.2 The South-to-North Water Transfer Project in China -- 2.2.3 Water Transfer Projects for Water Quality Improvement -- 2.2.4 Multidimensional Impacts from Water Transfer Project -- 2.2.5 Water Transfer Projects and Their Water Availability Related to Climate Change -- 2.3 Review on Virtual Water Transfer -- 2.3.1 Virtual Water Accounting Approaches -- 2.3.2 Virtual Water Trade and Its Impact on Water Scarcity -- 2.3.3 Global Water Savings from Virtual Water Trade -- 2.3.4 Virtual Water Trade as a Food Security Tool -- 2.3.5 Virtual Water as an Efficient Water Use and Water Policy Tool -- 2.3.6 Driving Forces of Virtual Water Trade -- 2.4 Comparison Between Physical Water Transfer and Virtual Water Flow -- 2.5 Conclusion -- References -- 3 Pattern of Physical and Virtual Water Flows: The Impact to Water Quantity Stress Among China's Provinces -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Physical Water Pattern Within China -- 3.3 Virtual Water Flows Pattern Within China -- 3.3.1 Virtual Water Flows Per Sectors Within China -- 3.4 Impacts on Water Stress -- 3.5 Conclusion -- References -- 4 Physical Water Transfer and Its Impact on Water Quality: The Case of Yangtze River Diversions -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Physical Water Transfer: The Case of Lake Taihu -- 4.2.1 Numerical Model -- 4.2.2 Results and Discussion -- 4.3 Physical Water Transfer: The Case of Lake Chao -- 4.3.1 Numerical Model -- 4.3.2 Results and Discussion -- 4.4 Conclusion -- References -- 5 Water Transfer to Achieve Environmental Issues: Waterfront Body -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Study Area. , 5.3 The Inner Lake: Pb Pollution -- 5.3.1 The Pattern of Pb in the Sediment -- 5.3.2 Mathematical Models for Migration and Transformation of Pb -- 5.3.3 Water Operation Schemes of the Inner Lakes -- 5.3.4 Variation of the Concentration of Pb Pollution Load -- 5.4 Effects of Water Transfer in the Waterfront Body -- 5.4.1 Model Establishment -- 5.4.2 Mathematical Equations -- 5.5 Investigation on Water Quantity Operation -- 5.5.1 Water Quantity Operation -- 5.5.2 Pattern of Water Quantity -- 5.6 Environmental Effects Forecast After Water Quantity Operation -- 5.6.1 Estimation of Water Quantity and Suspended Sediment -- 5.6.2 Water Quality Estimation -- 5.6.3 Assessing Water Transparency -- 5.6.4 Assessing Submerged Aquatic Plant Restoration -- 5.7 Conclusion -- References -- 6 Case of Physical Water Transfer from Yangtze River: Different Routes -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Description of the Different Routes -- 6.2.1 The Eastern Route -- 6.2.2 The Middle Route -- 6.2.3 The Western Route -- 6.3 Impacts of the Different Routes of the SNWTP -- 6.3.1 Eastern Route -- 6.3.2 Middle Route -- 6.3.3 Western Route -- 6.4 Assessing Environmental Impacts of Water Consumption in China -- 6.4.1 Method -- 6.4.2 Results and Discussion -- 6.5 Conclusion -- References -- 7 Virtual Water Transfer Within China: The Case of Shanghai -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Shanghai's Water Endowment -- 7.3 Method and Data -- 7.3.1 Water Stress Index -- 7.4 Results and Discussion -- 7.4.1 Shanghai's Consumption and Water Quantity -- 7.4.2 Shanghai's Consumption and Water Quality -- 7.4.3 Magnitude of Water Trade -- 7.5 Conclusion -- References.
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  • 2
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Milton :CRC Press LLC,
    Schlagwort(e): Graph theory. ; Electronic books.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Introduction to Chemical Graph Theory is a concise introduction to the main topics and techniques in chemical graph theory, specifically the theory of topological indices. The book covers some of the most commonly used mathematical approaches in the subject.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    Seiten: 1 online resource (271 pages)
    Ausgabe: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9780429833984
    Serie: Discrete Mathematics and Its Applications Series
    DDC: 540.1/5115
    Sprache: Englisch
    Anmerkung: Cover -- Half Title -- Series Editors -- Title -- Copyrights -- Contents -- Preface -- Chapter 1 Preliminaries -- 1.1 Basic graph notations -- 1.2 Special types of graphs -- 1.3 Trees -- 1.4 Degrees in graphs -- 1.5 Distance in graphs -- 1.6 Independent sets and matchings -- 1.7 Topological indices -- Chapter 2 Distance in graphs and the Wiener index -- 2.1 An overview -- 2.2 Properties related to distances -- 2.3 Extremal problems in general graphs and trees -- 2.3.1 The Wiener index -- 2.3.2 The distances between leaves -- 2.3.3 Distance between internal vertices -- 2.3.4 Distance between internal vertices and leaves -- 2.3.5 Sum of eccentricities -- 2.4 The Wiener index of trees with a given degree sequence -- 2.5 The Wiener index of trees with a given segment sequence . . -- 2.5.1 The minimum Wiener index in trees with a given seg-ment sequence -- 2.5.2 The maximum Wiener index in trees with a given seg-ment sequence -- 2.5.3 Further characterization of extremal quasi-caterpillars -- 2.5.4 Trees with a given number of segments -- 2.6 General approaches -- 2.6.1 Caterpillars -- 2.6.2 Greedy trees -- 2.6.3 Comparing greedy trees of different degree sequences and applications -- 2.7 The inverse problem -- Chapter 3 Vertex degrees and the Randic ´index -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Degree-based indices in trees with a given degree sequence . -- 3.2.1 Greedy trees -- 3.2.2 Alternating greedy trees -- 3.3 Comparison between greedy trees and applications -- 3.3.1 Between greedy trees -- 3.3.2 Applications to extremal trees -- 3.3.3 Application to specific indices -- 3.4 The Zagreb indices -- 3.4.1 Graphs with M1 = M2 -- 3.4.2 Maximum M2(·) −M1(·) in trees -- 3.4.3 Maximum M1(·) −M2(·) in trees -- 3.4.4 Further analysis of the behavior of M1() M2() -- 3.5 More on the ABC index -- 3.5.1 Defining the optimal graph. , 3.5.2 Structural properties of the optimal graphs -- 3.5.3 Proof of Theorem 3.5.1 -- 3.5.4 Acyclic, unicyclic, and bicyclic optimal graphs -- 3.6 Graphs with a given matching number -- 3.6.1 Generalized Randic ´index -- 3.6.2 Zagreb indices based on edge degrees -- 3.6.3 The Atom-bond connectivity index -- Chapter 4 Independent sets: Merrifield-Simmons index and Hosoya in- dex -- 4.1 History and terminologies -- 4.2 Merrifield-Simmons index and Hosoya index: elementary prop-erties -- 4.3 Extremal problems in general graphs and trees -- 4.4 Graph transformations -- 4.5 Trees with fixed parameters -- 4.6 Tree-like graphs -- 4.7 Independence polynomial and matching polynomial -- Chapter 5 Graph spectra and the graph energy -- 5.1 Matrices associated with graphs -- 5.2 Graph spectra and characteristic polynomials -- 5.3 The graph energy: elementary properties -- 5.4 Bounds for the graph energy -- 5.5 Extremal problems in trees -- 5.6 Extremal problems in tree-like graphs -- 5.7 Energy-like invariants -- 5.7.1 Matching energy -- 5.7.2 Laplacian energy -- 5.7.3 Incidence energy and Laplacian-energy-like invariant . -- 5.8 Other invariants based on graph spectra -- 5.8.1 Spectral radius of a graph -- 5.8.2 Estrada index -- Bibliography -- Index.
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  • 3
    Schlagwort(e): Environmental management ; Environmental Management ; Hydrology.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Comparison between physical and virtual water transfer -- Pattern of physical and virtual water flows: the impact to water quantity stress among China’s provinces -- Physical water transfer and its impact on water quality: case of Yangtze River Diversions -- Water transfer to achieve environmental issues: waterfront body -- Case of physical water transfer from Yangtze River: different routes -- Virtual water transfer within China: case of Shanghai
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (XIII, 76 p. 32 illus., 23 illus. in color)
    Ausgabe: 1st ed. 2020
    ISBN: 9789811391637
    Serie: SpringerBriefs in Water Science and Technology
    Sprache: Englisch
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