Note: Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Contents -- About the Author -- Foreword by Professor Longtu Li -- Foreword by Professor Jürgen Rödel -- Preface -- Chapter 1 Fundamentals of Piezoelectricity -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Piezoelectric Effects and Related Equations -- 1.3 Ferroelectric Properties and Its Contribution to Piezoelectricity -- 1.4 Piezoelectric Parameters -- 1.4.1 Piezoelectric Constants -- 1.4.1.1 Piezoelectric Charge (Strain) Constant -- 1.4.1.2 Piezoelectric Voltage Coefficient (G‐constant) -- 1.4.2 Piezoelectric Coupling Coefficient -- 1.4.3 Mechanical Quality Factor -- 1.5 Issues for Measuring Piezoelectric Properties -- 1.5.1 Measurement of Direct Piezoelectric Coefficient Using the Berlincourt Method -- 1.5.2 Measurement of Converse Piezoelectric Coefficient by Laser Interferometer -- 1.5.3 Resonance and Anti‐resonance Method -- References -- Chapter 2 High‐Performance Lead‐Free Piezoelectrics -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 BaTiO3 -- 2.3 (K,Na)NbO3 -- 2.4 (Bi1/2Na1/2)TiO3 -- 2.5 BiFeO3 -- 2.6 Summary -- References -- Chapter 3 (K,Na)NbO3 System -- 3.1 Introduction of (K,Na)NbO3 -- 3.1.1 History of (K,Na)NbO3 -- 3.1.2 Crystal Structure and Phase Diagram -- 3.1.3 Current Development of KNN‐Based Materials -- 3.2 Synthesis -- 3.2.1 Calcination -- 3.2.2 Sintering -- 3.2.2.1 Normal Sintering -- 3.2.2.2 Hot Pressing, Spark Plasma Sintering, and Microwave Sintering -- 3.2.3 Texturing -- 3.3 Approaches to Piezoelectricity Enhancement -- 3.3.1 Phase Engineering -- 3.3.1.1 O-T Phase Boundary -- 3.3.1.2 R-T Phase Boundary -- 3.3.2 Thermal Stability -- 3.3.3 Multiscale Heterogeneity -- 3.3.4 Poling Techniques -- 3.4 Fatigue and Mechanical Properties -- 3.4.1 Fatigue -- 3.4.2 Mechanical Properties -- 3.5 KNN Thin Films -- 3.5.1 Sol-Gel‐Processed Films -- 3.5.2 KNN Films Prepared by Physical Methods -- 3.6 Single Crystals -- 3.7 Summary. , References -- Chapter 4 (Bi1/2Na1/2)TiO3 System -- 4.1 Introduction of BNT System -- 4.2 Extensive Research on Phase Diagram of (Bi1/2Na1/2)TiO3-BaTiO3 System -- 4.2.1 Relaxor or Antiferroelectric? -- 4.2.2 MPB and Complex Phase Structure -- 4.3 High Converse Piezoelectricity -- 4.3.1 Electric‐Field‐Induced Phase Transition -- 4.3.2 Ergodic and Nonergodic Relaxor -- 4.3.3 Modulation of Depolarization Temperature -- 4.3.3.1 Compositional Modification Approach -- 4.3.3.2 Composite Approach -- 4.3.3.3 Stress Approach -- 4.4 Thin Films -- 4.5 Single Crystals -- 4.6 High‐Power Application -- 4.7 Summary and Outlook -- References -- Chapter 5 BaTiO3 System -- 5.1 Brief Introduction of History -- 5.2 BaTiO3‐Based Ceramics and Single Crystals -- 5.2.1 Ceramics -- 5.2.2 Single Crystal -- 5.3 BaTiO3‐Based Solid Solution Ceramics -- 5.3.1 (Ba,Ca)(Ti,Zr)O3 -- 5.3.2 (Ba,Ca)(Ti,Sn)O3 -- 5.3.3 (Ba,Ca)(Ti,Hf)O3 -- 5.4 Piezoelectricity Enhancement -- 5.4.1 Phase Engineering -- 5.4.2 Domain Engineering -- 5.4.3 Texturing -- 5.5 Key Issues of Sintering Processes -- 5.5.1 Li‐containing Sintering Additives -- 5.5.2 Glass Compositions -- 5.6 Mechanical Property -- 5.7 Summary and Outlook -- References -- Chapter 6 BiFeO3 System -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Brief Introduction to Multiferroic Materials -- 6.3 Multiferroicity of BiFeO3 -- 6.3.1 Ferroelectricity -- 6.3.2 Antiferromagnetism and Weak Ferromagnetism -- 6.3.3 Magnetoelectric Coupling -- 6.3.3.1 Antiferromagnetic Switching on Electric Field -- 6.3.3.2 Ferroelectricity on Magnetic Field -- 6.4 Phase Diagram of BiFeO3 -- 6.4.1 High Curie Temperature and Processing Issues -- 6.4.2 Influence of Pressure on Phase Diagram -- 6.4.3 Thin Film and Strain Effect on Phase Structure -- 6.5 Dielectric Permittivity, Electrical Conductivity, and Domain Wall Conductivity of BiFeO3 -- 6.5.1 Dielectric Permittivity. , 6.5.2 Electrical Conductivity and Defects -- 6.5.3 Domain Wall Conductivity -- 6.6 Ion Substitutions in BiFeO3 -- 6.6.1 On Ferroelectricity (Pr) and Piezoelectricity (d33) -- 6.6.2 On Phase Transformation -- 6.6.3 On Magnetic Properties -- 6.7 BiFeO3‐Based Solid Solutions -- 6.7.1 BiFeO3-BaTiO3 -- 6.7.2 Other Solid Solutions -- 6.8 Application of BiFeO3: Potentials and Status -- 6.8.1 Ferroelectricity and Electronics -- 6.8.2 Magnetoelectric Coupling and Spintronics -- 6.8.3 Domain Wall Based Electronics -- 6.9 Summary -- References -- Chapter 7 Applications -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Representative Applications of Lead‐Free Piezoelectric Ceramics -- 7.2.1 Piezoelectric Multilayer Actuators -- 7.2.2 KNN‐Based Actuation Structure in Inkjet Printhead -- 7.2.3 Ultrasonic Transducers -- 7.2.4 KNN‐Based Knocking Sensors -- 7.3 Other Potential Applications -- 7.3.1 Energy Harvesting -- 7.3.2 High‐Frequency Medical Imaging Transducers Using 1-3 Composites -- 7.3.3 High‐Temperature Piezoelectrics and Applications -- 7.4 Summary and Outlooks -- References -- Index -- EULA.

Note: Intro -- Materials Processing Technologies, Waste Treatment and Food Engineering -- Preface -- Table of Contents -- Chapter 1: Materials Processing Technologies -- Fatigue Performance and Impact Toughness of PBF-LB Manufactured AlSi 10Mg -- Design of Experiment for Determining Setting Parameter on Plasma Arc Machining for Stainless Steel Plate Cutting with Full Factorial Design -- Titanium Nitriding: A Systematic Literature Review -- Sheet Forming of Roll Cast Aluminum Alloy for Die Casting -- Mechanical Behavior and Void Analysis of 3D Printed PEEK by Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) with Varying Infill Patterns -- Printability and Mechanical Properties of PLA/Iron Composites for FDM 3D Printing -- Chapter 2: Materials for Opto- and Microelectronics -- Enhanced Electrical Conductivity of Graphene-Incorporated Copper Wire and its Performances on Coaxial Cable Application at Sub 6 GHz -- Magneto-Conductive and Magnetic Properties in La1-xSrxMnO3 Thin Films on a-SiO2 Substrates Produced by Metal Organic Decomposition Method -- Experiments of Failure and Damage in ITO-Coated PC/FPC with ACF Bonding due to Bending Fatigue -- Fabrication of Liquid-Metal Printed 2D Tin Oxide Nanosheets for Optoelectronic Applications -- Chapter 3: Chemical and Food Engineering -- Hydrogen Production from Rice Husk: Techno-Economic and Life Cycle Analysis -- Improving Efficiency of Heat Pump Dryer Using R32 Refrigerant by Nanofluid -- Comparative Study on Performance of Passive and Active Solar Dryer -- Chapter 4: Waste Treatment and Biomass Processing -- Catalytic Pyrolysis of Biomass Waste Mixture over Activated Carbon and Zeolite Catalyst for the Production Bio Oil -- Pyrolytic Plastic Oil Distillation Study of Five Mixed Plastic Waste Pyrolysis. , The Effect of Drying Temperature Variation on the Production of Porang Starch Bioplastics with Sorbitol Plasticizer on Mechanical and Thermal Properties -- Chapter 5: Measurements, Testing and Monitoring -- Effect Evaluation of Repeated Compression for Tactile Hardening of Cotton Pile Towel by Indentation Test -- Intelligent Identification of Chinese and Australian Merino Wool Fibers Based on Image Recognition -- Neural Network Based Determination of the Degree of Fiber Mixing in Hybrid Yarns and Composites -- In Situ Measurement of Twist Propagation and Yarn Tension with Superconducting Magnetic Bearing Twisting Element for Ring Spinning Process -- Keyword Index -- Author Index.

Note: Intro -- 22nd AUTEX World Textile Conference -- Preface -- Table of Contents -- Chapter 1: Materials and Technologies of Textile Production -- Characterization of Nanoporous Poly(Lactic Acid) Microfibers Using a Simplified Centrifugal Spinning Method -- Ag Doping and rGO Coupling of TiO2 within Polysiloxane Matrix for the Ecofriendly Development of High-Performance Cotton Fabric -- Novel Knit Structure with Adjustable Tensile Behaviour Based on Combined Weft/Warp Technology -- Silica-Containing Phosphorus-Based Sol-Gel Finishing to Improve Flame Retardant Performance of Cotton Fabrics -- Analysis of the Influence of Fiber Orientations in Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composites on their Structural Properties Based on Eddy Current Measurements -- New Approaches to 3D Non-Crimp Fabric Manufacturing -- Micromechanical Modelling of the Deformation Mechanisms of Friction-Spun Yarn from Recycled Carbon Fibres -- Tensile Properties of Different Yarn Structures Based on Recycled Carbon Fibre for Sustainable Thermoset Composites -- Computational Evaluation of Weaving Process on Mechanical Stiffness of Plain Weave Fabric -- Development of a Process to Continuously Mercerise Loose-Stock Cotton -- Comfort Properties and Antimicrobial Activity of Cotton and Nylon/PU Knits Treated with Microcapsules Containing Sea Buckthorn Oil -- Chapter 2: Smart Textile and Functional Clothing -- Weft-Knitted Strain Sensors for Motion Capture -- Quantifying the Human Perception: Development and Characterization of Textile-Based Capacitive Strain and Pressure Sensors -- Energy Consumption during the Wearing of Pantyhose -- Enhanced Side-Illumination of Etched Polymer Optical Fiber (POF)-Incorporated Woven Polyester (PET) Fabrics -- Environmentally Friendly Protective Coating for Electrically Conductive Yarns Using in Smart Textiles. , Influence of Linear Density of Polyamide Plating Yarn on the Usage and Comfort Properties of Men's Cotton Socks -- Performance Properties of Swimwear Fabrics Produced from Polyester and Recycled Polyester Fiber -- Chapter 3: Measurements, Testing and Monitoring -- Effect Evaluation of Repeated Compression for Tactile Hardening of Cotton Pile Towel by Indentation Test -- Intelligent Identification of Chinese and Australian Merino Wool Fibers Based on Image Recognition -- Neural Network Based Determination of the Degree of Fiber Mixing in Hybrid Yarns and Composites -- In Situ Measurement of Twist Propagation and Yarn Tension with Superconducting Magnetic Bearing Twisting Element for Ring Spinning Process -- Chapter 4: Ecological Aspects of Textile Production -- Use of Rosa Canina Extractions for Ecofriendly Textile Finishing -- Ecological Approaches in Yarn Dyeing -- Influence of Laccase Enzyme on the Biodegradability of Indigo Blue Dyed 100% Cotton Fabrics -- A Standard Terminology for the Description of Fibrous Microplastics from Textiles -- Chapter 5: Supply Chain Management and Training in the Apparel Industry -- Australian Cotton and the Global Apparel Supply Chain: Sustainability Issues in Context -- Developing Training from Industrial Design to Innovative Design in Vietnam -- The Presence and Effectiveness of Training Centres in the Apparel Industry -- Disruptions and Adaptations: Covid-19's Impact on Textile Supply Chain Management -- Chapter 6: Fashion Design and Development of Textile Industry -- The Development of a Base Layer for a Sensorimotor Countermeasure Skinsuit: Garment Comfort and Mobility -- Money Talks, Fashion Walks: A Textile Motif Exploration in Womenswear Using 1960s Rupiah Banknote -- The Aesthetic Factors Shaping Chinese Millennial Consumers' Purchase Intentions of Luxury Pyjamas: Implications for Future Design. , The Intersection of Fashion and Climate: A Comparative Examination of the Australian Fashion and Textile Industry's Approach to Climate Change -- Lightness and Hue Dependencies of Color Difference Thresholds in Textiles under High-Illuminance Conditions -- Keyword Index -- Author Index.

Note: Intro -- Soft Fibrillar Materials -- Contents -- Preface -- List of Contributors -- Section I Small Molecule Gels -- 1 Molecular Gels and their Fibrillar Networks -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Advances and Perspectives for Design of Gelators -- 1.2.1 Analyses of Structure Packing via X-Ray, Synchrotron, and Other Techniques, Including Spectroscopic Tools -- 1.2.2 Chirality as a Tool - Comparisons between Optically Pure and Racemic Gelators and Optically Pure and Racemic Liquids -- 1.2.3 Liquids and their Influence on Gelator Networks -- 1.3 Stimulation of Gelation by Perturbations Other Than Temperature -- 1.3.1 Enzymatic In situ Formation of Gelators and Gels-Potential Biological Applications -- 1.3.2 Ultrasound - Conformational and Aggregation/De-Aggregation Effects -- 1.3.3 Radiation-Induced Gelation and Degelation -- 1.4 Kinetic Models for Following One-Dimensional Growth and Gelation -- 1.5 Advances and Perspectives for a Priori Design of Gelators -- 1.6 Some Final Thoughts -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 2 Engineering of Small-Molecule Gels Based on the Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Fiber Formation -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Fiber Networks of SMGs -- 2.2.1 Nucleation and Growth Mechanism of Fiber Network Formation -- 2.2.2 Single and Multi-Domain Fiber Networks -- 2.2.3 Fiber Branching -- 2.2.4 Structural Characteristics of Fiber Networks -- 2.3 Crystallization of Nanofibers -- 2.3.1 Thermodynamic Driving Force -- 2.3.2 Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Nucleation -- 2.3.3 Crystallographic Mismatch Nucleation Induced Fiber Branching -- 2.3.3.1 Fiber Tip Branching -- 2.3.3.2 Fiber Side Branching -- 2.3.4 Growth and Branching Kinetics of Nanofibers -- 2.4 Strategies for Engineering the Micro/Nano Structure of Fiber Networks -- 2.4.1 Engineering of "Single" Fiber Networks -- 2.4.1.1 Effects of Supersaturation/Super Cooling on Fiber Branching. , 2.4.1.2 Additive-Mediated Fiber Branching -- 2.4.2 Engineering of Multi-Domain Fiber Networks -- 2.4.2.1 Manipulating Fiber Network by Controlling Primary Nucleation -- 2.4.2.2 Switching between Multi-Domain Fiber Networks and Interconnecting Fiber Networks -- 2.4.2.3 Kinetically Controlled Homogenization of Fiber Networks -- 2.4.2.4 Engineering Multi-Domain Fiber Networks by Volume Confinement -- 2.5 Engineering the Macroscopic Properties of Gels by Design of Fiber Networks -- 2.5.1 Improving the Elasticity of a Material by Controlling the Primary Nucleation of the Gelator -- 2.5.2 Improving the Elasticity of a Material by Enhancing Fiber Branching -- 2.5.3 Improving the Elasticity of a Material by Converting its Multi-Domain Network into an Interconnecting ("Single") Fiber Network -- 2.6 Conclusions -- References -- 3 Applications of Small-Molecule Gels - Drug Delivery -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Hydrogels in Pharmaceutical Applications -- 3.2.1 Drug Carriers -- 3.2.2 Drug-Derivatized Small-Molecular Hydrogelators -- 3.2.3 Drug-Gelator Conjugates -- 3.3 Organogels in Pharmaceutical Applications -- 3.3.1 Dermal and Transdermal Formulation -- 3.3.2 Parenteral Depot Formulation -- 3.3.3 Oral Formulation -- 3.4 Organogel Delivery of Bioactive Factors in Regenerative Medicine -- 3.5 Future Directions: Hybrid Organogels -- 3.6 Conclusion -- References -- 4 Molecular Gels for Tissue Engineering -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Low-Molecular-Weight Gelators and Molecular Gels -- 4.3 Self-Assembly and Gel Structures -- 4.4 Applications of Hydrogels in Tissue Engineering -- 4.4.1 Peptide-Based Molecular Gels -- 4.4.1.1 Self-Complementary Alternating Amphiphilic Peptides -- 4.4.1.2 Peptide Amphiphiles -- 4.4.2 Saccharide-Based Molecular Gels -- 4.4.3 Lipid-Based Molecular Gels -- 4.4.4 Nucleobase-Based Molecular Gels. , 4.4.4.1 Nucleobases and Hybrid Biomolecules Containing Nucleobases -- 4.4.4.2 Nucleic Acid Chains -- 4.5 Summary -- List of Abbreviations -- Appendix: Gelators and their Potential Use and Applications -- References -- 5 Molecular Gels for Controlled Formation of Micro-/Nano-Structures -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Structure of Metal/Transition Metal Oxide and Sulfate -- 5.2.1 Silica Nanofibers and Nanotubes -- 5.2.2 Silica Nanoparticles -- 5.2.3 Nanofibers/Tubes of Metal/Transition Metal Oxide and Sulfate -- 5.3 Metallic Nanostructures -- 5.3.1 Silver and Gold Nanoparticles -- 5.3.2 Silver and Gold Nanowires -- 5.4 Controlled Formation of Organic and Composite Structures -- 5.5 Controlling Crystal Growth of Pharmaceutical Substances -- 5.6 Conclusions and Perspectives -- References -- Section II Natural Silk Fibrous Materials -- 6 Spider Silk: Structure, Engineering, and Applications -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Mechanical Design of Spider Silk -- 6.2.1 Hierarchical Structure of Spider Silk -- 6.2.2 Strain Hardening of Spider Dragline Silk -- 6.2.3 Environmental Effects on the Mechanical Properties of Spider Silk -- 6.2.3.1 Supercontraction of Spider Draglines -- 6.2.3.2 Tough Silk at Low Temperature -- 6.3 Mimicking Spider Silk -- 6.3.1 Genetic Engineering -- 6.3.1.1 Silk Proteins from Mammalian Cells -- 6.3.1.2 Harvesting "Spider Silk" from Silkworms -- 6.3.2 Modification of Spinning Conditions -- 6.3.2.1 Crystallite Size -- 6.3.2.2 Orientation Distribution -- 6.3.2.3 Intercrystallite Distance -- 6.3.3 Tougher Silk than Natural Spider Silk -- 6.4 Applications -- 6.4.1 Tissue Engineering -- 6.4.2 Drug Delivery -- 6.4.3 Technical Applications -- References -- 7 Functionalization of Colored/Fluorescent Silkworm Silk Fibrous Materials -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Legend and History of Silkworm Silk -- 7.3 The Structure of Silkworm Silk. , 7.4 Functionalization of Silkworm Silk -- 7.4.1 Colored/Fluorescent Silkworm Silk -- 7.4.1.1 Genetic Engineering -- 7.4.1.2 Nanoparticles -- 7.4.1.3 Dieting -- 7.4.2 Optical Limiting Silkworm Silk Films -- 7.4.3 Two-Photon Fluorescent Silkworm Silk Fibers -- 7.4.3.1 Two-Photon Absorption Cross-Section of Designed Organic Molecules -- 7.4.3.2 Two-Photon Fluorescence Quantum Yield of Designed Organic Molecules -- 7.4.3.3 Two-Photon Fluorescence Silk in Application of Bio-Imaging -- 7.4.4 Nano- and Micro-Patterning of Silk Fibroin Films for Biomedical Optical Applications -- 7.4.5 Construction of Structural Color to Silk Fabrics -- 7.5 Summary and Outlook -- References -- Section III Smart Fibers -- 8 Flexible Nanogenerator and Nano-Pressure Sensor Based on Nanofiber Web of PVDF and its Copolymers -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Electrospinning Mechanism and Set-up -- 8.3 Nanofiber Web -- 8.3.1 Preparation and Characterization of PVDF Nanofiber Fabric under Varied Conditions -- 8.3.1.1 Morphology and Diameter Distribution of PVDF Nanofiber -- 8.3.1.2 Crystalline Structure of PVDF Nanofibers -- 8.3.2 Nanofiber Web of PVDF with CaCl2 and Carbon Nanotube -- 8.3.3 Nanofiber of Copolymer P(VDF-TrFE) -- 8.4 Piezoelectric Properties of Electrospun Web of PVDF and its Copolymer -- 8.4.1 Piezoelectricity of PVDF Web under Different Electrospinning Conditions -- 8.4.2 Origin of Piezoelectricity in Electrospun Nanofiber Web -- 8.5 Flexible Devices -- 8.5.1 PVDF Web-Based Sensor -- 8.5.2 Touch Sensor Based on a PVDF Electrospun Web with CaCl2 and CNTs -- 8.5.3 Force Sensors Based on Copolymer P(VDF-TrFE) with Different VDF -- 8.5.4 Nanogenerator Based on Electrospun PVDF Nanofiber Web -- 8.6 Conclusion -- References -- 9 Electrospun Nanofibers for Regenerative Medicine -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Electrospinning of Nanofibers -- 9.2.1 Setup and Principle. , 9.2.2 Materials Consideration -- 9.2.3 Incorporation of Bioactive Molecules -- 9.2.4 Degradation Characteristics -- 9.2.5 Mechanical Properties -- 9.2.6 Cell Infiltration -- 9.3 Controlling the Alignment of Nanofibers -- 9.3.1 Alignment Caused by Mechanical Forces -- 9.3.2 Alignment Caused by Electrostatic Forces -- 9.3.3 Alignment Caused by Magnetic Forces -- 9.4 Nanofiber Scaffolds with Complex Architectures -- 9.4.1 Stacked Arrays of Nanofibers -- 9.4.2 Conduits Assembled from Nanofibers -- 9.5 Applications in Regenerative Medicine -- 9.5.1 Nerve Injury Repair -- 9.5.2 Dura Mater Repair -- 9.5.3 Tendon/Ligament Repair -- 9.5.4 Tendon-to-Bone Insertion Site Repair -- 9.6 Concluding Remarks -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Index.

Note: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- 1 Introduction -- Abstract -- 1.1 Overview of DNA Biosensing -- 1.2 Overview of Quantum Dots -- 1.2.1 Optical Property -- 1.2.2 Electrochemiluminescence Property -- 1.2.3 Electrochemical and Photoelectrochemical Property -- References -- 2 Quantum Dots -- Abstract -- 2.1 Traditional Quantum Dots -- 2.2 New Emerging Quantum Dots -- 2.2.1 Silicon Dots -- 2.2.2 Carbon Dots -- 2.2.3 Metal Nanoclusters -- 2.3 Preparation and Functionalization -- 2.3.1 Cadmium-Based Quantum Dots -- 2.3.2 Cadmium-Free Quantum Dots -- 2.3.3 Metal Nanoclusters -- 2.3.4 Quantum Dot Bioconjugation -- References -- 3 Quantum Dot-Fluorescence-Based Biosensing -- Abstract -- 3.1 QDs for DNA Analysis -- 3.1.1 Main Types for DNA Detection -- 3.1.2 Multiplex DNA Detection -- 3.2 QDs for RNA Detection -- 3.2.1 Direct Fluorescence Labeling -- 3.2.2 Foster (or Fluorescence) Resonance Energy Transfer System -- 3.2.3 Sensing Based on DNA-Scaffolded Metal Nanoclusters -- 3.2.4 Sensing Based on Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization -- 3.3 QDs for DNA Microarrays -- References -- 4 Quantum Dot-Electrochemiluminescence-Based Biosensing -- Abstract -- 4.1 ECL Mechanism of QDs -- 4.1.1 ECL of Semiconductor QDs -- 4.1.2 ECL of GQDs -- 4.2 QDs ECL for DNA Biosensing -- 4.2.1 QDs ECL for DNA Analysis -- 4.2.2 QDs ECL for Aptasensor Analysis -- References -- 5 Quantum Dot-Electrochemical and Photoelectrochemical Biosensing -- Abstract -- 5.1 QDs as Electrochemical Labels -- 5.1.1 The Electrochemical Behavior of QDs -- 5.1.2 The Electrochemical DNA Analysis of QDs -- 5.1.3 The Electrochemical Aptamer Analysis of QDs -- 5.2 QDs for Photoelectrochemical Analysis -- References.

Note: Front Cover -- Spatial Cognitive Engine Technology -- Spatial Cognitive Engine Technology -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- 1 - Cognitive radio -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Concept of cognitive radio -- 1.3 Characteristics of cognitive radio technology -- References -- 2 - Cognitive engine technology -- 2.1 Conceptual connotation of the cognitive engine -- 2.2 Functions of cognitive engine -- 2.2.1 Cognitive cycle -- 2.2.1.1 Concept of cognitive cycle -- 2.2.1.2 Introduction to modules in cognitive cycle -- 2.2.1.3 Cognitive cycle and cognitive engine -- 2.2.1.4 Cognitive radio system level -- 2.2.2 Cognitive engine function model -- 2.3 Typical cognitive engine model -- 2.3.1 Cognitive engine of the Wireless Communication Center of Virginia Institute of Technology -- 2.3.2 Cognitive engine of US Department of Defense Communication Science Laboratory -- References -- 3 - Artificial intelligence technology -- 3.1 Artificial intelligence concept -- 3.1.1 Intelligence concept -- 3.1.2 Smart autonomy concept -- 3.2 Spacecraft intelligent autonomy level -- 3.3 Development and direction of artificial intelligence -- 3.3.1 Artificial intelligence development stage -- 3.3.2 Artificial intelligence development direction -- 3.3.3 Artificial intelligence development forecast -- References -- 4 - Requirements and challenges of space artificial intelligence -- 4.1 Space system demand for artificial intelligence technology applications -- 4.1.1 Space intelligent perception needs -- 4.1.2 Space intelligent decision-making and control requirements -- 4.1.3 Space cluster intelligence needs -- 4.1.4 Space intelligent interaction requirements -- 4.1.5 Space intelligent design requirements -- 4.2 Challenges to and solutions for application of artificial intelligence in aerospace -- 4.2.1 Hardware level -- 4.2.2 Software level -- 4.2.3 System level -- References. , 5 - Cognitive engine design based on artificial intelligence -- 5.1 Artificial intelligence technology at different cognitive stages -- 5.1.1 Environment perception and information storage stage -- 5.1.1.1 Knowledge representation -- 5.1.1.2 Expert system -- 5.1.2 Cognitive learning and reasoning stage -- 5.1.2.1 Genetic algorithm -- 5.1.2.2 Neural network -- 5.1.2.3 Fuzzy logic -- 5.1.3 Cognitive decision-making and adjustment stage -- 5.2 Cognitive engine architecture design based on artificial intelligence technology -- 5.2.1 System architecture -- 5.2.2 Information collection and rule derivation in inference and learning stages -- 5.3 Cognitive engine algorithm design based on artificial intelligence technology -- 5.3.1 Rule-based reasoning engine -- 5.3.2 Reconstruction decision-making algorithm combining inference and learning -- References -- 6 - Typical applications of cognitive engines -- 6.1 Multiobjective optimization and genetic algorithm -- 6.1.1 Mathematical model of multiobjective optimization problem -- 6.1.2 Pareto optimization -- 6.1.3 Basic genetic algorithm -- 6.1.4 Genetic algorithm based on target weight -- 6.1.5 Noninferior hierarchical genetic algorithm -- 6.2 Design of cognitive engine based on genetic algorithm -- 6.2.1 Cognitive engine optimization model -- 6.2.2 Choice of objective function -- 6.2.3 Relationship between optimization parameters and objective function -- 6.3 Case reasoning overview -- 6.3.1 Basic idea of case-based reasoning -- 6.3.2 Feasibility analysis of case-based reasoning in cognitive engine -- 6.4 Case reasoning design in cognitive engine -- 6.4.1 Case structure design -- 6.4.2 Case selection and retrieval -- 6.4.3 Case library maintenance -- 6.4.4 Genetic algorithm-case-based reasoning algorithm flow -- References -- 7 - Cognitive engine knowledge base design -- 7.1 Role of knowledge base. , 7.2 Data table structure design of knowledge base -- 7.2.1 Short-term knowledge base -- 7.2.1.1 Spectrum sensing energy value table -- 7.2.1.2 Spectrum sensing channel occupancy table -- 7.2.1.3 Short-term statistical information table -- 7.2.1.4 Short-term frequency point probability table -- 7.2.1.5 Short-term unavailable frequency band and noise frequency band table -- 7.2.1.6 Inference decision frequency hopping table -- 7.2.2 Long-term knowledge base -- 7.2.2.1 Case library table -- 7.2.2.2 Long-term unavailable frequency band and noise frequency band table -- 7.2.2.3 Long-term frequency point probability table -- References -- 8 - Hybrid inference integration mechanism based on data drive -- 8.1 Hybrid inference integration mechanism based on data drive -- 8.1.1 Dynamic and uncertain characteristics of intelligent decision-making -- 8.1.2 Mental patterns of human reasoning ability -- 8.1.3 Hybrid inference integration mechanism based on data drive -- 8.2 Service-oriented architecture-based inference engine framework design -- 8.2.1 Flexible design thinking -- 8.2.2 Overall design of system framework -- 8.2.3 Hierarchical design of system framework -- 8.2.4 System topology -- References -- 9 - Object-oriented knowledge representation -- 9.1 The data, information, knowledge, wisdom hierarchical model of knowledge -- 9.2 Concept of knowledge representation -- 9.3 Object-oriented knowledge representation -- 9.3.1 Object-oriented concept -- 9.3.2 Analysis of new object-oriented knowledge representation methods -- 9.3.3 The basic idea of object-oriented knowledge base construction -- References -- 10 - Basic theory and technology of reasoning engine -- 10.1 Rule-based reasoning -- 10.1.1 Basic process -- 10.1.2 Knowledge representation -- 10.1.3 Reasoning engine -- 10.1.4 Analysis of advantages and disadvantages -- 10.2 Case reasoning. , 10.2.1 Basic process -- 10.2.2 Knowledge representation -- 10.2.3 Reasoning engine -- 10.2.3.1 Nearest-neighbor approach -- 10.2.3.2 Inductive approach -- 10.2.3.3 Knowledge-based indexing approach -- 10.2.4 Analysis of advantages and disadvantages -- 10.2.4.1 Easy access to knowledge -- 10.2.4.2 High solution ability -- 10.2.4.3 Results are easy to interpret -- 10.2.4.4 Wide range of applications -- 10.2.4.5 Easy case maintenance -- 10.2.4.6 Incremental self-learning -- 10.2.4.7 Fast running speed -- 10.3 Comparison between rule-based reasoning and case-based reasoning -- 10.4 Distributed technology -- 10.4.1 MapReduce parallel programming model -- 10.4.2 Hadoop platform implementation -- References -- 11 - Spacecraft -- 11.1 Overview -- 11.2 Satellite remote sensing -- 11.2.1 Characteristics of satellite remote sensing -- 11.2.1.1 Unrestricted by national borders, the observation range is large -- 11.2.1.2 It is convenient for dynamic observation, and the cycle can be designed -- 11.2.1.3 The wide range of applications saves people and property -- 11.2.2 Basic theory of electromagnetic radiation -- 11.2.2.1 Solar radiation -- 11.2.2.2 Blackbody radiation -- 11.2.2.2.1 Stefan-Boltzmann law -- 11.2.2.2.2 Wien's displacement law -- 11.2.2.2.3 Planck's radiation law -- 11.2.2.2.4 Kirchhoff's law -- 11.2.3 Satellite remote sensing classification -- 11.2.3.1 Division from perspective of electromagnetic spectrum -- 11.2.3.2 From the perspective of technical means -- 11.2.3.3 Divide from the perspective of application objects -- 11.2.4 Typical parameters of satellite remote sensing -- 11.2.4.1 Spatial resolution -- 11.2.4.2 Spectral resolution -- 11.2.4.3 Time resolution -- 11.3 Satellite communications -- 11.3.1 Characteristics of satellite communication -- 11.3.1.1 Wide coverage area and large communication capacity. , 11.3.1.2 The communication distance is long and there is a transmission delay -- 11.3.2 Orbital location and frequency resources -- 11.3.3 Basic principle of satellite communications -- 11.3.4 Classification of satellite communications systems -- 11.3.5 Basic parameters of satellite communications -- 11.3.5.1 Equivalent isotropic radiated power -- 11.3.5.2 Noise figure and equivalent noise temperature -- 11.3.5.3 Carrier-to-noise ratio -- 11.3.5.4 Saturation flux density of satellite transponder -- 11.3.5.5 System bit error ratio -- 11.4 Satellite navigation -- 11.4.1 Features of satellite navigation -- 11.4.1.1 24-7 service -- 11.4.1.2 Simple applications and wide influence -- 11.4.1.3 Time-space benchmark military-civilian integration -- 11.4.2 Principle of satellite navigation -- 11.4.3 Classification of satellite navigation systems -- 11.4.3.1 Doppler frequency shift measurement system -- 11.4.3.2 Active pseudodistance measurement system -- 11.4.3.3 Passive pseudodistance measurement system -- 11.4.4 Basic parameters of satellite navigation -- References -- 12 - Compound knowledge mining -- 12.1 Data mining -- 12.1.1 Concept of data mining -- 12.1.2 Steps of data mining -- 12.1.3 Data mining methods -- 12.1.3.1 Correlation analysis -- 12.1.3.2 Granger causality test -- 12.1.3.3 Forecast analysis -- 12.2 Text mining -- 12.2.1 Concept of text mining -- 12.2.2 Steps of text mining -- 12.2.3 Text mining technology -- 12.2.3.1 Text correlation analysis -- 12.2.3.2 Reduced error pruning tree decision tree -- 12.3 Summary of chapter -- References -- 13 - Machine learning algorithm for cognitive engine -- 13.1 Artificial intelligence: endowing human intelligence to machines -- 13.2 Machine learning: a method to realize artificial intelligence -- 13.3 Deep learning: a technology to realize machine learning. , 13.4 Reinforcement learning: self-evolution mechanism of learning feedback.

Note: Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- List of Tables and Illustrations -- Tables -- Figures -- Photos in Photospread -- -- Introduction -- Acknowledgments -- Chapter 1: The Characteristics of and Problems with Chinese Society's Recovery Measures: Following the Wenchuan Earthquakes -- The Law of the People's Republic of China on Protecting against and Mitigating Earthquake Disasters -- The Wenchuan County Earthquake Recovery and Reconstruction Ordinance and the National Wenchuan County Earthquake Recovery and Reconstruction Comprehensive Plan -- Policy of "Pairing Support (One-to-One Support)" -- 2008, "China's NGO Year One" -- The Various Problems Involved in Reconstructing People's Lives -- Conclusion -- Notes -- Japanese References -- Chinese References -- English References -- Chapter 2: The Role of Post-disaster NGOs in the 2008 Wenchuan and 2013 Lushan Earthquakes in Sichuan in P.R. China: A Case Study of Grassroots Mental Support NGOs -- China's NGOs -- Previous Research on Disaster-Relief Activities -- The Wenchuan Earthquake in Sichuan, May 12, 2008 -- The Activities Of The Grassroots Ngo Mother House In The Sichuan Great Earthquake And The Activities Of The Ngo Chengdu One-day For Social Work Service Center Derived From It -- Stage 1: The Activities of the Nationwide Psychological Assistance Federation in the Emergency-Response Period -- Stage 2: Activities in the Restoration and Recovery Period -- Activities carried out by the Mother House in the temporary housing (from September 2008 to September 2009) -- Activities at Mother House's Rented Office7 (June 2009 to the Present) -- The Chengdu One-Day for Social Work Service Center Carries Out Its Activities from a Government Office (April 25, 2011 to the present day) -- Considerations of Their Activities -- The Sichuan Lushan Earthquake, April 20, 2013. , The Conditions of the NGOs' Activities -- Disaster-Relief Activities after the April 20th Earthquake of 2013 -- Stage 1 Activities: April 20, 2013, to April 23, 2013 (Emergency-Response Stage of the First 72 Hours Following the Earthquake) -- Stage 2 Activities: April 24, 2013, to May 3, 2013 (Emergency-Response Stage of the Two Weeks after the Earthquake) -- Stage 3 Activities: May 4, 2013, to July 20, 2013 (the Three Months after the Earthquake) -- Experience of the Sichuan's Lushan Earthquake of April 20, 2013, as seen from the Wenchuan Earthquake of May 12, 2008 -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgment -- Notes -- Japanese References -- English References -- Chinese References -- Newspaper and Internet references -- Chapter 3: Mental Care for Occupants of a Welfare Facility for Older Adults in the Disaster-Affected Area of Sichuan -- Aging Population in Sichuan Province -- Circumstances of Older Adults Affected by Disasters -- Purpose of This Research -- Previous Research -- Vulnerability of Older Adults in Disasters -- Impact of Natural Disasters on Older Adults -- Support for Affected Older Adults -- Summary of Previous Research and Objective of This Study -- Field Survey -- Survey Method and Ethical Considerations -- Selection and Attributes of Survey Participants -- Survey Data Analysis Procedure -- Overview of Survey Site and Reasons for Selection -- Survey Results -- First-Stage Observations -- Observations of the Field Environment -- Observations of Interviewees -- Second-Stage Interviews -- Comfort for Loneliness -- Discussing Concerns -- Alleviation of a Fear of an Earthquake Disaster -- Discussion -- Status of Mental Care for Older Adults Affected by the Disaster -- Need for Active Support -- Providing Care according to Individual Life Experience -- Conclusions -- Limitations of This Study -- Concluding Thoughts: Suggestions for Japan. , Japanese References -- Chinese References -- English Reference -- Internet Reference -- Chapter 4: Disaster Prevention Education in Dark Tourism: The Beichuan National Earthquake Ruins Museum -- What Is Dark Tourism? -- Dark Tourism in Natural Disaster Sites -- Dark Tourism and Disaster Prevention Education on Natural Disasters -- Viewpoints and Purpose of This Study -- Field Survey -- Beichuan Qiang Autonomous County and Beichuan National Earthquake Ruins Museum -- Survey Method -- Survey Results -- Situation at Beichuan National Earthquake Ruins Museum -- Content Analysis of Interview Data -- Opinions on the Preservation of Earthquake Ruins Related to the Development of Dark Tourism -- Motivations for Tourism -- Changes in Awareness about Earthquakes through Dark Tourism -- Changes in Attitudes toward the Disaster That Occurred through Dark Tourism -- Thoughts Regarding Disaster Prevention Education through Dark Tourism -- Future Developments in Dark Tourism -- Future Development of Disaster Prevention Education -- Results -- Discussion -- Status of Dark Tourism in Beichuan County -- Exhibits at the Beichuan National Earthquake Ruins Museum -- Those Who Did Not Experience the Earthquake -- Those Who Experienced the Earthquake -- Concluding Remarks -- Conclusion -- Limitations and Issues -- Acknowledgments -- Notes -- Japanese References -- Chinese References -- English References -- Chapter 5: Intangible Cultural Properties of the Qiang after the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake: Qiang Year in Mao County -- Section 1: Disasters and Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritage -- What Is intangible Cultural Heritage? -- Disasters and Intangible Cultural Heritage -- Research on the Intangible Cultural Heritage of the Qiang People after the Earthquake in China -- Reconstruction of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of the Qiang People after the Earthquake. , Protection Measures -- Tourism Development -- Problems Faced in Protecting the Qiang People's Intangible Cultural Heritage -- Reflections on the Protection of the Qiang People's Intangible Cultural Heritage: 11 Years Later -- Section 2: Area Overview and Qiang Year -- Overview of Mao County -- Damage and Reconstruction of Mao County -- Qiang Year -- Disaster Damage to Qiang Year -- Protection Measures for Intangible Cultural Heritage such as Qiang Year -- Legal Development -- Development -- Preservation -- Tradition -- Section 3: Field Survey -- Survey Method, Content, and Purpose -- Survey Subjects -- Section 4: Survey Results and Discussion -- Changes in Qiang Year Based on the 2020 Event -- Time and Place -- Participants -- Ritual Content -- Impact of Reconstruction on Qiang Culture such as Qiang Year -- Lack of Independence among the Public in the Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritage -- Increase in Female Qiang Participants -- Cultural Reconstruction and Building Regional Resilience -- Changes in Methods of Protecting Intangible Folk Cultural Properties in the Digital Era -- Comparison with the Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritage after the Great East Japan Earthquake -- Conclusion -- Notes -- Japanese References -- Chinese References -- English References -- Internet Reference -- Chapter 6: History of Social Disaster Prevention after the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake: Practice of Disaster Prevention Education in Schools and Community Disaster Prevention -- Disaster Prevention Education in Schools -- Lack of Disaster Prevention Education: An Issue in the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake -- Prominent School Damage During the Earthquake -- What Is Disaster Prevention Education? -- Advocacy for Disaster Prevention Education in the International Community -- Search for Disaster Prevention Education. , Surveys at School Sites: Four Schools with Different Disaster Histories and Educational Standards -- Survey Outline -- Four Schools -- Survey Content -- Changes in Disaster Prevention Education in Schools -- Disaster Prevention Education Methods -- Textbooks -- Attitudes toward Disaster Prevention Education -- Collaboration between Schools and External Organizations: Partners, Conditions, and Characteristics -- Difficulties at Disaster Prevention Education Sites -- Participation of NGOs in Disaster Prevention Education: The Well-Known Disaster NGO, "One Foundation" -- Disaster NGO One Foundation -- Innovations to Promote Social Participation -- Problems Regarding Disaster Prevention Education Activities -- Community Disaster Prevention -- Appearance and Increase in Disaster Prevention Communities -- Reduction of Social Vulnerability and Community Disaster Prevention -- Communities in China -- Government Actions over Community Disaster Prevention after the Earthquake -- From the Creation of "Disaster Preventing Communities" to the Promotion of "Community Disaster Prevention" -- Community Disaster Prevention in Urbanization -- Disaster Prevention in the Relocation Community of Xinfeng due to Land Adjustment -- Disaster Prevention in the Earthquake Recovery Community: Erma -- From Current Community Disaster Prevention to the Next Stage -- Awareness of Community Affiliation after Relocation -- Gender Perspectives and Activities of Middle-Aged and Older People -- Re-evaluating Who Are Vulnerable to Disasters -- From Disaster Prevention Experience to the COVID-19 Response -- Relationship between Public, Mutual, and Self-Help in Community Disaster Prevention -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- Notes -- Japanese References -- Chinese References -- English References -- Afterword/Epilogue -- Appendix 1. , National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience.

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