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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Impact of postoperative non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on adverse events after gastrointestinal surgery
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2014
    In:  British Journal of Surgery Vol. 101, No. 11 ( 2014-09-08), p. 1413-1423
    Details
    In: British Journal of Surgery, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 101, No. 11 ( 2014-09-08), p. 1413-1423
    Abstract: Recent evidence has suggested an association between postoperative non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and increased operation-specific complications. This study aimed to determine the safety profile following gastrointestinal surgery across a multicentre setting in the UK. Methods This multicentre study was carried out during a 2-week interval in September–October 2013. Consecutive adults undergoing elective or emergency gastrointestinal resection were included. The study was powered to detect a 10 per cent increase in major complications (grade III–V according to the Dindo–Clavien classification). The effect of administration of NSAIDs on the day of surgery or the following 2 days was risk-adjusted using propensity score matching and multivariable logistic regression to produce adjusted odds ratios (ORs). The type of NSAID and the dose were registered. Results Across 109 centres, early postoperative NSAIDs were administered to 242 (16·1 per cent) of 1503 patients. Complications occurred in 981 patients (65·3 per cent), which were major in 257 (17·1 per cent) and minor (Dindo–Clavien grade I–II) in 724 (48·2 per cent). Propensity score matching created well balanced groups. Treatment with NSAIDs was associated with a reduction in overall complications (OR 0·72, 95 per cent confidence interval 0·52 to 0·99; P = 0·041). This effect predominately comprised a reduction in minor complications with high-dose NSAIDs (OR 0·57, 0·39 to 0·89; P = 0·009). Conclusion Early use of NSAIDs is associated with a reduction in postoperative adverse events following major gastrointestinal surgery.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0007-1323 , 1365-2168
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/bjs.9614
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2006309-X
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The MeerKAT Galaxy Cluster Legacy Survey : I. Survey Overview and Highlights
    EDP Sciences ; 2022
    In:  Astronomy & Astrophysics Vol. 657 ( 2022-01), p. A56-
    Details
    In: Astronomy & Astrophysics, EDP Sciences, Vol. 657 ( 2022-01), p. A56-
    Abstract: MeerKAT’s large number (64) of 13.5 m diameter antennas, spanning 8 km with a densely packed 1 km core, create a powerful instrument for wide-area surveys, with high sensitivity over a wide range of angular scales. The MeerKAT Galaxy Cluster Legacy Survey (MGCLS) is a programme of long-track MeerKAT L -band (900−1670 MHz) observations of 115 galaxy clusters, observed for ∼6−10 h each in full polarisation. The first legacy product data release (DR1), made available with this paper, includes the MeerKAT visibilities, basic image cubes at ∼8″ resolution, and enhanced spectral and polarisation image cubes at ∼8″ and 15″ resolutions. Typical sensitivities for the full-resolution MGCLS image products range from ∼3−5 μJy beam −1 . The basic cubes are full-field and span 2° × 2°. The enhanced products consist of the inner 1.2° × 1.2° field of view, corrected for the primary beam. The survey is fully sensitive to structures up to ∼10′ scales, and the wide bandwidth allows spectral and Faraday rotation mapping. Relatively narrow frequency channels (209 kHz) are also used to provide H  I mapping in windows of 0  〈   z   〈  0.09 and 0.19  〈   z   〈  0.48. In this paper, we provide an overview of the survey and the DR1 products, including caveats for usage. We present some initial results from the survey, both for their intrinsic scientific value and to highlight the capabilities for further exploration with these data. These include a primary-beam-corrected compact source catalogue of ∼626 000 sources for the full survey and an optical and infrared cross-matched catalogue for compact sources in the primary-beam-corrected areas of Abell 209 and Abell S295. We examine dust unbiased star-formation rates as a function of cluster-centric radius in Abell 209, extending out to 3.5 R 200 . We find no dependence of the star-formation rate on distance from the cluster centre, and we observe a small excess of the radio-to-100 μm flux ratio towards the centre of Abell 209 that may reflect a ram pressure enhancement in the denser environment. We detect diffuse cluster radio emission in 62 of the surveyed systems and present a catalogue of the 99 diffuse cluster emission structures, of which 56 are new. These include mini-halos, halos, relics, and other diffuse structures for which no suitable characterisation currently exists. We highlight some of the radio galaxies that challenge current paradigms, such as trident-shaped structures, jets that remain well collimated far beyond their bending radius, and filamentary features linked to radio galaxies that likely illuminate magnetic flux tubes in the intracluster medium. We also present early results from the H  I analysis of four clusters, which show a wide variety of H  I mass distributions that reflect both sensitivity and intrinsic cluster effects, and the serendipitous discovery of a group in the foreground of Abell 3365.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0004-6361 , 1432-0746
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202141488
    RVK:
    UA 1000
    RVK:
    US 1090
    Language: English
    Publisher: EDP Sciences
    Publication Date: 2022
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    SSG: 16,12
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Measurements beneath an Antarctic ice shelf using an autonomous underwater vehicle
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2006
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters Vol. 33, No. 8 ( 2006)
    Details
    In: Geophysical Research Letters, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 33, No. 8 ( 2006)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0094-8276
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2006GL025998
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021599-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 7403-2
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    General discussion
    Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) ; 1993
    In:  Faraday Discussions Vol. 95 ( 1993), p. 367-
    Details
    In: Faraday Discussions, Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC), Vol. 95 ( 1993), p. 367-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1359-6640 , 1364-5498
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1039/fd9939500367
    Language: English
    Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
    Publication Date: 1993
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1472891-6
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    General discussion
    Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) ; 1993
    In:  Faraday Discussions Vol. 95 ( 1993), p. 253-
    Details
    In: Faraday Discussions, Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC), Vol. 95 ( 1993), p. 253-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1359-6640 , 1364-5498
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1039/fd9939500253
    Language: English
    Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
    Publication Date: 1993
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1472891-6
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Interannual variability of Arctic sea ice export into the East Greenland Current
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2010
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans Vol. 115, No. C12 ( 2010-12)
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 115, No. C12 ( 2010-12)
    Abstract: Observations since the 1950s suggest that the Arctic climate system is changing in response to rising global air temperatures. These changes include an intensified hydrological cycle, Arctic sea ice decline, and increasing Greenland glacial melt. Here we use new δ 18 O data from the East Greenland Current system at Cape Farewell and Denmark Strait to determine the relative proportions of the freshwater components within the East Greenland Current and East Greenland Coastal Current. Through the comparison of these new data with historical studies, we gain insight into the changing Arctic freshwater balance. We detect three key shifts in the net freshwater component δ 18 O values, these are (1) a shift to lighter values in the late 1990s that possibly indicates an increased Greenland glacial melt or a reduced sea ice melt admixture and (2) a short‐term shift to a ∼10‰ heavier value in 2005 followed by (3) a shift back to the historic average value in 2008. The latter fluctuation reflects a short‐term dramatic rise and fall of sea ice meltwater addition into the East Greenland Current system. We infer that this anomalously large inclusion of sea ice meltwater resulted from a short‐term peak in Arctic sea ice export via Fram Strait. Our findings, therefore, suggest that the freshwater carried in the East Greenland Current system is susceptible to short‐term, high‐amplitude changes in the upstream freshwater balance, which may have important ramifications for the global thermohaline circulation through the suppression of deep water formation in the North Atlantic.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2010JC006227
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2033040-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094104-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2130824-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016813-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016810-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403298-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016800-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161666-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161667-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2969341-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161665-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094268-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 710256-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016804-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094181-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094219-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094167-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2220777-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094197-0
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Pathways and modification of warm water flowing beneath Thwaites Ice Shelf, West Antarctica
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) ; 2021
    In:  Science Advances Vol. 7, No. 15 ( 2021-04-09)
    Details
    In: Science Advances, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), Vol. 7, No. 15 ( 2021-04-09)
    Abstract: Thwaites Glacier is the most rapidly changing outlet of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet and adds large uncertainty to 21st century sea-level rise predictions. Here, we present the first direct observations of ocean temperature, salinity, and oxygen beneath Thwaites Ice Shelf front, collected by an autonomous underwater vehicle. On the basis of these data, pathways and modification of water flowing into the cavity are identified. Deep water underneath the central ice shelf derives from a previously underestimated eastern branch of warm water entering the cavity from Pine Island Bay. Inflow of warm and outflow of melt-enriched waters are identified in two seafloor troughs to the north. Spatial property gradients highlight a previously unknown convergence zone in one trough, where different water masses meet and mix. Our observations show warm water impinging from all sides on pinning points critical to ice-shelf stability, a scenario that may lead to unpinning and retreat.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2375-2548
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abd7254
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2810933-8
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Increasing vertical mixing to reduce Southern Ocean deep convection in NEMO3.4
    Copernicus GmbH ; 2015
    In:  Geoscientific Model Development Vol. 8, No. 10 ( 2015-10-06), p. 3119-3130
    Details
    In: Geoscientific Model Development, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. 8, No. 10 ( 2015-10-06), p. 3119-3130
    Abstract: Abstract. Most CMIP5 (Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5) models unrealistically form Antarctic Bottom Water by open ocean deep convection in the Weddell and Ross seas. To identify the mechanisms triggering Southern Ocean deep convection in models, we perform sensitivity experiments on the ocean model NEMO3.4 forced by prescribed atmospheric fluxes. We vary the vertical velocity scale of the Langmuir turbulence, the fraction of turbulent kinetic energy transferred below the mixed layer, and the background diffusivity and run short simulations from 1980. All experiments exhibit deep convection in the Riiser-Larsen Sea in 1987; the origin is a positive sea ice anomaly in 1985, causing a shallow anomaly in mixed layer depth, hence anomalously warm surface waters and subsequent polynya opening. Modifying the vertical mixing impacts both the climatological state and the associated surface anomalies. The experiments with enhanced mixing exhibit colder surface waters and reduced deep convection. The experiments with decreased mixing give warmer surface waters, open larger polynyas causing more saline surface waters and have deep convection across the Weddell Sea until the simulations end. Extended experiments reveal an increase in the Drake Passage transport of 4 Sv each year deep convection occurs, leading to an unrealistically large transport at the end of the simulation. North Atlantic deep convection is not significantly affected by the changes in mixing parameters. As new climate model overflow parameterisations are developed to form Antarctic Bottom Water more realistically, we argue that models would benefit from stopping Southern Ocean deep convection, for example by increasing their vertical mixing.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1991-9603
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5194/gmd-8-3119-2015
    Language: English
    Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2456725-5
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Warming of waters in an East Greenland fjord prior to glacier retreat: mechanisms and connection to large-scale atmospheric conditions
    Copernicus GmbH ; 2011
    In:  The Cryosphere Vol. 5, No. 3 ( 2011-09-09), p. 701-714
    Details
    In: The Cryosphere, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. 5, No. 3 ( 2011-09-09), p. 701-714
    Abstract: Abstract. Hydrographic data acquired in Kangerdlugssuaq Fjord and adjacent seas in 1993 and 2004 are used together with reanalysis from the NEMO ocean modelling framework to elucidate water-mass change and ice-ocean-atmosphere interactions in East Greenland. The hydrographic data show that the fjord contains warm subtropical waters and that fjord waters in 2004 were considerably warmer than in 1993. The ocean reanalysis shows that the warm properties of fjord waters in 2004 are related to a major peak in oceanic shoreward heat flux into a cross-shelf trough on the outer continental shelf. The heat flux into this trough varies according to seasonal exchanges with the atmosphere as well as from deep seasonal intrusions of subtropical waters. Both mechanisms contribute to high (low) shoreward heat flux when winds from the northeast are weak (strong). The combined effect of surface heating and inflow of subtropical waters is seen in the hydrographic data, which were collected after periods when along-shore coastal winds from the north were strong (1993) and weak (2004). The latter data were furthermore acquired during the early phase of a prolonged retreat of Kangerdlugssuaq Glacier. We show that coastal winds vary according to the pressure gradient defined by a semi-permanent atmospheric high-pressure system over Greenland and a persistent atmospheric low situated near Iceland. The magnitude of this pressure gradient is controlled by longitudinal variability in the position of the Icelandic Low.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1994-0424
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5194/tc-5-701-2011
    Language: English
    Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2393169-3
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Ice-shelf – ocean interactions at Fimbul Ice Shelf, Antarctica from oxygen isotope ratio measurements
    Copernicus GmbH ; 2008
    In:  Ocean Science Vol. 4, No. 1 ( 2008-03-05), p. 89-98
    Details
    In: Ocean Science, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. 4, No. 1 ( 2008-03-05), p. 89-98
    Abstract: Abstract. Melt water from the floating ice shelves at the margins of the southeastern Weddell Sea makes a significant contribution to the fresh water budget of the region. In February 2005 a multi-institution team conducted an oceanographic campaign at Fimbul Ice Shelf on the Greenwich Meridian as part of the Autosub Under Ice programme. This included a mission of the autonomous submarine Autosub 25 km into the cavity beneath Fimbul Ice Shelf, and a number of ship-based hydrographic sections on the continental shelf and adjacent to the ice shelf front. The measurements reveal two significant sources of glacial melt water at Fimbul Ice Shelf: the main cavity under the ice shelf and an ice tongue, Trolltunga, that protrudes from the main ice front and out over the continental slope into deep water. Glacial melt water is concentrated in a 200 m thick Ice Shelf Water (ISW) layer below the base of the ice shelf at 150–200 m, with a maximum glacial melt concentration of up to 1.16%. Some glacial melt is found throughout the water column, and much of this is from sources other than Fimbul Ice Shelf. However, at least 0.2% of the water in the ISW layer cannot be accounted for by other processes and must have been contributed by the ice shelf. Just downstream of Fimbul Ice Shelf we observe locally created ISW mixing out across the continental slope. The ISW formed here is much less dense than that formed in the southwest Weddell Sea, and will ultimately contribute a freshening (and reduction in δ18O) to the upper 100–150 m of the water column in the southeast Weddell Sea.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1812-0792
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5194/os-4-89-2008
    Language: English
    Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
    Publication Date: 2008
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2183769-7
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