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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Lifestyle and Cognitive Decline in Community-Dwelling Stroke Survivors
    IOS Press ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Alzheimer's Disease Vol. 89, No. 2 ( 2022-09-13), p. 745-754
    Details
    In: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, IOS Press, Vol. 89, No. 2 ( 2022-09-13), p. 745-754
    Abstract: Background: Patients with stroke are at a higher risk of cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease dementia. Objective: To quantify the role of lifestyle pre-stroke, post-stroke, and changes in lifestyle before and after stroke with cognitive decline in community-dwelling stroke survivors. Methods: Utilizing data from the Chicago Health and Aging Project, a population-based cohort study, we studied 1,078 individuals with stroke (662 incident and 416 prevalent) who underwent cognitive testing during the study period. A healthy lifestyle score was defined by scoring four behaviors: non-smoking, exercising, being cognitively active, and having a high-quality diet. The global cognitive score was derived from a comprehensive battery of 4 standardized tests. Results: The mean age at incident stroke was 78.2 years, and 60.1% were women. A healthy lifestyle pre-incident stroke was associated with a slower rate of cognitive decline after stroke. Participants with 3–4 healthy lifestyle factors pre-incident stroke had a slower cognitive decline after stroke by 0.046 units/year (95% CI 0.010, 0.083), or 47.7% slower, than participants with 0–1 healthy lifestyle factor. Lifestyle score post-prevalent stroke was not associated with cognitive decline. Changes in lifestyle behaviors from pre- to post-incident stroke were related to cognitive decline after stroke. Individuals who deteriorated their lifestyle quality after stroke had a faster cognitive decline by 0.051 units/year (β –0.051, 95% CI –0.090, –0.012) than participants with no change in lifestyle score. Conclusion: A healthy lifestyle pre-stroke was associated with a slower rate of cognitive decline in stroke survivors, highlighting the importance of primary prevention. After the stroke, changes in lifestyle behaviors may influence the cognitive abilities of older adults as they age.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1387-2877 , 1875-8908
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3233/JAD-220305
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: IOS Press
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2070772-1
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dietary Sugar Intake Associated with a Higher Risk of Dementia in Community-Dwelling Older Adults
    IOS Press ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Alzheimer's Disease Vol. 95, No. 4 ( 2023-10-10), p. 1417-1425
    Details
    In: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, IOS Press, Vol. 95, No. 4 ( 2023-10-10), p. 1417-1425
    Abstract: Background: We have limited evidence for the relationship of high sugar intake with dementia risk. Objective: To determine whether high sugar intake is associated with an increased risk of dementia in community-dwelling older adults Methods: This study included 789 participants of the Rush Memory and Aging Project (community-based longitudinal cohort study of older adults free of known dementia at enrollment), with annual clinical assessments and complete nutrient data (obtained by validated food frequency questionnaire). Clinical diagnosis of dementia is based on the criteria of the joint working group of the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke and the Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders Association. We used Cox proportional hazard models. Results: 118 participants developed dementia during 7.3±3.8 years of follow-up. Those in the highest quintile of total sugar intake were twice as likely to develop dementia than those in the lowest quintile (Q5 versus Q1:HR=2.10 (95% CI: 1.05, 4.19) when adjusted for age, sex, education, APOE ɛ4 allele, calories from sources other than sugar, physical activity, and diet score. Higher percent calories from sugar were positively associated with dementia risk (β=0.042, p = 0.0009). In exploratory analyses, the highest versus lowest quintile of fructose and sucrose in the diet had higher dementia risk by 2.8 (95% CI: 1.38, 5.67) and 1.93 (95% CI: 1.05, 3.54) times, respectively. Conclusions: A higher intake of total sugar or total calories from sugar is associated with increased dementia risk in older adults. Among simple sugars, fructose (e.g., sweetened beverages, snacks, packaged desserts) and sucrose (table sugar in juices, desserts, candies, and commercial cereals) are associated with higher dementia risk.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1387-2877 , 1875-8908
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3233/JAD-230013
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: IOS Press
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2070772-1
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Examination of a Composite Walking Measure on Cognitive Functioning Among Participants in the Chicago Health and Aging Project
    Human Kinetics ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Aging and Physical Activity Vol. 30, No. 2 ( 2022-04-1), p. 187-195
    Details
    In: Journal of Aging and Physical Activity, Human Kinetics, Vol. 30, No. 2 ( 2022-04-1), p. 187-195
    Abstract: This study examined the relationship between walking and cognitive function among Chicago Health and Aging Project participants. Data collection occurred during six 3-year cycles, of which Cycles 4–6 were used for this specific analysis. Information was obtained regarding walking frequency and duration, demographics, chronic conditions, cognitive activities, apolipoprotein E4, physical function, and cognitive function (global and domains). A composite walking measure was developed and categorized as follows: no walking, ≤105 min/week, and 〉 105 min/week. Mixed-effects regression analyses tested associations between walking and global cognitive function, episodic memory, and perceptual speed. The sample consisted of 4,320 participants (African American/Black: 65%; female: 65%; mean education: 13 years; mean age: 75 years). Composite or total walking had a statistically significant association with global cognitive function and perceptual speed, after adjustments were made.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1063-8652 , 1543-267X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1123/japa.2020-0299
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Human Kinetics
    Publication Date: 2022
    SSG: 31
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    MIND Diet, Common Brain Pathologies, and Cognition in Community-Dwelling Older Adults
    IOS Press ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Alzheimer's Disease Vol. 83, No. 2 ( 2021-09-14), p. 683-692
    Details
    In: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, IOS Press, Vol. 83, No. 2 ( 2021-09-14), p. 683-692
    Abstract: Background: MIND diet, a hybrid of the Mediterranean diet and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet, is associated with a slower cognitive decline and lower risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) dementia in older adults. Objective: We aim to examine whether the association of the MIND diet with cognition is independent of common brain pathologies. Methods: Utilizing data from the Rush Memory and Aging Project (MAP), a longitudinal clinical-pathologic study, we studied 569 decedents with valid dietary data, cognitive testing proximate to death, and complete autopsy data at the time of these analyses. A series of regression analyses were used to examine associations of the MIND diet, dementia-related brain pathologies, and global cognition proximate to death adjusting for age, sex, education, APOE ɛ4, late-life cognitive activities, and total energy intake. Results: A higher MIND diet score was associated with better global cognitive functioning proximate to death (β= 0.119, SE = 0.040, p = 0.003), and neither the strength nor the significance of association changed substantially when AD pathology and other brain pathologies were included in the model. The β-estimate after controlling for global AD pathology was 0.111 (SE = 0.037, p = 0.003). The MIND diet-cognition relationship remained significant when we restricted our analysis to individuals without mild cognitive impairment at the baseline (β= 0.121, SE = 0.042, p = 0.005) or in people diagnosed with postmortem diagnosis of AD based on NIA-Reagan consensus recommendations (β= 0.114, SE = 0.050, p = 0.023). Conclusion: MIND diet is associated with better cognitive functioning independently of common brain pathology, suggesting that the MIND diet may contribute to cognitive resilience in the elderly.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1387-2877 , 1875-8908
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3233/JAD-210107
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: IOS Press
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2070772-1
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